【公开课】名词性从句复习课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习.pptx

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1、RelatedConception(相关概念相关概念)1.名词名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。同位语。TheboyisliMing.主语表语Mr.Liang,a24-year-oldboy,teachesusEnglish.主语同位语宾语在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就这个句子就

2、叫名词性从句。叫名词性从句。什么是名词性从句什么是名词性从句?名名词词性性从从句句主语从句主语从句(The Subject Clause)宾语从句宾语从句 (The Object Clause)表语从句表语从句 (The Predicative Clause)同位语从句同位语从句 (The Appositive Clause)宾语从句宾语从句如何区分宾语从句？They know the teacher.主语 谓语 宾语They know the teacher is a man.主语 谓语 宾语从句 句子做宾语就是宾语从句。1.Wewonderwhatweshalldo.2.Couldyout

3、ellmewheretheyare?3.Webelievethattheyhavefinished4.theirtask,haventwe?4.I dont know whether/if he will come.找出下列句中的宾语从句宾语从句的注意事项（一）宾语从句的注意事项（一）引导词引导词 句子类型句子类型that陈述句陈述句一般疑问句一般疑问句if/whether特殊疑问词特殊疑问词特殊疑问句特殊疑问句我不知道你会来这里。我不知道你会来这里。I dont know（that）you will come here.注意：注意：thatthat在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语在从句中不充当

4、任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常常被省或非正式的文体中常常被省去去。我不知道他来不来。我不知道他来不来。我想知道他来还是不来。我想知道他来还是不来。你们是在谈论着他来还是不来吗？你们是在谈论着他来还是不来吗？他不在乎天气是否好。他不在乎天气是否好。I dont know whether/if he will come.I want to know whether he will come or not.Are you talking about whether he will come?He doesnt care if it isnt a fine day.注意：在宾语从句中，表示注意：在

5、宾语从句中，表示“是否是否”既可以用既可以用whether,whether,也可以用也可以用if.if.但是，但是，whetherwhether常与常与or notor not连用；作介词宾语连用；作介词宾语只用只用whether;whether;从句是否定句时一般用从句是否定句时一般用ifif。Do you remember how he came?They want to know what they can do to help us.Can you make sure where Alice has put the gold ring?She asked me why he had c

6、hosen that one?还有还有when,who,which,etc.注意事项（二）从句时态 主句时态现在时/将来时相应任何时态过去时相应过去任何时态She asked me why he had chosen that one?The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.注意事项（三）宾语从句中的否定转移宾语从句中的否定转移我认为他不会来这里我认为他不会来这里I think he wont come here.()I dont think he will come here.()注意：如果宾语从句是由注意：如果宾语从句

7、是由think,believe,think,believe,imagine,supposeimagine,suppose等词引导的时候，要将从句等词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。中的否定形式转移到主句中去。I dont think he will come here,_ _?She doesnt think he will come here,_ _?will he does she 注意事项（四）注意事项（四）宾语从句中用宾语从句中用it作形式宾语作形式宾语We think it our duty that we should help others.I find it i

8、mpossible that he should finish the work in two days.注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用语时，一般用itit来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。补后面。注意事项（五）注意事项（五）一些含有假设一些含有假设,猜想猜想,建议等意思的动词后面建议等意思的动词后面的宾语从句要用的宾语从句要用“should+动词原形动词原形“结构结构,可省略可省略.这类动词有这类动词有:advise,insist,suggest,demand,require,request,order,

9、Command等等.eg.I suggested that he(should)study harder注意事项（六）注意事项（六）动词动词doubt的否定和疑问结构才接的否定和疑问结构才接that从句从句I dont doubt _ he will be against the idea.Do you doubt _ I can finish it on time?I doubt _ he will be against the idea.thatthat whetherpractice1.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which2.Thete

10、acherasksus_Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime3.Doesanybodyknow_wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that4.Iwonder_heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.when5.Have you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island?A.what B.how C.if D.whether 6.Lily said _ she had finished h

11、er composition.A.if B.that C.when D.where 7.I dont know _ he still lives here.A.where B.what C.when D.whether8.The PLA men ordered that all the enemy_up.A.gave B.give C.had given D.giving9.I remember_ this used to be a quiet village.A.how B.when C.where D.what 10.It is generally considered unwise to

12、 give a child_ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever 11.Idontknow_wecanliveontheislandwithoutanyfood.A.whereBwhatChowDthat12.Couldyoutellme_?AwhereisthepartBwhosondutyCwhosebookisthisDwhataretheydoing13.Theteachertoldusthattheearth_aroundthesun.AmovedBmovesCmoveDmoving14.Couldy

