【课件】高中英语主谓一致讲解课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习.pptx

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1、Please make the best choice!1.语法一致语法一致2.意义一致意义一致3.就近一致就近一致1.When to leave not been decided.(have)2.Going shopping on Sunday one of his habits.(be)3.To do housework difficult for me.(be)4.What he said and what he did always different.(be)hasisiswere 2).When and where to build the new factory _ yet.A.

2、is not decided B.are not decidedC.has not decided D.have not decided当当when和和where加不定式指的是同一件事加不定式指的是同一件事时，谓语动词用单数。时，谓语动词用单数。总结：一总结：一 语法一致：主语复数，谓语法一致：主语复数，谓语复数；主语单数，谓语单数；如语复数；主语单数，谓语单数；如果主语是不可数名词，谓语用单数果主语是不可数名词，谓语用单数1。从句、不定式、动名词等做主语。从句、不定式、动名词等做主语时谓语动词视为整体，用单数。时谓语动词视为整体，用单数。注意：注意：如果主语是两个或者两个以上如果主语是两个或

3、者两个以上的名词性从句，谓语用复数。的名词性从句，谓语用复数。1.The novelist and poet going to Europe next year.(be)2.The novelist and the poet going to Europe next year.(be)isare总结总结2：两个以上的名词组成一个整：两个以上的名词组成一个整体概念做主语时，位于用单数体概念做主语时，位于用单数1.The Arabian Nights very interesting.(be)2.The United States founded in 1776.isis总结总结3：专用名词如：书

4、名，：专用名词如：书名，戏剧名，报刊名，国家（组戏剧名，报刊名，国家（组织名），用单数织名），用单数1）.Ten thousand dollars _ quite a large sum.A.are B.is C.has D.have2.Ten minutes enough(be)3.Twenty years passed since he left.(have)ishas总结总结4：表示时间、距离、金额、度：表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语做主语时，视为整体用单数量等词语做主语时，视为整体用单数1）.Six times seven _ forty-two.A.are B.is C.have

5、D.was2）10 plus30 40.3)2 times 3 6.(make)is/equalsmakes 总结总结5：加、减、乘、除等数学：加、减、乘、除等数学运算的谓语动词通常用单数运算的谓语动词通常用单数1.Each girl and(each)boy a new hat.(have)2.Every hour and every minute (be)important.3.They each a good hand writing.(have)4 Each of them a good hand writing.(have)has is have has 总结总结6:and连接的两个

6、主语或多个主语连接的两个主语或多个主语前有前有each,every，no 等修饰语时，谓等修饰语时，谓语用单数语用单数2.非谓语动词，从句或其他短语作主非谓语动词，从句或其他短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：1）.To get up early and to go to sleep early _ good for your health.A.is B.are C.was D.were由由and连接两个名词，包括两个不定连接两个名词，包括两个不定式、两个动名词作主语，若指同一件式、两个动名词作主语，若指同一件事或一个概念事，谓语动词用单数形事或一个概念事，谓语

7、动词用单数形式。式。4).When we will hold the meeting _ not decided yet.A.is B.are C.be D.was 3).Playing football not only _ us grow up tall and strong but also _ us a sense of fair play and team spirit.A.make;give B.makes;gives C.makes;give D.make;gives2 2、舍近求远的原则：舍近求远的原则：语法一致的原则是指主语为单数或语法一致的原则是指主语为单数或复数时，其谓语

8、动词要与其相呼应。但复数时，其谓语动词要与其相呼应。但我们要注意一些特殊情况；我们要注意一些特殊情况；1）以）以along with,together with,with,as well as,accompanied by,rather than,but,except 连接的两个主语，其谓语的连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数以第一个主语为主。例如：单复数以第一个主语为主。例如：1.Nobody but Jane _ the secret.A.know B.knows C.have known D.is known2.I,rather than you,_ responsible for the

