高三英语一轮复习非谓语动词讲义.docx

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1、非谓语动词非谓语动词一、 定义：在句子中不充当谓语的动词。它们不受主语的限制，没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语，还有时态和语态的变化。二、 分类三、 功能非谓语动词在句子中除了不能充当谓语，可以充当主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。eg.: I like to sing. I like singing.The girls parents dont let her go out at night.Walking in the street, I came across my teacher.Made in Japan, the cars are better than thos

2、e in China.四、 非谓语动词的常考句型 for sb. to do sth. (safe, easy, hard, difficult, interesting, important, necessary) 描述物的性质1、It is +adj.+ 真正主语 形式主语 of sb. to do sth. (kind, good, nice, wise, foolish, right, wrong, clever, stupid)描述人的性质It is very important us students to study hard.It is careless her to make

3、 such a mistake.It is no use/no good/no harm/a waste of +doing 主语+ think/feel/find/consider it+adj./n. to do sth. 形式宾语 真正宾语2、以下动词后接to do sth.作宾语口诀：一个提供（offer）别嫌少，两个要求（demand，ask）莫拒绝（refuse）；三个希望（hope，wish，expect）要答应（promise）；设法（manage）学会（learn）做决定（decide）;不要假装（pretend）在选择（choose）。eg.: learn to do st

4、h. （宾语）agree to do sth. 同意做某事3、以下动词后接to do sth.和V-ing当宾语均可，但意思不同。remember to do 记得去做（未做）remember doing 记得做过（已做）forget to do 忘记去做（未做）forget doing 忘记做过（已做）stop to do 停下来去做另一件事（两件事）stop doing 停止正在做的事（一件事）go on to do 继续做另一件事go on doing 继续做同一件事regret to do 遗憾要去做regret doing 后悔做过try to do 设法做 try doing 尝试

5、做4、以下动词后接to do sth.作宾语补足语tell/ask/want/like/hate/allow/permit/force/invite/order/warn+sb. to do sth.eg.: tell sb. to do sth.5、feel “一感” hear/listen to “二听” +宾语+ do sth. （主动，强调全过程） let/have/make “三让” doing sth. （主动，强调正在进行） see/watch/notice/observe “四看” done （被动）除“一感”，“二让”以外，其他的句型变成被动时，不定式前须加to，即：sb.

6、be seen to do sth.eg.: We often hear her sing the songs. 6、以下及物动词常接动名词作宾语（不能接to do sth.）Suggest/consider/imagine/practice/finish/enjoy/mind/avoid/keep on+doing sth.e.g.:Would you mind opening the window?We should practice speaking English as often as possible.have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.

7、做某事有困难need/want/require+doing sth. 用主动表被动=need/want/require+to be donee.g.:The water needs watering.=The water needs to be watered.cant help doing sth.情不白禁/忍不住做某事e.g.:I cant help laughing at the good news.get/ be used to（习惯于）stick to（坚持）devote sth. to （投身于）look forward to（期待) doing sth.be worth （值得做

8、）be busy （忙于做）feel like（想做）7、现在分词做状语,表时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或伴随等表示时间Walking in the street, I met an old friend.（walk）Hearing the ringing, they stopped talking.（Hear）Having finished homework, the little girl went to bed.（表时间先后）（finish）表示原因Deeply moved (move), she couldnt say a word.Encouraged（encourage）by th

9、e teacher, she decided to study hard.表示结果He got up late in the morning, missing（miss）the first bus.8、动词不定式（to do sth.）一般表目的、原因、结果To buy a ticket, I got up at 6 a.m. （目的）They were very glad to hear the good news. （原因）He rushed to the door, only to find it locked. （结果）9、不带to的不定式had better (not) do sth

10、.最好(不)做某事why not do sth.？= why dont you do sth.？为什么不做某事?how about doing sth.？=what about doing sth. ？做什么怎么样？10、四个“花费”sb. spend 时间金钱 on sth./ (in) doing sth.sb. pay for （付款）sth. cost sb.It takes/took sb. + 一段时间 to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间形式主语真正主语11、其他find sb. doing （表正在进行）发现某人/某物正在做某事 done （表被动）发现某人/某物被eg.: When I entered the room, I found them watching（watch）TV.When I got to school, I found the door locked（lock）.keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事7学科网（北京）股份有限公司