中国传统文化二十四节气（英文版）课件.pptx

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1、二十四节气The 24 Solar Terms节气如歌，光阴流转衣食农事，依时而作Ancient Chinese people created an overall framework to mark the annual passage of time based on observations of the sun s motion called“The 24 Solar Terms”中国古人通过观察太阳的运动轨迹，创立了二十四节气这个古老而科学的时间制度passage of time 时间流逝After that everything turns green and becomes fu

2、ll of vigor.People clearly can notice that daytime becomes longer and the weather gets warmer.Start of Spring 立 春This term marks the beginning of warmer days with melting snow and increased rainfall,hence the name rain.Rain Water 雨 水It is a sign of the coming spring seasonwhen the insectsfirst awake

3、n from their wintertime slumber.It happens when the sun reaches the celestial longitude of345 degrees on March 5 or March 6.After this day,thunders begin to appear all over China and thesound awakens all kinds insects hiding in the soil.Its better to eat food with more vegetable,protein ratherthan t

4、hose with adipose.Insectsawaken惊 蛰Vernal Equinox”arrives around March 21 every year and on this daythe sun is vertically above a point on the equator.“Vernal Equinox”indicates twomeaningsFirstlyon this daythenight and day are approximately equally long with 12 hours each.Secondly,its the mid-point f

5、or the springseason.After this day,the sun continues to move to the north hemisphere andthe temperature continues to rise.Daily averaae temperature in mostareas in China reaches O degree Celsius above.Vernal Equinox 春分ClearandBright清明Grain Rain is the sixth solar term in the twenty-four solar terms,

6、which is from an old Chinese saying -Rain aids thegrowth of countless grain.This means the rain is very important for the growth of grain at this time of year.The chinese name of Grain Rain wasoriginated from a folk story.When Cang Jie,an official in the Yellow Emperorperiod,created characters,count

7、less grain came down from the sky likerainfall.Therefore,the Yellow Emperor named this day as “Gu Yu”.Grain Rain谷 雨Start of Summer 立 夏Lixia means farewell to spring and is the beginning of summer,so it is also called “the end of spring”.On the day of Lixia,many places havecustoms such as eating“Lixi

8、a rice”,eating eggs,weighing people and tasting threenew products.Small full of small full,rivers gradually full.Grain Budss customs include grabbing water,sacrifixing the god of the car,the birthday of thesilkworm god,eating bitter vegetables,and summer busy parties.Grain小Buds满If you dont plant it,

9、itsuseless to plant it again.Grain in Ear is a busy solar term for farming,and the folk also call it“busy seed”.This is the time when rice is planted in the south andwheat is harvested in the north.GraininEar芒种芒种芒种The summer solstice is one of the first two solar terms established in China.Since anc

10、ient times,people have had the custom of celebrating a goodharvest and sacrificing ancestors at this time to pray for a good year to t d t夏至Summer SolsticeMinor Heat“Small heatstrokes are notconsidered hot,while largeheatstrokes occur on a hot day.”In the past,people in southern China had the custom

11、 of “eating new”during the summer heat,that is,tasting new rice after thesummer.Major Heat 大暑The big summer is hotter than the lightsummer,and it is the most intense and hottest solar term of the year.Since ancient times,the folk have had thecustom of drinking herbal tea(fucha)on three days in the s

12、ummer.Beginning of AutumnBeginning of autumn time is between August 7th and 9th in Gregorian calendarevery year.Beginning of autumn means that summer will cool off and autumn will begin.Beginning of autumn marks the official start of the autumn season.立秋The end of headBetween August 22 and August 24

13、 of the Gregorian calendar every year.Being in the summer heat means getting out of the summer heat,which means leaving in the heat.The arrival of the summer solar term means thatthe hot summer is coming to an end.The summer heat gradually subsided,and the transition from hot to cool.Custom:On the d

14、ay when the coastal area ofZhejiang Province closed its fishing in the East China Sea,a grand fishing ceremony was held to send fishermen off to sea.The meaning of the Millennium solar term is that the residual summer heat gradually disappears,the yin qi of heaven and earth rises and spreads,the wea

15、ther turns cold gradually,and the dew in the morningthickens day by day and condenses into a layer of white water drops on the surface of the grass,so it is called Millennium.It means the end of Meng Qiu season andthe beginning of Mid Autumn season,which is an important festival to reflect thetemper