9、accident.A am B are C has D have3.A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift.A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered4.All but one _ here just now.A.is B.was C.has been D.were5.Tom as well as two of his classmates _ invited to the party.A.was B.were C.have been D.had

10、 beenThe house,including the garden and the garage,was sold out.6.No one except my parents _ anything about it.A.know B.knows C.is knowing D.have knownSeveral passengers,together with the driver,were hurt.1。由。由notonlybutalso,neithernor,eitheror,notbut以及以及or连接的并列主语，谓语动词要连接的并列主语，谓语动词要与最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致。与

11、最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致。Notonlyyourfathersfriendsbutalsoyourfatherlikessmoking.3.就近一致原则就近一致原则1）Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.A.is B.are C.am D.be2）One or perhaps more pages _missing.A.is B.are C.has been D.have beenAre you or he to drive?Was she or you ther

12、e?3）Peter,perhaps John,_ playing with the little dog.A.seems B.were C.are D.is4)_ he _ I finished the experiment?A.Have neither/nor B.Has neither/norC.Have neither/or D.Have either/or5)-_ either he or I fit for the job?-Neither he nor you _.A.Am;are B.Is;are C.Are;are D.Is;isHere is a pen,a few enve

13、lopes and some paper for you.guess2在倒装句中以及在在倒装句中以及在Therebe结结构中，如主语是并列的，谓语动词往构中，如主语是并列的，谓语动词往往和其后面的第一个主语取得数上的往和其后面的第一个主语取得数上的一致。一致。Whereisyourmotherandyoungersister?Thereisapen,twopencilsandfivebooksonthedesk.1)On the wall _ famous paintings.A.have B.are C.is D.has2)There _ a lot of milk in the bottl

14、e.A.are B.is C.were D.has1并列主语如果指的是同一人、同并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，一物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时这时and后面的名词前没有冠词。后面的名词前没有冠词。ThesecretaryofthePartybranchanddirectorofthatfactoryoftenworkswiththeworkers.意义一致：意义一致：1）Both the secretary and the manager_ agreed to attend the meeting.A.has B.have C.are D.is 2）The s

15、ecretary and manager _ very busy now.A.is B.are C.has been D.were2陈述部分用陈述部分用everybody,everyone,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,noone或或no+复数名词等作主语时，复数名词等作主语时，反意部分用反意部分用they。而陈述部分用。而陈述部分用everything,something,nothing,anything时，反意部分代时，反意部分代词则采用单数，用词则采用单数，用it。Somebodyiswaitingforyou,arenthey?Every

16、thingisallright,isntit?3主语是以主语是以-ics结尾的学科名词以及结尾的学科名词以及news,works(工厂工厂)等都属形式复数，而意义单数等都属形式复数，而意义单数的名词，其谓语用单数形式。另外的名词，其谓语用单数形式。另外means一一词单复数同形应视具体情况词单复数同形应视具体情况而定。而定。Mathematicsseemstobedifficulttolearn.Anewmeansofteachingisbeingusedinthatschool.1)Every means _ been tried since then.A.has B.were C.was

17、D.has been注：学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时，注：学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时，谓语常用复数。谓语常用复数。Mymathematicsareweak.2)All means _ been used.A.has B.was C.have D.be 4the+形容词或分词作主语时，如形容词或分词作主语时，如指一类人。其谓语用复数，如指抽象指一类人。其谓语用复数，如指抽象概念，其谓语用单数。如：概念，其谓语用单数。如：Thericharenotalwayshappy.Thenewissuretoreplacetheold.The old _ well looked after by the

18、government in China.A.is B.are C.has been D.was5.主语是主语是family,team,group,crowd,class,committee等集合名词等集合名词时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式，如指的是全体人员时，谓单数形式，如指的是全体人员时，谓语用复数。语用复数。Hisfamilyareallmusiclovers.类似这样的集体名词有：类似这样的集体名词有：family,class,audience,committee（委员会）（委员会）,crowd,crew,group,party,populati

