中考语文总复习系列之.ppt

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1、中考总复习系列之 宾语从句宾语从句定义：定义：简单的说简单的说 ,宾语从句就是宾语从句就是一个或是几个从句充当主句中的一个或是几个从句充当主句中的宾语成分。宾语成分。知识梳理PeterLisa1.Is the earth far from Mars?(Do you know)P:Do you know 2.Have earth men visited Mars?(Do you know)L:I dont think(that)earth men have visited Mars.If/whether the earth far from Mars.?L:I think(that)the ea

2、rth is far from Mars.P:Do you know If/whether earth men have visited Mars?3.How many moons does Mars have?(Do you know)L:I think it has two moons.P:Do you knowhow many moons Mars has?4.What colour does Mars appear?P:Do you knowwhat colour Mars appears?L:I think it appears red.一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）1.1.当

3、当宾宾语语从从句句是是陈陈述述句句时时（包包括括肯肯定定句句和和否否定定 句句），连连词词由由thatthat引引导导，因因为为thatthat在在从从句句中中不不作作任任何何成成分分，也也没没有有任任何何具具体体意意思思，因因此此在在口口语语或或非非正正式式文文体中常省略。体中常省略。vI think(that)theearthisfarfromMars.vv Lisadoesntthink(that)earthmenhavevisitedMars.Lisadoesntthink(that)earthmenhavevisitedMars.知识梳理 2 2 2 2.当当宾宾语语从从句句是是一一

4、般般疑疑问问句句时时，由由连连词词whetherwhetherwhetherwhether或或ifififif引引导导（口口语语中中常常用用ifififif），因因为为if/whetherif/whetherif/whetherif/whether翻翻译译成：成：“是否是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略v PeterPeter wantswants toto knowknow ifif/whether/whether thethe earthearth isis farfarfromMars.fromMars.v PeterPeter doesntdoesnt

5、knowknow ifif/whether/whether earthearth menmen havehave visitedMars.visitedMars.知识梳理 3.3.当当宾宾语语从从句句是是特特殊殊疑疑问问句句时时，由由连连接接代代词词（what,what,who,who,whom,whom,which,which,whosewhose）或或连连接接副副词词（when,where,how,whywhen,where,how,why）引导，因为连接代词引导，因为连接代词 或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具 有一定的意义，所以不可以省略。

6、有一定的意义，所以不可以省略。v DoyouknowhowmanymoonsMarshas?DoyouknowhowmanymoonsMarshas?v DoyouknowwhatDoyouknowwhatcolourcolourMarsappears?Marsappears?知识梳理1.Lisa knows Peter comes tomorrow.2.Peter didnt know if/whether earth men has visited Mars.3.Lisa wondered what time Peter came the next day.4.Peter has deci

7、ded that he would learn English well.5.Lisa told Peter that light travelled faster than sound.6.Peter asks Lisa if she goes fishing when she is free.will comehadwould comewilltravelswill go二、时态二、时态 1.1.如如果果主主句句是是现现在在的的时时态态 （包包括括一一般般现现在在时时 ，现现在在进进行行时时，现现在在完完成成时时），从从句句的的时时态态可可根根据据实实际际情情况况而而定定，（包包括括一一般

8、般现现在在时时，一一般般过过去去时时，一一般将来时，现在完成时等）般将来时，现在完成时等）v Iknowheliveshere.Iknowheliveshere.vIknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.vIhaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.知识梳理 2.2.如如果果主主句句是是过过去去的的时时态态（包包括括一一般般过过去去时时，过过去去进进行行时时），那那么么从从句句的的时时态态一一定定要要用用相相对对应应的的过过去去的的某某

9、种种时时态态（包包括括一一般般过过去去时时，过过去去进进行行时时，过过去将来时，去将来时，过去完成时）过去完成时）v Iknewwholivedhere.Iknewwholivedhere.vIsawshewastalkingwithhermother.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.vHeaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebackHeaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.tomorrow.vHesaidthathehadseenitHesaidthathehadseenit.知识梳理 3.

10、3.当当从从句句是是客客观观真真理理，定定义义，公公理理，定定理理时时用用一般现在时。一般现在时。vThe teacher said that the sun travels around the earth.知识梳理1.His brother asks when1.His brother asks when will he go towill he go to the library.the library.His brother asks whenHis brother asks when he will go tohe will go to the library.the library

11、.2.2.I dont know whatI dont know what does he want todoes he want to buy.buy.3.3.I dont know whatI dont know what he wants tohe wants to buy.buy.4.4.3.Can you tell me who3.Can you tell me who are we going toare we going to meet?meet?5.5.Can you tell me whoCan you tell me who we are going towe are go

12、ing to meet?meet?6.6.4.We want to know if/whether4.We want to know if/whether does he knowdoes he know French.French.7.7.We want to know if/whetherWe want to know if/whether he knowshe knows French.French.8.8.5.They re not sure if/whether5.They re not sure if/whether will they go towill they go to C

13、anada in Canada in summer.summer.9.9.They re not sure if/whether They re not sure if/whether they will go tothey will go to Canada in Canada in summersummer .10.10.6.Peter doesnt know6.Peter doesnt know what the matter is.what the matter is.11.11.Peter doesnt know Peter doesnt know what is the matte

14、r.what is the matter.三、语序三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分知识梳理 1 1could could could could/wouldwouldwouldwould是是委委婉婉语语气气，而而不不是是过过去去式式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。注意事项v CouldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourCouldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?tickets?vCouldyoutelluswhichgatew

15、ehavetogoto?Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?vWouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?2.2.如如果果主主句句的的谓谓语语动动词词是是askask时时，连连词词不不可可能能是是thatthat；如果主句的谓语动词是如果主句的谓语动词是saysay时，连词用时，连词用thatthatvShesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonShesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.

