unit 9book 3 Chinese Food.ppt

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1、ContentsClick to add Title1Click to add Title2Click to add Title3Click to add Title4 School of Foreign LanguagesContentsPre-reading Activities1Global Reading2Detailed Reading3Consolidation Activities4 School of Foreign LanguagesDiscussionvHow important is food to us Chinese?And to you?vDo you care v

2、ery much about what kind of food you eat?vHow do you like cooking?Would you spend a whole morning in preparing a meal?vWhat do you know about the difference between Chinese and western eating habits?School of Foreign LanguagesCultural backgroundEight Chinese Cuisines China is a country with vast ter

3、ritory and many nationalities.Therefore we have Chinese food with different but fantastic and mouthwatering flavor.Generally,Chinese food is roughly divided into eight regional cuisines.School of Foreign LanguagesCultural backgroundShandong CuisineSichuan CuisineGuangdong CuisineFujian CuisineZhejia

4、ng CuisineHunan CuisineAnhui CuisineJiangsu Cuisine School of Foreign LanguagesChinese foodv我们中国人有一个什么样的饮食习性呢？我们中国人有一个什么样的饮食习性呢？v首先是以首先是以纤维性食物为主纤维性食物为主，所以我们中国人使用的，所以我们中国人使用的是筷子，筷子主要是针对纤维类的东西而存在的。是筷子，筷子主要是针对纤维类的东西而存在的。而且而且筷子本身也能体现中华之道筷子本身也能体现中华之道，就是两个东西，就是两个东西，一阴一阳。可是西方人是用刀叉的，所以他们是以一阴一阳。可是西方人是用刀叉的，所以

5、他们是以肉食类的东西为主的。肉食类的东西为主的。v v另外一点，我们中国人在饮食方面是比较讲究另外一点，我们中国人在饮食方面是比较讲究和谐和谐圆融的。圆融的。School of Foreign LanguagesConfucius remarksv孔子的饮食观念，孔子曾经说过：孔子的饮食观念，孔子曾经说过：v食不厌精，脍不厌细，食殪而羯，鱼绥而肉食不厌精，脍不厌细，食殪而羯，鱼绥而肉败，不食；败，不食；v色恶不食；臭恶不食；失饪不食；不时不食；色恶不食；臭恶不食；失饪不食；不时不食；割不正不食；不得其酱不食。割不正不食；不得其酱不食。v肉虽多，不使胜食气。唯酒无量，不及乱。肉虽多，不使胜食气。

6、唯酒无量，不及乱。v沽酒市脯不食，不撤姜食，不多食。食不语。沽酒市脯不食，不撤姜食，不多食。食不语。School of Foreign Languagesv食不厌精，就是说吃东西不要一定吃很精美的食物，食不厌精，就是说吃东西不要一定吃很精美的食物，很精美，美味可口的食物。很精美，美味可口的食物。v脍不厌细，脍是把肉切成很细的丝，这样才有益于脍不厌细，脍是把肉切成很细的丝，这样才有益于消化。消化。v食殪而羯，鱼绥而肉败，不食。像腐烂的食物，一食殪而羯，鱼绥而肉败，不食。像腐烂的食物，一般的话就不允许吃。般的话就不允许吃。v色恶不食，食物的颜色不对的也不要吃。色恶不食，食物的颜色不对的也不要吃。v

7、还有臭恶不食，臭是味道不好的意思，味道不好也还有臭恶不食，臭是味道不好的意思，味道不好也不能吃。不能吃。v失饪不食，就是烹调的手法不对的话也不能吃。失饪不食，就是烹调的手法不对的话也不能吃。School of Foreign Languagesv不时不食，就是不按季节，不按节气去吃的东西不不时不食，就是不按季节，不按节气去吃的东西不要吃。要吃。v割不正不食，就是说这个东西烹饪的过程当中，切割不正不食，就是说这个东西烹饪的过程当中，切割的方法不对的话都不要吃。割的方法不对的话都不要吃。v不得其酱不食，不同的季节要配不同的酱，如果配不得其酱不食，不同的季节要配不同的酱，如果配伍不当的话也不可以食用

8、。伍不当的话也不可以食用。v肉虽多，不使胜食气肉虽多，不使胜食气 ，就是说你吃再多的肉，不可，就是说你吃再多的肉，不可以超过主食。以超过主食。v唯酒无量，不及乱。酒，可以多喝，不要让自己喝唯酒无量，不及乱。酒，可以多喝，不要让自己喝醉了。醉了。School of Foreign Languagesv沽酒市脯不食。就是买的酒不喝，市场上买回来的沽酒市脯不食。就是买的酒不喝，市场上买回来的肉脯也不吃。所以很有可能在当时，在孔子的年代肉脯也不吃。所以很有可能在当时，在孔子的年代就已经出现假冒伪劣了。就已经出现假冒伪劣了。v不撤姜食。古代是非常鼓励吃姜。不撤姜食。古代是非常鼓励吃姜。“冬吃萝卜，夏冬吃