13、outellme_?AifhewouldcometomorrowBwillhecometomorrowCwhetherhewillcometomorrowDifhecomestomorrow15.IdidntknowthatMr.Smith_yet.A.HasreturnedBhasreturnedB.ChadreturnedDreturned表语从句表语从句用做表语的从句叫表语从句位置：位置：一般放在系动词一般放在系动词be,后后.The problem is thatwehavelittlemoney.That is whathewantsustodo.That is whereshego

14、thermastersdegree.可以接表语从句的系动词还有可以接表语从句的系动词还有look,remain,seem等。等。表语从句的连接词1.that 引导的表语从句,本身无意义,但不能2.省略.3.2.whether 引导的表语从句意为:“是否”.不能 用 if 替代.3.what,which,who,whom,whose可在表语4.从句中充当“主语,宾语,定语,有自己的词义.我们的目的是他能认识到错误。我们的目的是他能认识到错误。Our purpose is that he can realize his faults.注意：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。注意：引导表语从句的连接词

15、一般不省略。问题是它是否值得做。问题是它是否值得做。The question is whether it is worth doing.注意：表语从句表示注意：表语从句表示“是否是否”只用只用“whether”“whether”而不用而不用“if”“if”4.where,when,why,how引导的表语从句引导的表语从句 连接副词连接副词where,when,why,how除在句中起除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。原因状语，本身具有词义。e.g.Thats where I cant agree with

16、 you.This is why Sara was late for the meeting.This is how they overcome the difficulties.My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.5.其他连词其他连词as if,as though,because,as,引引导的表语从句导的表语从句 because引导表语从句通常只用于引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”结构中。结构中。as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动引导的表语从句常置于连系

17、动词词look,seem,sound,be,become等后面，等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g.It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time.试区分以下句子试区分以下句子Is this museum what you visited?Is this the museum that you visited?Is this museum the one

18、 that you visited?注意：这种句子考试时一定要记住这句话：名注意：这种句子考试时一定要记住这句话：名词前（尤其是单数可数名词前）一定要有限定词前（尤其是单数可数名词前）一定要有限定词。然后把句子变换成陈述句，接着判断句子词。然后把句子变换成陈述句，接着判断句子是属于哪种从句再完成。是属于哪种从句再完成。(表从表从)(定从定从)(定从定从)1.Goandgetyourcoat.Its_youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewereD.wherethere2.Theproblemis_hehasenoughtime.A.ifB.whetherC./D.tha

19、t3.Whatthedoctorreallydoubtis_mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why4.-IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.-Isthat_youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where5.Perseveranceisakindofqualityandthats_ittakestodoanythingwell.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why6.-Areyoustillthinkingab

20、outyesterdaysgame?-Oh,thats_.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedabout.C.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcitedTranslate these sentences into English using noun clauses.1.这是我们所想要的东西。这是我们所想要的东西。Thisiswhatwewant.2.我认为你是对的。我认为你是对的。Ithink(that)youareright.3.我想知道他是否能帮助我。我想知道他是否能帮助我。Idliketoknowwheth

21、erhecanhelpmeornot.Revision4.天气不是昨天那样了。天气不是昨天那样了。Theweatherisnotwhatitwasyesterday.5.问题是我们怎么能完成任务。问题是我们怎么能完成任务。Theproblemishowwecanfinishthetask.Listen to a song,fill in the blanks and pick out predicative clauses and object clauses.AlthoughlonelinesshasalwaysbeenafriendofmineImleavingmylifeinyourha

22、ndsPeoplesayIm crazy and that I am blindRiskingitallinaglance_ you got me blindisstillamysteryIcantgetyououtofmyheadDontcare_ is written in you historyAslongasyoureherewithmeIdontcare_ you are，_ youre from，_ you didAslongasyoulovemeWhoyouareWhereyourefromDontcare_ you didAslongasyoulovemeEverylittle

23、thingthat you have said and doneFeelslikeitsdeepwithinmeDoesntreallymatterifyoureontherunItseemslike（asif）were meant to beHowwhatwhowherewhatwhatooooPHow you got me blind is still a mystery(谜)SubjectThe cause is still a mystery(谜)Subject ClausesSubject Clause(主语从句主语从句)Grammar3.Tofindyourwaycanbeapro