19、on,team,public,council（理事会）（理事会）,village等。等。The population of the earth is increasing very fast.1)He said that his family _ all very well.A.are B.were C.is D.was 2)The population of the city _ increasing fast.A.were B.be C.is D.are3)The United States _ made up of 50 states,one of which _Kentucky.A.i

20、s /are B.is/is C.are/is D.are/are4)Zhangs family _ rather big,with twelve people in all.A.is B.are C.being D.was5)Now the police _ searching the town for the lost child.A.was B.were C.is D.are.6)The police _ the black in winter.A.wears B.wear C.put on D.puts on主语主语people作作“人们，人民人们，人民”解时，解时，谓语动词用复数，作

21、谓语动词用复数，作“民族民族”解时，有解时，有单复数之分。单复数之分。(police,cattle,public)Ourpeopleisagreatone.Thereare56peoplesinChina.6主语是疑问代词主语是疑问代词who,what,which,不不定代词定代词all,more,most,any,none等以及等以及名词名词half,part,therest等既可表示复数意等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。HalfofthevisitorsarefromEurope.Halfofthefruitisbad.The r

22、est of his journey was pleasant.The rest of the girls are fond of music.All of your work is well done.All of your answers are correct.1)Most of his spare time _spent in reading.A.are B.were C.was D.have been2)Where _ that five pounds I lent you?A.is B.have C.was D.were3)Two of them will go first,the

23、 rest _ to stay.A.is B.are C.used D.has4)It is not I who _ wrong.A.is B.are C.am D.has been2“的几分之几的几分之几”和和“的百的百分之几分之几”作主语时，其谓语用单数或作主语时，其谓语用单数或复数取决于复数取决于of后的名词。后的名词。Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea.40percentofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.70 percent of the surface is covered with water.70 per

24、cent of the farmers have improved their living conditions.1)One third of the population here _ workers.A.is B.have C.be D.are2)About 20 percent of the work _ done yesterday.A.are B.is C.were D.was8“oneof+复数名词复数名词+定语从定语从句句”之前有之前有theonly,thevery,the等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。谓语动词用单数形式。She

25、istheonlyoneofthesewomenwhoplaystheviolin.1)John is the only one of the students in our class who _ to school on foot.A.go B.goes C.have gone D.are going2)He was the one of the students who _ praised at the meeting.A.was B.were C.is D.are 注意：注意：1.one of+复数名词复数名词+（单）谓语，如：（单）谓语，如：One of the students i

26、s from the south.2.one of+复数复数名词名词+定语从句（从句定语从句（从句动词用复数），如：动词用复数），如：He is one of the boys who are ready to help others.3.the(only)one of+名词（复数）名词（复数）+定语定语从句，从句中谓语动词用单数，表示众从句，从句中谓语动词用单数，表示众多中只有一个，如：多中只有一个，如：He is the only one of the students who comes early.1）如果主语是由）如果主语是由and连接的两个单数连接的两个单数名词，谓语用复数，但前面

27、有名词，谓语用复数，但前面有each,every,no 等词修饰时，谓语用单数。等词修饰时，谓语用单数。例如：例如：语法一致语法一致：Both rice and wheat _ grown in that country.A.is B.are C.was D.has Every boy and girl in this region is taught to read and write.NostudentandnoteacherisinvitedtothepartyEach doctor and each nurse was sent for.1).During the holidays e

28、very train and ship _ crowded.A.are B.were C.was D.has2）No teacher and no student _ admitted in here.A.are B.were C.is D.has主谓一致的测试热点主谓一致的测试热点2由由manya或或morethan+单数单数名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。ManyaforeignerhasbeentotheGreatWall.Morethanonestudenthasvisitedtheexhibition.1)More than one person he

29、re _ with the disease.A.has been infected B.have been infectedC.has been infecting D.have been infecting2)Many a student _ that mistake before.A.had made B.has been made C.have made D.has made3主语是一些只有复数形式的名词，主语是一些只有复数形式的名词，如如clothes,trousers,glasses,compasses,scissors,shoes,socks,gloves等时，谓语用复数。但这类表