16、ature change in nature.Custom：Fishermen on Taihu Lake will hold a incense ceremony to offer sacrifices toYu Wang in the Millenniumseason.Fermented rice wine.hit e Dew(白露)Between September 22 and 24 of the Gregorian calendar every year.The autumnal equinox means that day and night are equal at this t

17、ime,and the days are long and thenights are short gradually,and the autumnal equinox lives in the middle of autumn and divides the autumn equally.Customs:Worship the moon in autumn、Eat wild vegetables in autumn.。Autumnal Equinox(秋分)Cold DewBetween October 8 and 9 of the Gregorian calendar every year

18、.Due to the arrival of the cold dew,the temperature is lower than that of thewhite dew,and the dew on the ground is colder,which is about to condense into frost.The climate changes from hot to cold,and everything grows with the cold,gradually falling.This is the season of alternating heat and cold.C

19、ustoms:Eat flower cakeEat sesame seedst b寒露 Frosts Descent（霜降）Between October 23rd and 24th of the Gregorian calendarevery year.Because Frost is a manifestation of cold weather andgreat temperature difference between day and night,it isnamed first frost for this solar term,which means sudden drop in

20、 temperature and great temperature differencebetween day and night.First frost doesnt mean frost,but it means that the temperature drops suddenly and thetemperature difference between day and night is large.Custom：Appreciate the chrysanthemum and climb the mountain to overlook the reward for cultiva

21、ting cattle.Start of Winter is the first solar term of winter,representing the beginning of winter,the beginning of March.Start of winter,Start of Spring,Start of summer and Start of autumn are called the four Li.Spring planting,summercultivation,autumn harvest,winter collection,all things inspring,

22、grow in summer,harvest in autumn,in winter into the state of rest.Start of winter,which means that anger begins to close storage,all things into the state of recuperation,collection,vegetation wither,insects hibernate.Such as filial piety Jingwei said:bucket refers to dry,for the start ofwinter,wint

23、er,the end,all things are collected.The Start of winter is one of the Four hours andeight Days in ancient society.It is a very important festival.In some parts of China,there are customs such as ancestorworship,feasting,and making sacrifices to the ancestorsspirits with seasonal delicacies,so as to

24、fulfill the obligationsand responsibilities of peoples descendants and pray for agood harvest from heaven.In the north of China,there is a custom of eatingdumplings during the Start of Winter,to improve your life on this day.In the north,it is customary to eat dumplings at the start of winter.Becaus

25、e dumplings are shaped like ears,people believe that if they eat them,their ears will not get cold in winter.In addition,dumplings homonym Jiaozi,meaning the start of winter is the end of autumn and winter.BeginningofWinterFilial piety Jingwei said:(Start of winter)after 15 days,Dou refers to Hai,fo

26、r light snow.Heaven andearth deposit Yin,temperature is rain,cold is snow.When the words are small,the cold is not deep and the snow is not big.The Light snow solar term is a climatic concept,which represents the climatic characteristics duringthe light snow solar term.Climate elements include preci

27、pitation,temperature,light and so on,among whichprecipitation is an important element of climate.Light snow is a solar term reflecting the changing trend oftemperature and precipitation.Meteorological rain,snow,hail and other water vapor condensation from the sky to the ground,are called precipitati

28、on.The name of light snow,because snow is the product of cold weather,the climate during this solar term is not deep and the precipitation is not heavy,so light snow is used to compare the climate characteristics during this solar term.The arrival of Light snow means that the weather is getting cold

29、erand colder,and the precipitation is increasing.As the saying goes,Pickle vegetables in light snow,and pickle meat in heavy snow.The customs oflight snow include salted vegetables,glutinous rice cake tasting,dried fish drying,eating planing soup,brewinglight snow wine,etc.Pickled vegetable with lit

30、tle snow,mainly pickled vegetable in north China.In some parts of the south,there is the custom of eating ciba around light snow.It is a custom of the Tujia people to eat gougang,a delicacy cooked with fresh pork.Light snow wine is in light snow,with new grain wine,the so-called Octoberrice,for this

31、 spring wine,to the eyebrow longevity.Minor Snow小雪Heavy SnowHeavy snow is the 21st solar term in the 24 solar terms and the third solar term in winter.Douyi,the sun reaches the yellow longitude 255 degrees,intersection time for the Gregorian calendar December 6-8.Heavy Snow is the beginning of the G