24、blem.2.Smokingisbadforyou.1.Youareastudent.4.“Howdoyoudo?”isagreeting.5.Whatshesaidisnotyetknown.6.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.7.Itiscertainthatweshallbelate.Subject（主语）（主语）A sentence serving as subject is called Subject Clause.Who will go makes no difference.Which is the best is not certain.Why dino

25、saurs died out is still unknown.When we will get together has not been decided.How she can keep healthy is a secret.Whether he will come is not very important.Who will goWhich is the bestWhy dinosaurs died outWhen we will get togetherHow she can keep healthyWhether he will come找出主语从句。找出主语从句。一主语从句的连接

26、词一主语从句的连接词1.that 1.that 只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，不充只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，不充当任何成分，但当任何成分，但不能省略不能省略不能省略不能省略。ThatThat she left him she left him made him heart-broken.made him heart-broken.ThatThat he is still alive he is still alive is good news to us.is good news to us.我们保持平衡饮食有益健康。我们保持平衡饮食有益健康。2.2.置于句首只能用置于句首只能用wheth

27、er“whether“是否是否”，不充当从句，不充当从句的任何成分。的任何成分。他是否会参加这个话剧表演是显而易见的他是否会参加这个话剧表演是显而易见的_ is clear._ is clear._(_(他能否买到飞机票他能否买到飞机票)doesnt matter much.doesnt matter much.Whether he can buy the plane ticketsWhether he can buy the plane ticketsWhether hell take part in the playWhether hell take part in the playTha

28、t we keep a balanced diet is good for our health.we keep a balanced diet is good for our health.3 wh-3 wh-疑问词包含意思，并在从句中充当成分。疑问词包含意思，并在从句中充当成分。_ she will be back is still a question._ she will be back is still a question._ you told me just now was really a surprise._ you told me just now was really a

29、 surprise._ we will hold the basketball game tomorrow is _ we will hold the basketball game tomorrow is not important.not important._ class will win the football game is not clear._ class will win the football game is not clear._ will meet him is not decided._ will meet him is not decided.WhenWhenWh

30、atWhatWhereWhereWhich Which WhoWho_ breaks the law should be punished._ breaks the law should be punished._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth_ has helped to save the drowning girl is worthpraising.praising._ tells lies is wrong_ tells lies is wrongWhoeverWhoeverWhoeverWhoeverWhoeverWhoev

31、er主语从句应使用主语从句应使用陈述句语序陈述句语序Rewrite the sentences with subject clauses.1.When will the scientist give a report?It is still a question.When_.改写改写 the scientist will give a report is still a question.2.Why is the earth becoming warmer?It is an important topic to scientists.Why_.the earth is becoming war

32、mer is an important topic to scientists改写改写Rewrite the sentences with subject clauses.1._ will win the gold medal remains to be seen.2._ wants to ask questions is welcome any time.3.The manager decided to offer the job to _ he believed had a strong sense of duty.WhoWhoWhoeverwhoeverwhoeverWho/whoeve

33、r/whomever4._ you choose as your wife has nothing to do with me.5._ breaks the law should be punished.6.There is no doubt that anyone _ doesnt give in to difficulties will be successful at last.WhomeverWhomeverWhoeverWhoeverwhowho1)_ you said yesterday is right.1)_ you said yesterday is right.2)_ sh

34、e is still alive is a consolation2)_ she is still alive is a consolation（安慰）（安慰）.3)_ he lost the bike worried him a lot.3)_ he lost the bike worried him a lot.4)_ 4)_ caused caused the the accident accident remains remains unknown.unknown.5)_ made matters worse was_ night began to fall.5)_ made matt

35、ers worse was_ night began to fall.6)_ we cant get seems better than _ we have.6)_ we cant get seems better than _ we have.WhatWhatThatThatThatThat注：what 与 that在引导主语从句时的区别what what 在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而语，而that that 则不然。则不然。WhatWhatWhat thatWhat thatWhat whatWhat what二二.it 做形式主语做形

36、式主语为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it it放在主语放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末。位置，真正主语搁置于句末。1）It+be+名词/形容词 +主语从句Exx:Exx:很肯定他会赢得比赛的。很肯定他会赢得比赛的。_ that he will win the match._ that he will win the match.It is a fact that _(It is a fact that _(地球绕着太阳转地球绕着太阳转)It It is very likely is very likely thatthat they will hold

37、 a meeting.they will hold a meeting.It It is important is important thatthat we all should attend the meeting.we all should attend the meeting.It It is still a mystery is still a mystery whatwhat caused the accident.caused the accident.It is certainIt is certainthe earth goesthe earth goesaround the

