【课件】Unit+3Discovering+useful+structures课件高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册.pptx

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1、人教版（2019）英语 选择性必修三Unit 3 ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONDiscovering the rules目目录录Discovering the rules01Studying the rules02Applying the rules03Work in groups.Look at the sentences in both columns and discuss the differences between each pair.Summarise the rules changing direct speech into indirect speech.D

2、iscovering the rulesDiscovering the rules01What are different between the two sentences?Please circle them.How does the punctuation change in each sentence?How does the tense change in each sentence?Why should we change the verbs sometimes?In what situations should we use the indirect speech?Discove

3、ring the rulesDiscovering the rules01 基本概念 （1）直接引语：直接引述别人的话，把它放在引号内，叫直接引语。（2）间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。【点点拨】直接引直接引语变为间接引接引语时，从句中的人称、，从句中的人称、时态、指示代、指示代词、时间状状语和地点状和地点状语等一般均要作相等一般均要作相应的的变化。化。直接引直接引语和和间接引接引语Discovering the rulesDiscovering the rules011.如果主句的谓语动词是如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化。，从句

4、的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化。直接引直接引语间接引接引语一般一般现在在时一般一般过去去时一般将来一般将来时过去将来去将来时 现在在进行行时过去去进行行时 现在完成在完成时过去完成去完成时 一般一般过去去时过去完成去完成时“I dont know that,”he said.1.时态变化时态变化2.如果直接引语讲的是如果直接引语讲的是客观事实或真理客观事实或真理，变为间接引语时，变为间接引语时，时态不变时态不变。The teacher said to us,“Light travels faster than sound.”The teacher told us that light tr

5、avels faster than sound.He said that he didnt know that.Studying the rulesStudying the rules02（1）The teacher said，“You are doing OK.”The teacher said that doing OK.（2）He said，“I have written a novel.”He said that a novel.（3）He said，“She will come here to have a long holiday.”He said that go there to

6、 have a long holiday.（4）The teacher said，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”The teacher said that where there a will，there a way.（5）Jane said，“Mary，where were you going when I met you on the bus?”Jane asked Mary where when she met her on the bus.we werehe had writtenshe wouldisshe was going Exer

7、ciseisStudying the rulesStudying the rules022.人称变人称变化化“I dont know that,”he said.一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新。一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新。一随主：直接引语中第一人称变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。一随主：直接引语中第一人称变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。二随宾：直接引语中第二人称变为和间接宾语（即听话人）相一致的人称。二随宾：直接引语中第二人称变为和间接宾语（即听话人）相一致的人称。第三人称不更新：直接引语中第三人称变为间接宾语时，人称不变。第三人称不更新：直接引语中第三人称变为间接宾语时，人称不变。He sa

8、id that he didnt know that.Studying the rulesStudying the rules02（1）“I will come and see you again this evening，Tom，”she said.She told Tom that would go and see again that evening.（2）He said to me，“You are wrong.”He told me that was wrong.（3）“Are you a soldier?”he asked.He asked if/whether was a sol

9、dier.sheIhimIExerciseStudying the rulesStudying the rules02（4）He asked，“Where are you going to get off，John?”He asked John where was going to get off.（5）“I will come here again today，”she said.She said that would go there again that day.（6）He said，“I am living with my cousin.”He said that was living

10、 with cousin.heshehehisExerciseStudying the rulesStudying the rules02变化化项目目直接引直接引语间接引接引语指示代指示代词thisthese时间状语nowtoday,tonightthis week/monthyesterdayten days/weeksagotomorrow/next year.地点状地点状语here方向性方向性动词comebringthatthosethenthat day,that nightthat week/month 3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化。指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词

11、的变化。the day beforeten days beforethe next day/yeartheregotake注意：注意：以上以上变化要根据化要根据实际情况而定。如果就在当天情况而定。如果就在当天转述，述，yesterday,tomorrow等等时间状状语不必改不必改变；如果；如果就在当地就在当地转述，述，here不必不必变为there。Studying the rulesStudying the rules02（1）“I will come and help you tomorrow，John，”she said.She told John that she would and