9、萝卜，夏吃姜，不找医生开药方。吃姜，不找医生开药方。”v不多食。这是对我们饮食的一个要求，就是一般来不多食。这是对我们饮食的一个要求，就是一般来讲七八分饱就可以了。讲七八分饱就可以了。v食不语。就是吃饭的时候，你不要多说话。食不语。就是吃饭的时候，你不要多说话。School of Foreign Languages Hierarchy Theory of Needs The hierarchic theory is often represented as a pyramid,with the larger,lower levels representing the lower needs,t

10、he upper point representing the need for self-actualization.School of Foreign LanguagesvPhysiological Needs vThese are biological needs.They consist of needs for oxygen,food,water,and a relatively constant body temperature.They are the strongest needs because if a person were deprived of all needs,t

11、he physiological ones would come first in the persons search for satisfaction.Hierarchy Theory of Needs School of Foreign LanguagesSafety Needs vWhen all physiological needs are satisfied and are no longer controlling thoughts and behaviors,the needs for security can become active.Adults have little

12、 awareness of their security needs except in times of emergency or periods of disorganization in the social structure(such as widespread rioting).Children often display the signs of insecurity and the need to be safe.Hierarchy Theory of Needs School of Foreign LanguagesvNeeds of Love,Affection and B

13、elongingness(belonging needs)vWhen the needs for safety and for physiological well-being are satisfied,the next class of needs for love,affection and belongingness can emerge.Maslow states that people seek to overcome feelings of loneliness and alienation.This involves both giving and receiving love

14、,affection and the sense of belonging.Hierarchy Theory of Needs School of Foreign LanguagesvNeeds for Esteem vWhen the first three classes of needs are satisfied,the needs for esteem can become dominant.These involve needs for both self-esteem and for the esteem a person gets from others.Humans have

15、 a need for a stable,firmly based,high level of self-respect,and respect from others.When these needs are satisfied,the person feels self-confident and valuable as a person in the world.When these needs are frustrated,the person feels inferior,weak,helpless and worthless.Hierarchy Theory of Needs Sc

16、hool of Foreign LanguagesvNeeds for Self-Actualization vWhen all of the foregoing needs are satisfied,then and only then are the needs for self-actualization activated.Maslow describes self-actualization as a persons need to be and do that which the person was born to do.A musician must make music,a

17、n artist must paint,and a poet must write.These needs make themselves felt in signs of restlessness.The person feels on edge,tense,lacking something,in short,restless.If a person is hungry,unsafe,not loved or accepted,or lacking self-esteem,it is very easy to know what the person is restless about.I

18、t is not always clear what a person wants when there is a need for self-actualization.Hierarchy Theory of Needs School of Foreign LanguagesEngels Coefficient(恩格恩格尔系数系数)v恩格尔，厄恩斯特(1821-1896年)Engel，Ernst恩格恩格尔，生于德累斯，生于德累斯顿，德国，德国统计学家，因学家，因发现恩恩格格尔曲曲线和恩格和恩格尔定律定律闻名于世。名于世。vEngels Coefficient(恩格恩格尔系数系数),known

19、 as the proportion of expenditure on food to the total consumption,is a major indicator showing peoples living standard.School of Foreign LanguagesvAuthoritative statistics point out that an Engels Authoritative statistics point out that an Engels coefficient above 59 percent represents absolutely c

20、oefficient above 59 percent represents absolutely poverty;50-59 percent,barely enough food and poverty;50-59 percent,barely enough food and clothing;clothing;40-50 percent,a moderately well-off40-50 percent,a moderately well-off standard of living;30-40 percent,a well-to-do standard of living;30-40

21、percent,a well-to-do standard of living;and below 30 percent,a wealthy standard of living;and below 30 percent,a wealthy life.life.v 食物支出金额食物支出金额恩格尔系数恩格尔系数x100%x100%总支出金额总支出金额 School of Foreign Languagesv国际上常常用恩格尔系数来衡量一个国家和地区人国际上常常用恩格尔系数来衡量一个国家和地区人民生活水平的状况。根据联合国粮农组织提出的标民生活水平的状况。根据联合国粮农组织提出的标准，恩格尔系数在

22、准，恩格尔系数在59%59%以上为贫困，以上为贫困，50-59%50-59%为温饱，为温饱，40-50%40-50%为为小康小康，30-40%30-40%为富裕，低于为富裕，低于30%30%为最富裕。为最富裕。School of Foreign LanguagesBackground InformationvHonolulu is the capital and most populous(thickly populated)place in the U.S.state of Hawaii.In the Hawaiian language,Honolulu means sheltered ba