30、示等时，谓语用复数。但这类表示成双的东西的名词前有成双的东西的名词前有apairof修饰时，修饰时，谓语用单数。谓语用单数。Mytrousersarebeingwashednow.Thereisapairofshoesinthebox.This pair of shoes _ made in our factory.A.is B.are C.have beenD.had been4“anumberof+名词复数名词复数”作主作主语，谓语用复数；语，谓语用复数；“thenumberof+名词复数名词复数”作作主语，谓语用单数。主语，谓语用单数。Anumberofpupilslikereading

31、picture-books.Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis55.2)The number of students that you have met _ the life of the team.A.are B.is C.were D.be1)A number of students _ from the south.A.are B.is C.have D.has成对的名词，如成对的名词，如breadandbutter涂涂黄油的面包，黄油的面包，sodaandwater汽水，汽水，coffeeandmilk加牛奶的咖啡，加牛奶的咖啡，aimandend目的

32、，目的，saltandwater盐开水盐开水等，虽然有等，虽然有and连接，但仍表单一概连接，但仍表单一概念，作主语时，谓语用单数。念，作主语时，谓语用单数。Aknifeandforkisonthetable.特殊知识点特殊知识点2在定语从句中主语是关系代词在定语从句中主语是关系代词who,that,which,谓语动词的数应谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。与先行词的数一致。I,whoamyourteacher,willteachyoueverythingIknow.It is not I who _ wrong.A.is B.are C.am D.has beenHe,who _ your

33、good friend,will share your joys and sorrows.A.was B.are C.is D.am3主语是用作书名、剧名、报纸名、国主语是用作书名、剧名、报纸名、国名等的复数名词，谓语一般用单数形式。名等的复数名词，谓语一般用单数形式。TheUnitedStatesisadevelopedcountry.1）The Arabian Nights _ well known to English lovers.A.is being B.are C.were D.is2）The United States _ founded in 1776.A.was B.is C

34、.were D.are4主语是表示数量的主语是表示数量的“oneandahalf+复数名词复数名词”，其谓语用单数形式。主语是，其谓语用单数形式。主语是“oneortwo+复数名词复数名词”，其谓语用复，其谓语用复数形式。数形式。Oneandahalfbananasisleftonthetable.ThereareoneortwothingsIdliketoknowabout.1）One and a half apples _ on the table.A.is leaving B.is left C.are left D.left2）One or perhaps more pages _ m

35、issing.A.is B.are C.has been D.have been5主语是主语是“eachof”，“neitherof”，“eitherof”，“oneof”等时，其谓语用单数。等时，其谓语用单数。Eachofthemhashisownduty.6用引号的词语作主语时，谓语用单数第三用引号的词语作主语时，谓语用单数第三人称。人称。I _ the ninth letter of the English Alphaber.A.are B.be C.is D.am7。在强调结构中如被强调的是句在强调结构中如被强调的是句子的主语，则子的主语，则who或或that后面的谓后面的谓语动词的人

36、称和数应和主语一致。语动词的人称和数应和主语一致。ItisMikewhoalwayshelpsmestudymathsafterclass.8。wish后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，如表示与现在事实相反，无论主语如表示与现在事实相反，无论主语是单数还是复数，是单数还是复数，be动词用动词用were。IwishIweretenyearsyounger9。youth作作“青年们青年们”解作主语时，谓解作主语时，谓语用复数。语用复数。TheyouthofChinatodayaredoingtheirbesttostudymodernscienceandtechnology.10。主语是主语是a/this/thatkindof+名名词，谓语用单数形式，主语指的不是词，谓语用单数形式，主语指的不是一种而是多种，谓语动词用复数。一种而是多种，谓语动词用复数。Thiskindofclothfeelssoft.Therearedifferentkindsofanimals.