12、help her .（2）“Ill come and see you again this evening，Tim，”he said.He told Tim that he would go and see him again .（3）Mr Harry asked，“John，have you passed the exam yesterday?”Mr Harry asked John whether he had passed the exam .（4）The old man said，“I like to talk with these young men.”The old man sai

13、d that he liked to talk with young men.（5）She said to me，“I lived here five years ago.”She told me she had lived five years .the next daythat eveningthe day before thosetherego beforeExerciseStudying the rulesStudying the rules024.语序变化语序变化一般疑问句一般疑问句由连词由连词whether或或if引导的宾语从句，其主句谓语动词常用引导的宾语从句，其主句谓语动词常用

14、ask,wonder,want to know等。等。直接引语如果是直接引语如果是疑问句疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。Mother asked me whether/if I had finished my homework.Mother asked me,“Have you finished your homework?”Studying the rulesStudying the rules02选择疑问句选择疑问句由由whether.or引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。eg “Are you going to Beiji

15、ng or Shanghai for the holidays?”she asked.She asked me whether I was going to Beijing or Shanghai for the holidays.反意疑问句反意疑问句由连词由连词whether或或if引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。eg “You dont like rock music,do you?”he said.He asked me whether/if I liked rock music.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。“How man

16、y sleeping pills have you taken?”asked the nurse.The nurse asked me how many sleeping pills I had taken.The teacher asked,“Where have you been?”The teacher asked me where I had been.Studying the rulesStudying the rules02表示请求、劝告、建议等意义的疑问句变为间接引语：表示请求、劝告、建议等意义的疑问句变为间接引语：suggest+doing或或ask/advise+宾语宾语+动

17、词不定式。动词不定式。eg “What about starting early tomorrow morning?”Jack said.Jack suggested starting early tomorrow morning.“Why dont you take the rest of the day off?”asked my assistant.My assistant advised me to take the rest of the day off.祈使句祈使句动词动词+宾语宾语+不定式。常见引述动词有不定式。常见引述动词有tell,order,ask,warn。如果祈使句为否

18、定式，则在。如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加不定式前加not。eg He said to Ann,“Tell me your problem.”He told Ann to tell him her problem.“Be careful with the dog,boys,”she said.She warned the boys to be careful with the dog.“Dont work in bed,Tom,”she said.She told Tom not to work in bed.Studying the rulesStudying the rules02（1

19、）He said，“Ive left my book in your room.”He told me he his book in my room.（2）She said，“Do you like watching the advertisements on TV?”She asked me I watching the advertisements on TV.（3）“Where did you find the ads for jobs abroad?”Bill asked.Bill asked the ads for jobs abroad.thatwhetherwhere I had

20、 foundhad leftlikedStudying the rulesStudying the rules02Exercise（4）“What are you doing now?”Mom asked.Mom asked then.（5）He said，“Please come here again tomorrow.”He again .（6）He said，“Dont make so much noise，boys.”He told the boys so much noise.what I was doingasked me to go therenot to make Exerci

21、sethe next dayStudying the rulesStudying the rules02Discover useful structuresStudying the rulesStudying the rules02Diane asked what had made Hurricane Katrina unusual.Diane asked if/whether it had been the worst natural disaster in American history.Martha said/told me that she wanted to become a sc

22、ientist and help the world.Martha said/told me that she was doing a project on behalf of her school about global warming.Bob asked why nuclear power was such a sensitive topic.Bob asked if/whether they could explain how the nuclear disaster had happened.Studying the rulesStudying the rules02Laura as

23、ked how many animals had disappeared because of human hunting.Laura asked what we could do to help wild animals.Vincent said/told me that he had never been to the Amazon Jungle.Vincent asked if/whether scientists would discover new species there.Studying the rulesStudying the rules02Do a survey on w

24、hat your group members are doing to help the environment and what else they can do.Then report to the class.MichelleI always use my cloth bag when I go shopping,rather than use plastic bags.JackI often walk or ride a bike instead of taking a taxi.SallyDont print out documents unless really necessary

25、.JoeWould it be best to share books with others?Applying the rulesApplying the rules03I asked my group members what they did to limit the amount of carbon dioxide produced in their daily lives.Jack told me that he often walked or rode a bike instead of taking a taxi.Joe advised us to share books with others.Sally asked usApplying the rulesApplying the rules03Thank you!Thank you!