高考英语语法之常用时态知识点讲义.docx

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1、高中英语语法之常用时态知识点和练习题英语六种常用时态知识点一、一般现在时 (be;do/does)1.概念：表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。经常性、习惯性动作。标志词：often, sometimes, usually, always, occasionally等和时间状语如 in the evening, at night, twice a month, on Sundays, every day/week/month/year,等。用法：（1）.客观事实和普遍真理。The earth runs around the sun.（2）表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表

2、示“来、去、动 、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词 ）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用 。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。The next train leaves at 3 oclock this afternoon.下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。How often does this shuttle bus run?这班车多久一趟？（3）在由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as,等引导的时间状语从句或由if, so/as long as, once, even if, although, whetheror,

3、in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引导的条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时（主将从现）。When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.等你完成这份报告的时候，我就已经等了将近3个小时了。二、一般过去时1.概念：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。2.标志词：yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in , at that tim

4、e等。（有时句子中虽然不含表示过去时间的状语，但根据语境可判断动作或状态已经发生，而且与现在没有任何联系，也需用一般过去时。）三、一般将来时（will / shall do。）用法： going to do：打算去，要This is just what I am going to say.这正是我想说的。about to do：即将、正要，强调近期内或马上要做的事。例：Dont worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.别担心，我马上就给你做一次仔细的检查。3.be to do：按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事。 (客观安排，

5、人为安排)例：She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.星期一你准会在实验室见到她。5) 有些动词，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于一般进行时，并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用，可以表示将来时。 例：My mother is coming to visit me next week.（我妈妈下周将来看我。）四、现在进行时(be doing)概念：现在正在进行的动作。标志词：now, at thi

6、s moment, look, listen,五、过去进行时(was/ were doing)概念：强调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情。例：Dont worry, you wont miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.别担心，你不会认不出她的。她到时会穿一件红色的T恤衫和一条白色的短裙。注意事项：由于本时态是由将来时和进行时融合在一起的，所以关于本时态的注意事项，可参考一般将来时和现在进行时的有关注意事项。六、现在完成时(have done)概念：1.表示某动作发生在过去

7、，强调其对现在的影响。此时用短暂性动词。标志词：already, just, yet, never, before,2. 表示某动作从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在。此时用延续性动词。标志词：lately, recently, in the past/last few days/years, since then, up to now, so far; since+时间点；for+时间段。测试自己：英语时态考察及解析本文整理了一些英语时态的练习题，并附上了详细答案解析，希望大家有所收获。1.Do you know our town at all?No, this is the first time

8、 I _ here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming解析：答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。2.Have you _ been to our town before?No, its the first time I _ here.A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come解析：答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。 This is the largest fish

9、 I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，从句要用完成时。 注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。3.The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _ in the office.A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left解析：答案D.

10、 把书忘在办公室发生在去取书这一过去的动作之前，因此忘了书这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在同学们正忙这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因此 前一句应用过去进行时。4.He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it.He said he_me a present unless I_ in doing the experiment.not given; had not succeeded B. would not give; succeed C. will not give; succeed D. w

11、ould not give; will succeed.解析：答案B. 在时间，条件或让步主语从句中一般不用将来时。本题有He said，故为过去式。主句用将来时，故选B. 此处用一般过去式代替了过去将来时。练习题及答案动词是英语中最重要的一个语法考点，而动词时态(以及非谓语动词)又是各类动词考点中最最重要的。新概念英语时态练习题：1. May I speak to your manager Mr. Black at seven tonight?Im sorry. Mr. Black _ to a conference long before then.A. had gone B. has g

12、one C. will have gone D. would have gone2. Unluckily, when I dropped in, Dr. Smith _, so we only had time for a few words.A. was just leaving B. has just left C. had just left D. just left3. A short time before she _, the old lady _ a will, leaving her money to her brother.A. died; has written B. ha

13、s died; wrote C. had died; wrote D. died; had written4. Dont go there alone in such late hours.Dont worry. I _.A. dont B. wont C. didnt D. havent5. All of the guests _ by 9:00 oclock, but the host _ until 15 minutes later.A. arrived; didnt turn up B. had arrived; didnt turned upC. arrived; hadnt tur

14、ned up D. had arrived; hadnt turned up答案与解析1. C。由上句中的at seven tonight可知是指一般将来的动作。所给的四个选项中只有C指将来。故答案为C。将来完成时表示将来某个时候已经发生或完成的动作。句意为“我今晚七点钟你们的经理布莱克先生谈话吗?”“对不起，布莱克先生今晚七点钟将早去参加会议了。”2. A。根据前半句中dropped in, 可知是过去时态，排除B;根据后半句句意“所以我们只说了几句话”提示，可排除C;故答案为 A。转移动词的进行时表将来。3. D。句意为“死之前，老太太写下遗嘱，把钱留给她的弟弟。”“死”这一动作发生在过去，用一般过去时;“写遗嘱”发生在“死”之前，是“过去的过去”，用过去完成时。故答案为D。4. B。祈使句看成将来时。“不要一个人这么晚出去。”“别担心。我不出去。”5. B。第一空“所有客人九点钟之前都到了”，表示过去某个时间之前已经发生的动作，用过去完成时;第二空“主人十五分钟之后才到达”，是指过去某个时候发生的动作，用一般过去时;故答案为B。学科网（北京）股份有限公司