theArtTechnologyinOperations(运营管理,英文版9161.pptx

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1、Transparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-1?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Operations ManagementState of the Art Technology in OperationsChapter 7sTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render

2、)7s-2?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458OutlineDesign TechnologyComputer Aided Design(CAD)Standard for the Exchange of Product Data(STEP)Computer Aided Manufacturing(CAM)Virtual Reality TechnologyTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(H

3、eizer&Render)7s-3?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Outline-continuedProduction TechnologyNumerical ControlProcess ControlVision SystemsRobotsAutomated Storage and Retrieval Systems(ASRSs)Automated Guided VehiclesFlexible Manufacturing Systems(FMS)Computer

4、 Integrated Manufacturing(CIM)Transparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-4?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Outline-continuedTechnology in ServicesInformation Sciences in OperationsTransaction ProcessingManagement Informat

5、ion SystemsThe InternetArtificial IntelligenceManaging Technology in a Global EnvironmentTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-5?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Learning ObjectivesIdentify and define terms related to

6、 the use of technology in operationsExplain the uses of technology in operationsTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-6?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Design TechnologyComputer-Aided Design(CAD)Refers to the use of

7、computers to interactively design products and prepare engineering documentationExtensions:Design for Manufacture and Assembly(DFMA)-enables testing of design integration before manufacturing3-D Object Modeling-enables the building of small models of the productTransparency Masters to accompany Oper

8、ations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-7?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Design TechnologyStandard for the Exchange of Product Data(STEP)Standard for exchange of CAD dataIncludes 3-D CAD dataEnhances collaboration using talent wherever it is in the world

9、reducing design lead time and development cost.Transparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-8?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Design TechnologyComputer-Aided Manufacturing(CAM)Refers to the use of specialized computer progr

10、ams to direct and control manufacturing equipmentTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-9?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Design TechnologyBenefits of CAD and CAMProduct qualityShorter design timeProduction cost reduc

11、tionsDatabase availabilityNew range of capabilitiesTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-10?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Design TechnologyVirtual RealityEnables creation of a 搗irtual modelHelps test integration of

12、 designEnables user to 搕ry product?before manufacturingTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-11?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Production TechnologyNumerically controlled machinesNumerical controlComputer numerical

13、controlDirect numerical controlProcess controlVision systemsRobotsAutomated storage and retrieval systemsAutomated guided vehiclesFlexible manufacturing systemsComputer integrated manufacturingTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-12?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A

14、Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Production TechnologyNumerical ControlNumerical control(NC)-machine can be controlled electronicallyComputer Numerically Controlled(CNC)-machine actually has its own microprocessor and memoryDirect Numerical Control(DNC)-wired to a central computerTr

15、ansparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-13?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Production TechnologyProcess Control-OperationSensors,often analog devices,collect dataAnalog devices read data on some periodic basis,perhaps on

16、ce a minute or once a secondMeasurements are translated into digital signals,and transmitted to a digital computerComputer programs read the file(the digital data)and analyze the dataOutput may be a:message on printer or console,signal to a motor to change a value setting,warning light or horn,proce

17、ss control chart,etc.Transparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-14?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Production TechnologyVision SystemsCombine video and computer technology Often used in inspection rolesConsistently accura

18、te,do not become bored,of modest costTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-15?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Machines that hold,move,or grasp itemsPerform monotonous or dangerous tasksUsed when speed,accuracy,or str

19、ength are needed?1984-1994 T/Maker Co.Production TechnologyRobotsTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-16?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Types of RobotsLarge articulated robotCartesian(rectilinear)Spherical(polar)Cy

20、lindricalArticulated(revolute,jointed,anthropomorphic)Transparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-17?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Production TechnologyAutomated Storage and Retrieval System(ASRS)Provide for automatic pl

21、acement and withdrawal of parts and products into and from designated places in a warehouse.Transparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-18?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Material handling machinesUsed to move parts&equipm

22、ent in manufacturingMay be used to deliver mail&meals in service facilities?1984-1994 T/Maker Co.Production TechnologyAutomatic Guided Vehicles(AGV)Transparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-19?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.

