高考英语语法之现在进行时运用分析讲义.docx

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1、高中英语语法之现在进行时运用分析及巩固练习过去进行时的概念和用法一、不管在网上还是在实际应用中，越来越多的人觉得学习语言的最终的目的是为了应用。因此，有些英语学习者便认为没有必要学习英语语法了，语法不重要了。其实，这是不合逻辑的。语言的三要素：语音，词汇，语法。 英语是由语音、词汇、语法三个因素组成的，所以，我们没有语法的词汇就像没有树干的树枝和树叶一样，是无法组成一个整体的。二、在英语语法的学习中，过去进行时是我们经常遇到的一种时态，它是表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作，例如：1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。2.时间状语：at

2、 this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其他4.否定形式：主语+was/were + not +doing+其他5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。(第一个字母大写）6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit. When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.不能用于过去进行时的动词过去进行时表示的是在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作，这个动作是延续性的。

3、所以，非延续性动词和表感觉，感情，情绪，精神活动，所属关系等的动词，一般都不用于过去进行时态，常见的这类动词不能用于过去进行时的主要有：agree， be， believe， belong， care， forget， hate， have（拥有）， hear， know， like， love， mean， mind， notice， own， remember， seem， suppose， understand， want， wish等。例如：误：He is denying that he has seen the wallet.正：He denies that he has seen

4、the wallet.他否认他曾经见过这个钱包。误：I was knowing the answer.正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。误：I wasnt understanding him.正：I didnt understand him. 我不明白他的意思。误：i was reading when she was coming.正：i was reading when she came in.她进来的时候，我正在读书。误：While we were talking, the teacher was coming.正：While we were talking, the

5、teacher came in. 当我们正在说话的时候，老师进来了。误：When someone was knocking at the door, we were having supper.正：When someone knocked at the door, we were having supper.有人敲门时，我们正在吃晚饭。典型例题：1） Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. madeB. is makingC. was makingD. makes答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，“玛丽在做衣

6、服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。2） As she _ the newspaper，Granny _ asleep.A. read；was falling B. was reading；fell C. was reading；was falling D. Read；fell答案B.句中的as = when， while，意为当之时。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。句中的 fell （fall的过去时），是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。过去进行时表示同时进行的动作过去进行时是英语考试中常考的一

7、个语法点，它表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。表示同时进行的动作的用法，我们结合句子来理解，先来看例句；1.While you were writing letters，I was reading a book.你写信的时候，我在看书。2.While we were having breakfast，John was talking on the tele-phone.我们吃早饭的时候，约翰在打电话。好了，通过以上的几个例句，大家是否了解了英语过去进行时表表示同时进行的动作情况呢？那么，接下来我们做几道题测试下你的过去进行时掌握得如何1. What _ your g

8、randfather _ this time yesterday ?A. is . doing B. was . doing C. did . do D. had . done2. _ you _ a meeting at four yesterday afternoon ?A. Were . having B. Was . having C. Did . have D. Do . have3. A: I called you at about half past eight last night , but nobody answered . B: Oh , I _ in my office

9、 at that time .A. will work B. was working C. worked D. had worked答案：1.B2.A3.B某个时间点的过去进行时用法一、过去进行时除了可以表示过去某段时间发生的事情外，也可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情，时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。例如：1. What was she doing at nine oclock yesterday？昨天晚上九点她在做什么？（介词短语表示时间点）2.Tom was getting up at six oclock every day that week.汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床。

10、3.I was washing my clothes at this time yesterday昨天的这个时候，我正在洗衣服。4.They were playing games at 5：00 p.m. yesterday昨天下午五点他们正在玩游戏。5. What were you doing in the classroom yesterday afternoon?昨天下午你在教室里干什么?6. When I saw him he was decorating his room.当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。（when从句表示时间点）二、在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时

11、发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：1. While he was waiting for the bus，he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。（两个动作都是延续的）2.He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦车时我在做饭。（两个动作同时进行）3.They were singing while we were dancing.我们跳舞的时候他们正在唱歌。4.When I was doing my homework,my mother was cooking.当我正在做功课的时候，我妈妈正在做饭。5

12、.When my mother was doing the housework,my father was watching TV.当我妈妈正在做家务的时候，我爸爸正在看电视。今天我们一起来做做过去进行时的练习题1. What _ your grandfather _ this time yesterday?A. is . doing B. was . doing C. did . do D. had . done2. _ you _ a meeting at four yesterday afternoon?A. Were . having B. Was . having C. Did .

13、have D. Do . have3. A: I called you at about half past eight last night , but nobody answered. B: Oh , I _ in my office at that time.A. will work B. was working C. worked D. had worked4. His family _ TV from ten to twelve last night.A. watched B. were watching C. had watched D. was watching5. Li Lei

14、 _ a letter to his friend last night.A. was writing B. was written C. will write D. writes6. A: Hi , Lin Tao . I didnt see you at the party. B: Oh, I _ ready for the maths exam.A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got7. A: I called you yesterday evening ,but there was no answer.B: Oh ,I am so

15、rry I dinner at my friends home.Ahave Bhad Cwas having Dhave had参考答案：1.B. this time yesterday表示“昨天的这时”，属过去的一点时间，所以选B.2. A. at four yesterday afternoon表示过去的一点时间3. B. at that time表示过去的一点时间4. B. from ten to twelve last night表示过去的一段时间5. A. last night与过去进行时连用，说明动作还没有结束 。B,C,D时态、语态不合题意,所以，选A6. B. 上下文联系，过去正在进行。非延续性的动词用进行时表示状态。7. C. 上下文联系，过去正在进行。学科网（北京）股份有限公司