初中英语时态总结归纳【八种】.docx

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1、 初中英语时态总结归纳【八种】 1、一般现在时: 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语:Always(总是), usually(通常), often(经常), sometimes(有时分), every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays ,etc. 根本构造: 当主语是第三人称单数时 确定句 主语+动词单三+其他 否认句 主语+doesnt+动词原形+其他 一般疑答句 Does+主语+动词原形+其他 确定答复 Yes，主语+does 否认答复 No，主语+doesnt 当主语不是第三人称单数时 确定句 主语

2、+动词原形+其他 否认句 主语+dont+动词原形+其他 一般疑答句 Do+主语+动词原形+其他 例句: I never get up early on Sundays. 特别疑答句 特别疑答词(when,where,who,how ,etc.)+一般疑答句 2、一般过去时: 概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或形态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, lo

3、ng long ago, once upon a time, etc. 根本构造: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否认形式did+not+do+其他; 一般疑答句did+主语+do+其他? 例句: I went to Italy .I visited museums and sat in public gardens 3、现在进展时: 概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进展的动作及行为。 时间状语:now, at this time(在这一刻), these days, etc. 根本构造:am/is/are+doing 否认形式:am/is/are+not+doing. 一般疑答句:把be动词放于句首。

4、 4、过去进展时: 概念: (1)表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进展的行为或动作。 (2) 表示一个动作正在进展时，另一个动作突然发生了。 时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time(在那一刻)或以when、while引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 根本构造:was/were+doing 否认形式:was/were + not + doing. 一般疑答句:把was或were放于句首。 While与when (1)用while连接(while只接doing) 例:My mother was cooking while I was doin

5、g my homework.(可以持续动作时态全都) (2)when表示(when可以接doing或did，when后动作时间长，用doing，时间短，用did) 例:I was doing my homework when my mother came in.(间接表达了详细时间) 例句: I was having breakfast when the telephone rang 5、现在完成时: 概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或后果，或从过去已经启始，持续到现在的动作或形态。 时间状语:recently, lately, since(自从),for(长达),in the

6、past few years, etc. 根本构造: 主语+have/has+过去分词(done) 确定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他. 否认句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他. 一般疑答句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他. 特别疑答句:特别疑答词或词组+一般疑答句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)? 例句: I have just received a letter from my brother. 6、过去完成时: 概念:以过去某个时间为标准，在彼以后发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之后完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。 时间状语: after，wh

7、en, as soon as(一.就.), until, before, by the end of(到为止) last year(term, month),etc. 根本构造:主语+had+过去分词(done) 确定句:主语+had+过去分词+其他. 否认句:主语+had+not+过去分词+其他. 一般疑答句:Had+主语+过去分词+其他? 确定答复:Yes,主语+had. 否认答复:No,主语+had not . 例句: The children ran away after they had broken the window. As soon as the sun had set we

8、 returned to our hotel. I had not understood the problem until he explained it . 7、一般将来时: 概念:表示将要发生的动作或灭在的形态及准备、规划或预备做某事。 时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc. 根本构造:am/is/are/going to + do;will/shall + do. 否认形式:was/were + not; 外行为动词后加didnt

9、，同时复原行为动词。 一般疑答句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。 例句: I will meet him at the harbour early in the morning. 注:将来进展时will be doing 将来某时刻正在进展。 (用将来进展时提答更加客气，礼貌。能用will be doing 都能换成will do 表达。但语气、含义稍有不同) 例句: Tomorrow evening they will be singing at the workers Club. 8、过去将来时: 概念:立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。 时间状语:the

10、next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc. 根本构造:was/were/going to + do;would/should + do. 否认形式:was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do. 一般疑答句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。 一般过去将来时常用在间接引语中 例句:She said that Mr.Jones would see you now. 他说过琼斯先生现在要见你。 特别疑答句 特别疑答词(when,where,who

11、,how ,etc.)+一般疑答句 . 几种常见时态的相互转换 英语中的几种时态在肯定状况下可以相互转换，以下是几种常见的转换形式: 一、 一般过去时与现在完成时的转换 在现在完成时中，连续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。 I have bought a car. I have had the car for 3 weeks I havent bought anything for 3 months 但是，可用别的表达方式:瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中;瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的连续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用;瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时

12、间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从以来有时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been;瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看: A. He joined the League li: 联盟two years ago. B. He has been in the League for two years. C. It is two years since he joined the League. D. Two years has passed since he joined the League

13、. 二、 一般现在时与现在进展时的转换 在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示“处于某种形态”，如at work(在工作), at school(上学、上课)等。彼短语可与进展时态转换。请看: Peter is at work, but Mike is at play. Peter is working, but Mike is playing. 三、 现在进展时与一般将来时的转换 在现在进展时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如:I am coming, Mum! 意为“人就来，妈妈!”请看: The train i

14、s leaving soon. The train will leave soon. 四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”构造的转换 “be going to+动词原形”、表示准备、规划要做的事;将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”构造在书面语中，当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词shall。在口语中，全部人称都可以用will。请看: We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday. We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday. 动词时态考点分析 一、依据时间状

15、语确定时态的原则 1. Hurry up! The play for ten minutes. A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began 析 1.since后接时间的起点，for后接时间段，主句动词用现在完成时，应留意瞬间动词与连续性动词的使用。 二、特别疑答句 2.How staying? for five days. A.long they will be B.they will be C.long will they be D.long they be 析 特别疑答句 特别疑答词(when,where,who,how ,etc.)

16、+一般疑答句 三、依据上下白已有时态信息点确定时态的原则 3. When this kind of computer ? -Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used 析 彼例由下句的时间状语推断出一般过去时态，并且要考虑到被动语态。 本用上下白语意确定时态的原则 4. Hi! Lin Tao. I didnt see you at the party. -Oh, I ready for the maths exam. A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got 析 彼例由didnt, at the party推断出应用过去进展时。