专项复习——宾语从句.ppt

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1、ObjectClauses专项复习宾语从句 教学任务教学任务 专项复习宾语从句专项复习宾语从句 教学重点教学重点 1.1.什么是宾语从句什么是宾语从句 2.2.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词 3.3.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序 4.4.宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态 .教学难点教学难点1.whether whether与与ifif的区别的区别 2.2.否定前移否定前移 3.3.if/when的的双重意义双重意义ObjectClauses还记得我们在第六模块学过的基本句型主语+谓语+宾语的结构吗？找出下列句子的宾语：Ineedapen.Thedoctorhelpedthem.Childrens

2、toppedtalking.Idonotwanttocry.Weknow(that)helikeshistory.名词代词V-ing形式动词的动词的 to doto do形式形式(动词不定式动词不定式)句子I need a pen We know he likes history.主主s s主主s s谓谓v v谓谓v v宾宾o o宾宾o o这种放在动词后面作宾语的句子，我们称为这种放在动词后面作宾语的句子，我们称为“宾语从句宾语从句”主主s s谓谓v v宾宾o o简单句简单句主从复主从复合句合句1.什么是宾语从句？试比较 Do you know who was the first astron

3、aut(宇航员宇航员)in the world?The teacher told us that the sun rises from the east.Please tell me where they are going.I dont know if he will come tonight.Tony wonders what will be on tonight.Find out the Object ClausesWe are proud of that we win the first place in the match.She hopes she can win the game

4、.The teacher said the sun is bigger than the moon.I hear Lingling was late for school this morning.2.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词.上述句子上述句子,由由来充当引导词连接主从句。来充当引导词连接主从句。宾语从句是陈述句，意在陈述一件事或者表达一种宾语从句是陈述句，意在陈述一件事或者表达一种期望等期望等thatthatthatthatthat可省略。可省略。1)Iwanttoknow.Issheright?Iwantknowsheisright.2)Sheaskedme.Canyouswim?

5、SheaskedIcouldswim.上述句子上述句子,由由充当引导充当引导词来连接主从句。一般疑问句作宾语从句，意在词来连接主从句。一般疑问句作宾语从句，意在说明从句里讲述的事情含有不确定的概念（需要说明从句里讲述的事情含有不确定的概念（需要思考思考“是是”“否否”这个问题）这个问题）2.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词if/whetherif/whetherif/whether（“是否是否”）if或或whether引导宾语从句时，作引导宾语从句时，作“是否是否”讲，一讲，一般情况下，两者常可换用。般情况下，两者常可换用。只只能能用用whether的的情情况况1.在在动词不定式动词不定式之之

6、前只能用前只能用whetherPlease tell us whether to go or stay here.2.在在 whether or not 的固定搭配中的固定搭配中I dont know whether or not I can come.3.在在介词介词后后We worried about whether he was in good health.4.宾语从句放在宾语从句放在句句首表示强调首表示强调时时Whether it is true or not,I cant tell.1)Do you know book it is（这是谁的书）（这是谁的书）?2)Could you

7、 tell me the train is late（火车为什（火车为什么迟到）？么迟到）？3)He asked us we left（我们什么时候离开（我们什么时候离开）.以上句子以上句子,由由充当引导词来连接主从句。充当引导词来连接主从句。特殊疑问句作宾语从句。特殊疑问句作宾语从句。由疑问代词由疑问代词who,whom,whose,which,what和疑问副和疑问副词词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句，这些特殊引导的宾语从句，这些特殊疑问词既有词义又充当句子成份，是根据句子问题的疑问词既有词义又充当句子成份，是根据句子问题的实际需要来选用。实际需要来选用。2.宾语从句的

8、引导词宾语从句的引导词whosewhywhen特殊疑问词特殊疑问词将下列问句变成陈述句。1.Canheswim?swim.2.Doeshehaveapen?apen.3.Wheredidhego?.4.Whatareyoudoing?.5.Whathappenedtoyou?.6.Whichisthewaytothestation?.想一想想一想为什么5，6语序不变？HecanHehasWherehewentWhathappenedtoyouWhatyouaredoingWhichisthewaytothestation3.宾语从句的语序陈述陈述语序语序“主语在前，谓语在后主语在前，谓语在后”

9、的顺序的顺序A.Whatishedoing?He asked me_ what he was doing.B.Where does Tony go?Everyone wants to know _ where Tony goes.D.Who is waiting for her?Please tell me _ who is waiting for her.宾语从句要用宾语从句要用_语序。语序。“主语在前，主语在前，谓语在后谓语在后”的顺序。的顺序。陈述陈述C.Who is he waiting for?Would you tell me 。who he is waiting for?练一练练