32、anzhi lunar month,marking the official start of midwinter.Heavy snow is a solar term that reflects the climate characteristics.Heavy snow is characterized by a significant drop in temperature and an increase in precipitation.Pickled meat,snowball fights,snow scenery,nourishment are all the customs o

33、f heavy snow.There is a saying in old Nanjing that goes,Pickle vegetables in light snow and pickle meat in heavy snow.At thistime,every door,the window sill will hang pickled meat,sausage,salted fish and other pickled products,theformation of a beautiful scenery.If it snows heavily at this time,peop

34、le will be keen to have snowball fights and enjoy the snow scenery in the ice and snow.The Winter Solstice,with both natural andcultural connotations,is not only an important solar term among the 24 solar terms,but also a traditional Chinese folk festival.There is a saying that Winter Solstice is as

35、 big as a year.Since the winter solstice,the height ofthe sun rises and the day increases day by day.Thewinter solstice marks the rebirth of the sun and themovement of the sun into a new cycle.Therefore,the ancient people regarded the winter solstice as the day of good luck.In southern China,there i

36、s a custom of offering sacrifices to ancestors and feasting on Winter solstice.In northern China,there is a custom of eating dumplings on the Winter Solstice every year.On this day,although the sun is low and the days are short,the temperature of winter solstice is not thelowest in meteorological te

37、rms.In fact,due toaccumulated heat on the surface,it is usually not very cold before the winter solstice.The real cold comes after the winter solstice.Due to the wide difference in climate across China,this climatic significance of winter isobviously late for most parts of China.The wintersolstice m

38、arks the beginning of the cold season,from which the folk began to count the cold days冬至Winter Solstice小寒 Minor ColdMinor Cold is the 23rd solar term in the 24 solar terms and the 5th solar term in winter.It is the end of the Ganzhi lunar month and the beginning of the Chou Lunar month.Bucket finger

39、;The longitude of the sun is 285。;In the Gregorian calendar January 5-7 festival.Cold airaccumulates for a long time,and Minor cold means that the weather is cold but not to the extreme.Like Major Cold,Minor Heat,Major Heat and End of Heat,Minor Cold is a solar term indicating the change oftemperatu

40、re.Minor Cold is characterized by cold,but not extreme cold.Minor Cold marks the official beginning of winter.Cold airaccumulates for a long time.Minor cold means the weather is cold,but not to the extreme.The name of the minor cold solar term by,theseventy-two pentons of the month explained:Decembe

41、r section,the beginning of the cold is small,so the cloud,the half of the month is big.Minor Cold refers to the accumulation of cold air and cold,which means that the weather is cold but not to the extreme.Like Major Cold,Minor Heat,Major Heat and End of Heat,Minor Cold is a solar term indicating th

42、e change of temperature.After the winter solstice,cold air frequently moves south and the temperature continues to drop.The temperature drops to the lowest point during the minor Cold and Major Cold of theyear.Minor Cold in the second and third nine days,the cold cold to shake enough to explain the

43、degree of cold.The Big Cold at the end of the year,winter to spring,once the big coldpassed,and began a new cycle.Insome parts of China,there are manyimportant folk customs during theperiod from Major Cold to the start ofspring,such as eliminating the old and replacing the new,making preservedfood,o

44、ffering sacrifices to stoves and tail teeth.Tail tooth sacrifice,alsoknown as making teeth,making teeth sacrifice and so on,there is a folkcustom of the whole family sittingtogether after the tooth sacrifice eating tail teeth.The popular annual meeting at the end of the New Year is a relic of the ta

45、il tooth Festival.Major Cold is the last solar term among the 24 solar terms.Bucket refers to the ugly;The suns longitudereaches 300。;In theGregorian calendar everyyear on January 20 aroundthe festival.Major Cold,like Minor Cold,is a solar termthat indicates how cold theweather is.Major Cold means t

46、he weather is extremely cold.Major Cold is the coldestperiod of the year during the period of March 9th and 49 th,when cold waves movesouthward frequently.大寒Major ColdIn 2016,the 24 solar terms were included in the UNESCOs Representative List of the Intangible Culture Heritage of Humanity.2016年,二十四节

47、气被正式列 入联合国教科文组织人类非 物质文化遗产代表作名录,In ancient times,this system not only guided agriculture production,instructing farmers to expect the changes in temperature,spring planting and autumn harvest but also directed Chinese folk customs.This ancient time system has gained new charm and vitality in the new era.The wisdom and creativity of the Chinese,who respect and live in harmony with nature.It has a profound impact on the way people think and their codes of conduct.