货币银行学 第四章.ppt
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1、Chapter 4Understanding Interest Rates利率的重要性与我们的生活息息相关:挣还是赚?在世界所有流通的总市值中,有2/3被归为固定收益证券。4-24-3Present Value(现值)A dollar paid to you one year from now is less valuable than a dollar paid to you today(一年后你收入的1美元不如你现在收入的1美元值钱)4-4Discounting the Future(对未来的贴现)4-5Simple Present Value4-6Yield to Maturity(到期
2、收益率)The interest rate that equates the present value of cash flow payments received from a debt instrument with its value today(使债务工具所有未来回报的现值与其今天的价值相等的利率)4-7Four Types of Credit Market InstrumentsSimple Loan(普通贷款)Fixed Payment Loan(固定支付贷款;分期偿还贷款)Coupon Bond(息票债券)Discount Bond(贴现发行债券;零息债券)4-8Simple
3、LoanYield to Maturity4-9Fixed Payment LoanYield to Maturity4-10Coupon BondYield to Maturity4-11When the coupon bond is priced at its face value,the yield to maturity equals the coupon rate(息票债券价格等于其面值,到期收益率等于息票利率)The price of a coupon bond and the yield to maturity are negatively related(息票债券价格与到期收益
4、率是负向相关的)The yield to maturity is greater than the coupon rate when the bond price is below its face value (当债券价格低于其面值时,到期收益率要高于息票利率)4-12Consol or Perpetuity(统一公债;永续债券)A bond with no maturity date that does not repay principal but pays fixed coupon payments forever4-13Discount BondYield to Maturity思考
5、:债券合成用零息债券复制息票债券。用息票债券复制零息债券。4-14到期收益率的缺陷分析1.投资者持有债券至偿还期。2.再投资收益率等于到期收益率。3.到期收益率难以计算。4-154-16Current Yield(当期收益率)It is an approximation of the yield to maturity on coupon bonds which defined as the yearly coupon payment divided by the price of the security ic=C/P Where ic=current yield P=price of co
6、upon bond C=yearly coupon payment4-17Yield on a Discount Basis(贴现基础上的收益率Question:wich would you rather own?You are offered two bonds,a one-year u.s.treasury bond with a yield to maturity of 9%and a one-year u.s.treasury bill with a yield on a discount basis of 8.9%.4-184-19Following the Financial Ne
7、ws:Bond Prices and Interest Rates 4-20Rate of Return(回报率)4-21Rate of Return and Interest RatesThe return equals the yield to maturity only if the holding period equals the time to maturity(只有持有期与到期期限一致的债券回报率才与最初的到期收益率相等)A rise in interest rates is associated with a fall in bond prices,resulting in a
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