23、y or place of shelter.It lies along the southeast coast of the island of Oahu and of the City&County of Honolulu.v美国美国夏威夷州夏威夷州首府和港口城市，华人称首府和港口城市，华人称檀香山檀香山。位于北太平。位于北太平洋夏威夷群岛中瓦胡岛的东南角，洋夏威夷群岛中瓦胡岛的东南角，1919世纪初因檀香木贸易和世纪初因檀香木贸易和作为捕鲸基地而兴起，作为捕鲸基地而兴起，18501850年为夏威夷王国首府，年为夏威夷王国首府，18981898年夏年夏威夷归属威夷归属美国美国，1909190

24、9年设市，年设市，19591959年成为州首府。按当地语年成为州首府。按当地语言。言。“火奴鲁鲁火奴鲁鲁”即即“避风港避风港”之意。之意。School of Foreign Languages旅游业为城市经济的支柱。旅游业为城市经济的支柱。华人为檀香山的开发和繁荣建立华人为檀香山的开发和繁荣建立了不朽的功绩。十八世纪，华人最先到这里开发资了不朽的功绩。十八世纪，华人最先到这里开发资源，种植甘蔗、香蕉、菠萝和采伐檀香木。源，种植甘蔗、香蕉、菠萝和采伐檀香木。檀香山也在中国近代史上扮演重要的角色。檀香山也在中国近代史上扮演重要的角色。伟大的中国革命先行者孙中山先生伟大的中国革命先行者孙中山先生18

25、791879年年随母亲到檀香山的约拉尼学校就读，后来随母亲到檀香山的约拉尼学校就读，后来还在当地的最高学府奥休学院深造。孙中还在当地的最高学府奥休学院深造。孙中山青年时代就开始在檀香山从事革命活动，山青年时代就开始在檀香山从事革命活动，18941894年曾在那里组织了中国最早的资产阶年曾在那里组织了中国最早的资产阶级民主革命团体兴中会，在檀香山国际机级民主革命团体兴中会，在檀香山国际机场的中国花园，一座孙中山的石像端坐在场的中国花园，一座孙中山的石像端坐在花园的中央，以永远纪念这位举世闻名的花园的中央，以永远纪念这位举世闻名的伟人。伟人。School of Foreign Languagesv

26、What is food to one man may be fierce poison What is food to one man may be fierce poison to others.to others.vHe was a bold man who first swallowed an He was a bold man who first swallowed an oyster.oyster.vOne cannot think well,love well,sleep well,if One cannot think well,love well,sleep well,if

27、one has not dined well.one has not dined well.vAll happiness depends upon a leisurely All happiness depends upon a leisurely breakfast.breakfast.Quotes School of Foreign LanguagesGlobal reading main contentthe nature of Chinese foodhow Chinese food has become an international foodthe contrast betwee

28、n the Chinese attitude and the western attitude toward food School of Foreign LanguagesDetailed ReadingvHow does the writer begin his essay?vWhats the function of the quotation part?vWhos Kenneth Lo?School of Foreign LanguagesDetailed ReadingMusicLecture or conversationDay dreamMatters of businessHo

29、w can one?How can one.?One can listen to;one may listen to;one may attend toRhetorical questionsparallelismComparison&contrastHow does Lo make his point clear?School of Foreign Languagesvattend to:to take care of,look after,deal withveg:His company helps employees their elderly relatives.vLanguage P

30、oints School of Foreign LanguagesLanguage Pointsvindifferent:without interest or concernv eg:She was utterly to his irritation.v He is to praise or blame,about success or failure.School of Foreign Languagesvderive from:to come from a source or originveg:The word“deduct”s from Latin.School of Foreign

31、 LanguagesPara 5-6vmarked:clear,readily seenveg:John worked really hard.He showed improvement in all the tests.v There is a increase in economy.v a man of marked ability v 才能显著的人 School of Foreign Languagesvassert:to declare strongly veg:He ed boldly that he was innocent of the crime.v It is nonsens

32、e to that smoking does not affect peoples health.School of Foreign LanguagesvLanguage Pointsv-ubiquitous:seeming to be everywhereveg:His influence was felt by the whole family.v Earths atmosphere is essential for life.School of Foreign Languagesvphenomenal:very remarkable,amazing-eg:He enjoyed succe

33、ss as a race car driver.-She has memory.School of Foreign LanguagesChop suey School of Foreign Languagesvfastidiously:with excessive care or delicacy.veg:He stared at the dirty table.v He copied every word of his notes onto clean paper.School of Foreign Languagesvcontrive:to make or invent something

34、 in a skillful way veg:In 1862,a technique was to take a series of photographs showing stages of movement.School of Foreign Languagesvconform to:to act in accordance with;to comply withveg:Her clothes are ed to fashion School of Foreign LanguagesvElusive:hard to express or defineveg:He tried to reca

35、ll the thought he had had months before.School of Foreign LanguagesvPiquant:having a pleasantly sharp or strong tasteveg:With the tomato sauce,the dish tastes much better.School of Foreign Languagesv eg:Many people in the West are gourmets and others are gluttons.v alliteration:v repetition of the first sound or letter of a succession of words,which helps to convey a sort of melodious quality.Rhetorical features School of Foreign LanguagesLOGO