23、07458Using automated machines(DNC)&materials handling equipment togetherOften connected to centralized computerAlso called automated work cellProduction TechnologyFlexible Manufacturing Systems(FMS)Transparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-20?1998 by Prentice Hall,I

24、nc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Production TechnologyFMS-Pros&ConsAdvantagesFaster,lower-cost changes from one part to anotherLower direct labor costsReduced inventoryConsistent,and perhaps better qualityDisadvantagesLimited ability to adapt to product or product mix changesRe

25、quires substantial preplanning and capital expendituresTechnological problems of exact component positioning and precise timingTooling and fixture requirementsTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-21?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle

26、 River,N.J.07458Production TechnologyFlexible Manufacturing Systems11101001000100001000001000000101001000GeneralpurposeWork cellsFlexibleManufacturingSystemCIMFocusedautomationDedicatedautomationVolumeProductsTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-22?1998 by Pren

27、tice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Manufacturing system that combines CAM with engineering(CAD),&production&inventory controlComputer-aided design(CAD)creates code to run DNC machinesCAM CAM Production TechnologyComputer Integrated Manufacturing(CIM)Transparency Master

28、s to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-23?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Equipment Options and UtilizationGeneral purpose machinesNumerical controlled machinesAutomated tool changingComputer numerical controlDirect numerical controlRob

29、ots,AVG抯抯Computer integrated manufacturingFlexibleManufacturingSystemsInformationSciencesTypicalEquipmentUtilization5%-25%20%-75%70%-90%Transparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-24?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Use of

30、Information Technology at North American Manufacturing Plants020406080Computer Aided DesignBar CodingIndustrial ComputersComputer Numerical Control(CNC)Electronic Data Interchange(EDI)RoboticsAutomated Materials Handling(AGVs)Automated Storage&Retrieval System(ASRS)7272625440282420Plants with at lea

31、st moderate experience(%)Transparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-25?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458Technology Impacts ServicesFinancial servicesEducationUtilities and governmentRestaurant and foodsCommunicationsHotels

32、Wholesale/retail tradeTransportationHealth careAirlinesTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-26?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458DSS,MIS,and Transaction Processing in POMManufacturing controlDistribution controlProcur

33、ement controlMaterials consumptionMaterials controlMachine utilizationLabor reportingIn process inventoryShop floor reportingWorkorder processingRaw materialsWarehouse receivingMaintenance parts inventoryMachine historyInventory statusBackordersVendor historyLead timeSchedulingReceiving reportsProcu

34、rementPurchase ordersQuotesVendor evaluationOrder fillingInventory statusFinished goods requirementsQualityReworkQuality controlCustom specificationTransaction processing systems(provide information reporting,data collection,and information transmittal)Transparency Masters to accompany Operations Ma

35、nagement,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-27?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458DSS,MIS and Transaction Processing in POMManufacturing,distribution,and procurement planningDSSManufacturingcontrolDistributioncontrolProcurementcontrolShopfloorreportingQualityOrderfillingW

36、orkorderprocessingRawmaterialsProcurementWarehousereceivingMISTransactionprocessingsystemTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-28?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458MIS&Transaction Processing in OMManufacturing and Mate

37、rial ManagementManufacturing ControlMaterial ControlQualityProcurementShop floor reportingShop work ordersInventoryWarehouse receivingMISTransaction processingTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-29?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle

38、 River,N.J.07458Expert SystemsMake decisions faster than the expertDerive the benefits of having an expert at their disposal without having the expert presentEqual and surpass,at least in terms of consistency,the human expertFree the human expert for other workCan be disseminated to numerous nonexpe

39、rts for education and trainingTransparency Masters to accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-30?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458How an Expert Scheduling System WorksProcessDatabaseSpecific facts describing present status of operationsInferen

40、ce EngineDetermine rules to use in what sequence to respond to a requestKnowledge BaseGeneral rules for classifying,obtained from expertsInformation from factory floorExpert onSchedulingHeuristicsModelsOperatingManagerRequests forschedulesAdvice,explanationspossible schedulesTransparency Masters to

41、accompany Operations Management,5E(Heizer&Render)7s-31?1998 by Prentice Hall,Inc.A Simon&Schuster CompanyUpper Saddle River,N.J.07458To Gain Competitive Advantage Through TechnologyHave a strategic visionPlan for a distant time horizonHave a focused product line and know your product and customerTie strong internal technical capabilities to your strategyBuild learning organizations that can effectively implement the changes necessary for constructive use of technology