10、一练4.宾语从句中时态宾语从句中时态Ihear(that)Betty(be)astudenttwoyearsago.Betty(be)anEnglishteachernow.Betty(come)tomorrow.Betty(sing)apopularsongnow.Betty(be)toBeijingtwice.Betty(play)thepianoatnineoclockyesterdaynight.Betty(collect)200stampsbytheendoflastterm.填一填填一填wasiswillcomeissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadcollec

11、ted.当主句是现在时态当主句是现在时态，宾语从句的时态不作限制，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的我们可以根据句子的需要需要使用使用。（需要性原则）（需要性原则）任何时态任何时态.当主句用过去时态的时候当主句用过去时态的时候，宾语从句必须运用，宾语从句必须运用 ，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则），从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.1)hetoHongKong.2)hesick.3)heabook.4)hehiswor

12、k.Hesaid辨一辨辨一辨wouldgowaswasreadinghadfinished4.宾语从句中时态宾语从句中时态过去时态的某一种形式过去时态的某一种形式确定从句的时态确定从句的时态(根据主句时态根据主句时态)主句时态主句时态从从 句句 时时 态态连连 接接 前前连连 接接 后后一般过去时一般过去时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时练一练练一练 1.I hear that he _(leave)five weeks ago

13、.2.She often asks me where I _(go)next year.leftwillgo3.Whatishedoing?He asked me _ what he was doing.4.He can speak German.He said _(that)he could speak German.5.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.He said _(that)light travels faster than sound.6.The earth goes round the sun.He said _(that)the earth goes r

14、ound the sun.当宾语从句说明的是当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实客观存在的事实或者是或者是客观存在客观存在的真理时的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍用用，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍用用 。（特殊性原则）。（特殊性原则）Hetoldme(that)SummerisafterSpring.Iwastold(that)thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.Myparentstoldme(that)itisnevertoooldtolearn.比一比比一比一般现在时一般现在时5.否定前移否定前移 I think.He wont go swimming.I don

15、t think .that he will go swimming.当宾语从句表示否定的意义、主句为第一人称当宾语从句表示否定的意义、主句为第一人称(I,We)、动词为、动词为think、expect、believe、guess、imagine、suppose时，常将从句时，常将从句的否定移到主句上。例如：的否定移到主句上。例如：think think believe believe expect expect guess guess imagine imagine suppose supposeI/We I/We dont+OC+OC.if/when具有具有双重意义双重意义1.I want

16、to know ifhe_(come)tomorrow.If he _(come).Pleasetellme.2.Can you tell me whenhe_(come)?Please take him to school whenhe_(come).if if ：引导宾语从句或条件状语从句；引导宾语从句或条件状语从句；whenwhen：引导宾语从句或时间状语从句。引导宾语从句或时间状语从句。willcomecomeswillcomecomes“是否”“如果”“什么时候”“当”宾宾语语从从句句三三要要素素引导词引导词thatthat（陈述句（陈述句 ）ififwhetherwhether（一

17、般疑问句（一般疑问句）特殊疑问词特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句（特殊疑问句)时态时态主句为现在时态主句为现在时态从句可为任何时态从句可为任何时态主句为过去时态主句为过去时态从句从句一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时语序语序宾语从句的语序都为宾语从句的语序都为陈述句陈述句语序语序客观真理客观真理自然现象自然现象公式定理公式定理名言警句名言警句时态不变时态不变.本课小结本课小结主语在前，谓语在后主语在前，谓语在后.Findoutthemistakesandcorrectthem.1Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?2Sheknewth

18、atDannyisastudent.3Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.4Doyouknowwhocaritis?wasiswhose.课堂检测课堂检测1.Couldyoutellmenow?A.wherethetwinswereB.wherethetwinsareCwherearethetwins2.A:Doyouknow?B:Yes,hecameherebytrain.A.whenhecamehereB.ifhewillcomehereC.whyhecamehereD.howhecamehere3.ShesayssheEnglishfortenye

19、ars.A.learnedB.haslearnedC.waslearningD.havelearned4.Theteachertoldusthattheearthround.A.wasB.isC.willbeD.wouldbe5.Tellme.A.whatwrongiswithhimB.whatswrongtohimC.whatthematteriswithhimD.whatsthematterwithhim6.Myfriendaskedme.A.whoisthegirlB.whothegirlwasC.whowasthegirlD.whothegirlis.Choose the right answers.BDBBDBThanks