16、hisdesk.vHesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofHesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthechild.thechild.vHeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano.HeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano.vYoumayaskthemanovertherehowyouYoumayaskthemanovertherehowyoucangettothebusstation.cangettothebusstation.3.3.如如果果从从句句中中含含有有oror或或or or notnot时时，只只

17、能能用用whetherwhether而不用而不用ififvCouldyoutellmewhetherthatsafasttrainornot?vDoyouknowwhetherheisrightornot?vIdontcarewhetherhellstayhereornot.主主主主句句句句从从从从句句句句一般将来时态一般将来时态 一般现在时态一般现在时态祈使句祈使句含有情态动词含有情态动词Do Do you you know know if if _back _back next next week week?If If he he _ _ back back,please let me k

18、now.please let me know.A.he comes,will come B.will he come,comes A.he comes,will come B.will he come,comes C.he will come,comes D.he will come,will comeC.he will come,comes D.he will come,will come 4.4.连词连词 if if 和和 when when 在不同从句中的区别：在不同从句中的区别：CI dont know when he _(come).I cant wait here any more

19、.When he _(come),would you please ask him to call me?willcomecomes5.连词+宾语从句 连词+to dovIdontknowwhatIshalldonext.Idontknowwhattodonext.vShedidntdecidewhichoneshewouldchoose.Shedidntdecidewhichonetochoose.vPleasetellmewhomyoullgivetheletterto.Pleasetellmewhomtogivetheletterto.宾语从句中考题练兵：宾语从句中考题练兵：一、单项选择

20、一、单项选择()1.Idontthinkhewillcomehereontime,?(重庆重庆)A.wontheB.willheC.doesheD.ishe()2.Willyoupleasetellme?(上海上海)A.wherePudongAirportisB.howfarPudongAirportwasC.howcanwegettoPudongAirportD.whenwasPudongAirportbuilt()3.ItsnotpolitetoaskpeopleinEngland.(常州常州)A.howmuchmoneytheyhavegotB.whattheweatherislikeC

21、.whatyourcitylookslikeD.howoldarethey()4.Iwonderifhetonight.Ifhe,Illletyouknow.(扬州扬州)A.willcome;willcomeB.comes;comesC.willcome;comesD.comes;willcomeB BA AA AC C()5.IcantsayIwanttoseehimagain.Wehaventseeneachotherfornearlythreeyears.(镇江镇江)A.howlongB.howsoonC.howoftenD.howmuch()6.Mr.Greentoldmethathe

22、onatripnextSunday.(通化通化)A.aregoingB.wasgoingC.willgoD.wouldgoing()7.OurgeographyteachertoldusthatJapantheeastofChina.(河北河北)A.isinB.wasinC.istoD.wasto()8.Nobodyknowshellcomeornot.(辽宁辽宁)A.thatB.ifC./D.whether D DB BC CD D二、按要求改写句子二、按要求改写句子1.“Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew?”Tomsmotheraskedhim.(改为复合句改为复合句,句

23、意不变句意不变)(济南济南)Tomsmotheraskedhimtotrysomethingnew.2.Couldyoutellmethewaytothestation?(改写句子改写句子,句意不句意不变变)(青岛青岛)Couldyoutellmetothestation?3.“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”Johntoldme.(改为复合句改为复合句,句意不变句意不变)(天津天津)Johntoldmethathomework.4.IdonthowIcanreachthezoo.(改为简单句改为简单句)(宿迁宿迁)Idontknowthezoo.if/whetherif/w

24、hetherhehewantedwantedhowhowI Icancangetgethehehadhad finishedfinishedhishishowhowtotogetgettoto三、根据汉语提示三、根据汉语提示,完成句子完成句子.1.我还没有决定是否去参加迈克的生日聚会。我还没有决定是否去参加迈克的生日聚会。(黑龙江黑龙江)IhaventdecidedIwillgotoMikesbirthdayparty.2.据说在南京长江上又建了一座桥。（南京）据说在南京长江上又建了一座桥。（南京）Itssaidthatbridge_overtheChangjiangRiverinNanjing.3.请你告诉我这把锁是用什么制成的好吗？请你告诉我这把锁是用什么制成的好吗？(无锡无锡)Wouldyoupleasetellme?4.你能告诉我他从美国回来多久了？你能告诉我他从美国回来多久了？Canyoutellme?whetherwhetherorornotnotanotheranotherhashasbeenbeenbuiltbuiltwhatthislockismadeofwhatthislockismadeofhowlonghehasbeenbackfromtheUSAhowlonghehasbeenbackfromtheUSA