(完整word版)教科版八年级物理.pdf
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1、教科版八年级物理1/7 教科版八年级物理质量教学设计教材依据教育科学出版社八年级物理上册第六章第一节【教学目标】一、知识目标1.初步认识质量的概念,知道质量的单位及其换算关系。2.知道质量是物体本身的一种属性,它不随物体的位置、状态、形状的变化而变化。3.了解常见的测量质量的工具和托盘天平的构造及托盘天平的使用方法。二、能力目标培养观察、对比、分析、归纳等能力。三、情感目标1.通过介绍神舟下来、系列载人飞船,对学生进行爱国主义教育,激发学生的民族自豪感。2.通过了解质量知识的广泛应用,培养学生学习物理的兴趣。【教学重点】1.质量的概念。2.质量的单位和换算。3.托盘天平的构造及托盘天平的使用方
2、法。【教学难点】第 1 页,共 7 页教科版八年级物理2/7 质量是物体一个基本属性,与物体的状态、形状、所处的空间位置变化无关【教学用具】托盘天平和砝码多套,多媒体课件,小铁块。【教学过程】一、创设情境,引人新课铁锤、铁钉、桌子、椅子这些物体分别由哪些物质组成?点明:所有物体都是由物质组成的。二、联系生活,学习新知(一)巧妙设问,直奔重点-学习质量的概念。课件显示铁锤、铁钉、桌子、椅子图片1.这些物体都是由哪些物质组成的?2.它们所含物质的多少是否一样?引导学生观察,归纳得出:a.铁锤比铁钉含铁多;b.桌子比椅子含木材多。讲解:由此我们知道组成物体的物质有多有少。物理学中把物体所含物质的多少
3、叫做物体的质量。(二)合作探究,再奔重点-学习质量的单位1请学生自学书本有关质量单位的内容思考:质量有哪些单位呢?符号各是什么?它们之间是怎样换算关系?第 2 页,共 7 页文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J
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5、8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J
6、1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q
7、8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J
8、1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q
9、8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1文档编码:CC9Z3T3J1F4 HJ9C1Y8Z1P6 ZR2Q8O1M5T1教科版八年级物理3/7 2学生自主探究,同伴合作3师生互动,交流反馈4简介国际千克原器(底面直径和柱高均为39 mm 的铂铱合金圆柱体,它的质量是kg的标准)5感知常见物品,加深了解过渡
10、:对于质量单位,和我们的生活联系非常紧密,很多商品上都标出了质量值鼓励学生多观察,做生活的有心人a出示大米包装袋及方便面b请同学们看书上图7-5 的图片和 信息窗(质量阶梯)内容6练习5 t=-kg 50 kg=-g lo g=-mg 50 mg=-g (三)质量的测量 天平(1)介绍常用测质量的器具讲解:日常生活中买粮、买菜,称出的都是货物的质量。请学生看课本图 72“常见的测质量的器具”。提问:谁能说出每种工具的主要优点?台秤、案秤使用方便;杆秤携带方便;电子秤能自动显示质量的价格。教师出示:托盘天平和物理天平,介绍学校实验室与工厂化验室常用天平称质量。第 3 页,共 7 页文档编码:CZ
11、10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5
12、S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 H
13、Y6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5
14、N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 Z
15、Z5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F1
16、0P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文
17、档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9教科版八年级物理4/7(2)托盘天平的构造及使用方法讲解:由于托盘天平使用较简便,先学习托盘天平的用法。(a)托盘天平的构造让学生将课桌上的托盘天平与课本图73 对照,认识托盘天平主
18、要部件的名称。请一位学生上讲台利用托盘天平的实物说明托盘天平各主要部件的名称。(b)天平标尺的零刻线、最大秤量值、最小刻度值讲解:使用有刻度的工具,要先观察零刻线在哪里?量程多大?最小刻度值多大?让学生观察课桌上的托盘天平,然后汇报上述三个问题的结果。学生汇报,教师指出:由于标尺上零刻线在左边,游码放在标尺的零刻线处时,是游码的左边与“0”对齐,因此游码读数时以左边的线为准;天平的量程即最大秤量值就是这台天平配套砝码盒内砝码的总数加游码最大的读数所表示的质量;最小刻度值就是标尺上每小格表示的质量数。(c)托盘天平的调节讲解:托盘天平是较精密的称质量工具,使用前要先调节,先把游码放在零刻线处,再
19、调节横梁平衡。教师边讲边示范,教师调一步,学生跟着调一步。教师指出:由常见跷跷板的道理知道,指针偏左,右边平衡螺母向右调;指针偏右,右边平衡螺母向左调;第 4 页,共 7 页文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编
20、码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10
21、O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4
22、N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6
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24、R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5U2F10P8H9文档编码:CZ10O6P5S4N7 HY6J6Z5N8R6 ZZ5
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