高中英语2023高考动词与动词短语考点精讲.doc

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1、高考英语动词与动词短语考点精讲一、动词的分类1.行为动词(1)及物动词（可以直接带宾语）He gave me some advice on how to get rid of pets.(2)不及物动词（不可以直接带宾语）A traffic accident happened on the Hong Xing road yesterday.2.系动词【系动词后常接形容词做表语，不接副词尤其是以ly结尾的副词作表语】1)、表示“是”的动词be。这个词在不同的主语后面和不同的时态中有不同的形式，is，am，are，was，were，have/has been等要特别予以注意。例如：He was a

2、 soldier two years ago.两年前他是个士兵。2)、表示“感觉”的动词，如look（看起来），feel（觉得，摸起来），smell（闻起来），sound（听起来），taste（尝起来）等，例如：The story sounds interesting.这个故事听起来很有趣。3)、表示“变”、“变成”的意思的动词，如become, go, get, grow, turn,come(true),fall(ill/asleep) 都解释为“变”、“变得”，例如：She became a college student.=She turned college student.她成了一

3、名大学生。4)、表“保持和好像”等含义的动词如 keep,stay, remain，seem,appear,proveIt is important to keep healthy.3.情态动词can(could),must, may(might),should ，had better, would rather, have to【情态动词后必须接动词原形】4.助动词这类词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能与主要动词一起构成谓语，表示不同的时态、语态、表示句子的否定和疑问，例如：(1)do、does、did：构成否定句或疑问句【这类助动词后必须接动词原形】He does not speak En

4、glish well.他英语讲得不好。（句中的does是助动词，既表示一般现在时，又与not一起构成否定形式。）(2)is、am、are、were、was：构成进行时态、完成进行时或被动语态Football is played all over the world.全世界都踢足球。（句中的is 是助动词，和played一起构成被动语态。）(3)has、have、had：构成完成时态When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。(4)will、shall、would:构成将来时态【这类助动词后必须接动词原形】I sha

5、ll write to you again at the end of the month. 月底我再给你写封信。（shall与write构成一般将来时,shall用于将来时只用在I和we的后面。）二、常考高频动词短语感知真题：在空格处填入适当的词（1词）1. Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter settle_, get married, and have kids.Keys:down【settle down 定居;安顿下来】2. Working with the medical team in Africa has brou

6、ght_ the best in her as a doctor. Keys:out 【bring out使显现，出版，阐明】3. Many businesses started up by college students have taken_thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation. Keys:off 【take off起飞，成功，受欢迎】4. Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage_the opportunity to join sp

7、orts teams. Key:of 【 take advantage of 利用】5. 12.When their children lived far away from them , these old people felt cut _from the world. Keys: off 【cut off切断】三、熟词生义词汇1.The school admits 200 new boys and girls every year.Key:学校每年招收200名新生。【admit:熟义：承认，允许生义：招收，接纳】2.Book in advance if you want to be su

8、re of a seat.Key:如果你要确保有座位，你就提前预定【book:熟义：书生义：预定】3.A journalist was sent tocoverthe traffic accident.Key:一个记者被派去采访这次的交通事故。【cover:熟义：覆盖，封面，盖子生义：采访，涉及】4.But she was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed.Keys:但是她非常伤心，因为丢失了几卷还未冲洗的柯达胶卷。【film:熟义：电影生义：胶卷】【develop: 熟义：发展生义：冲洗】5.The boy first showed promise as an athlete in primary school.Keys:这个男孩在上小学的时候就初次显示出成为运动员的潜力/希望。【promise:熟义：承诺生义：希望，迹象，预示】2