38、 sunaround the sun2）It+不及物动词(seem,happen,matter)+主语从句It It seems seems thatthat he has seen the film.he has seen the film.似乎似乎It It happened happened that that they were absent.they were absent.碰巧碰巧3）It过去分词从句 It It is said is said thatthat President Obama will visit our school President Obama will v

39、isit our school next week.next week.据说据说 It is decided that It is decided that 据决定据决定It is believed that It is believed that 据认为据认为It It is known to all is known to all thatthat Li Hua is the best student in our Li Hua is the best student in our class.class.众所周知众所周知1.This is natural that they should

40、 like each other.2.It is true he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.3.It doesnt matter that he is wrong or not.4.It is know to all that Lu Xun is a famous author.True or False It that whether knownWhatever he says Whatever he says is is of no importance.of no importance.Whoever says th

41、is Whoever says this is is wrong wrong 但谓语动词用单数还是复数，不可一概而论，而要但谓语动词用单数还是复数，不可一概而论，而要视句子的意义而定视句子的意义而定 What I need What I need is is money.money.What I need What I need areare books.books.三三.在主语从句中，谓语一般用在主语从句中，谓语一般用单数单数单数单数。When and where well hold the meeting _When and where well hold the meeting _not

42、 been decided yet.not been decided yet.A.has B.is C.have D.areA.has B.is C.have D.areExercises I.完成句子练习：完成句子练习：1._(我们想知我们想知道的道的)is the time for the meeting.2._(火车火车什么时间来什么时间来)is not known.3._(他们为什他们为什么来晚了么来晚了)is clear.What we want to knowWhen the train will comeWhy they come late Blanks filling1.Who

43、 weshouldinvitetoopentheconferenceisaquestion.2.Whetheritshouldlasttwodaysorthreedaysdoesntmatter.3.Whoeverwantsthebookmayhaveit.4.Howmanypeoplewillattendtheconferencehasnotbeendecided.5.Whichteamwillwinthefootballmatchisstillunknown.6.Itisuncertainwhenweshouldholdtheconference,inMayorJune.7.Whysoma

44、nypeopleareinterestedinbasketballiswhatwewanttoknow.8.Thatthereislifeonanotherplanetisalmostimpossible.9.ItisstillunknownwhowillbesenttotheStates.10.Whatmakemylifecolorfulintheschoolaremygoodfriendsandkindteachers.whether/that/who/which/when/why/what/how/whoever完成下面的短文完成下面的短文 After school when I got

45、 home,my mother saw that _(我很开心我很开心).I kept singing._ (我所做的我所做的)surprised my mother.She asked me what had happened.I told her_(我得到一个好消我得到一个好消息息).The good news was _ (我成为了奥运会志愿者我成为了奥运会志愿者)。Whats more,the decision had been announced(宣布宣布)by my teacher in my class._(老师所说的话老师所说的话)encouraged me.All my cl

46、assmates congratulated me on the good news.I decided to work harder._(我在学校我在学校所学的所学的)would be very useful.I think I will be a good volunteer.I am looking forward to the 2008 Olympic Games.I was very happyWhat I didthat I got a good newsthat I became a Olympic volunteer What my teacher saidWhat I lea

47、rned at school 阅读短文找出文中的名词性阅读短文找出文中的名词性从句。从句。RevisionAt school,everyone learns that Columbus discovered America in 1492.But Gavin Menzies,a retired British army officer,does not agree.He wrote a book.In the book,he said that the honour should go to the Chinese.On a trip to China,Menzies saw an old m

48、ap of 1424.What interested him was that the whole world had been mapped 70 years before Columbus.This made him believe that perhaps the Chinese first discovered America.His book caused a stir among scientists.Some are willing to believe that Columbus used a map from China,but others have doubts abou

49、t Menzies idea.One of the biggest challenges is that what Manzies believes to be America on the map is Antarctica(南极)。What is certain is that the book has made many people think about the achievements(成就)of Zheng He and other Chinese captain.thatthatWhatthatthatthat whatWhatthatOSOOOOSSP 同位语从句同位语从句

50、1.概念概念:在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。从句。2.功能功能:同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。词的具体内容。3.用法用法:常跟的抽象名词有常跟的抽象名词有:fact/idea/reason/thought/order/doubt/news/hope/truth/beliefeg.The news that our team won the first prize excited all of us.我们队得了第一名，这消息使我们都很我们队得了第一名，这消息使我们都很兴奋。兴奋。4.连词 that/whe