地史学总论期末重点总结.pdf

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1、学习必备欢迎下载名词解释：地史学：地史学也称历史地质学，是研究地球地质历史及其发展规律的科学。（研究地球的起源和演化）标准化石：一般指那些数量多、分布广、演化快、特征显著、在地史中延续时间短且易于保存和辨认的生物所形成的化石。他们可以用于确定相对地质年代。地层叠覆律：未经变动的地层，年代较老的必在下，年代较新的叠覆于上。生物层序律：不同时代的地层含有不同的化石，含有相同化石的地层时代相同沉积相：形成于特定古沉积环境的一套有规律的岩石特征和古生物特征的组合。沉积相在空间上的横向变化称为相变。瓦尔特相律：只有那些目前可以观察到的彼此相邻的相和相区，才能原生地重叠在一起。沉积环境:一个具有独特的物理

2、、化学和生物特征的自然地理单元相标志：反应沉积记录成因的物理的、化学的、生物的等各种标志的总和。（物理相标志：岩性，层面构造，层理构造，软沉积物变形构造）（岩性包括颜色原生色次生色，成分，结构；层面构造包括波痕，侵蚀构造和暴露标志；重要的层理构造有交错层理，水平交错层理等等）岩层：成层岩石学习必备欢迎下载地层：各种层状岩石的统称.包括所有的沉积岩,部分火成岩和变质岩.地层学:研究层状岩石形成的先后顺序、地质年代、时空分布规律(狭义)和形成环境条件及其物理、化学性质的地质学分支学科.她的核心目标就是建立地球科学的时间坐标。原始水平律:地层沉积时是近于水平的，而且所有的地层都是平行于这个水平面的(

3、水平摆放).原始侧向连续律:地层在大区域甚至全球范围内是连续的，或者延伸到一定的距离逐渐尖灭(侧向连续)。沉积接触:年轻的沉积盖层直接覆盖在较古老的岩浆岩或深变质岩上,年轻沉积盖层的底部常含下覆岩石的成分或砾石.侵入接触:年轻的岩浆侵入到较古老的地层中,年轻岩体的边缘常含来源于地层的捕虏体,地层与岩体的交界部位常受到不同程度的烘烤.交切关系原理：被交切的地质体总是老于交切它的地质体或地质构造。包含物原理：含有包含物的地质体的年龄总是年轻与他的包含物地质体的年龄。地层划分：根据地层的特征和属性（如岩性、化石和不整合面等）将地层组织成相应的单位。地层对比：表示地层特征或地层位置是否相当。根据所强调

4、的侧重点的不同，有不同种类的对比文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P

5、1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5

6、R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7

7、X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X

8、6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4

9、F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4

10、A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7学习必备欢迎下载岩石地层单位：由岩性、岩相或变质程度均一的岩石构成的地层体，即以岩性岩相为主要依据而划分的地层单位。分级：群、组、段、层。组：组是基本的岩石地层单位,具有相对一致的岩性、岩相和变质程度，且具有一定结构类型的地层体。（

11、建组条件见后）群：通常是组的联合。联合原则：岩性的相近；成因的相关；结构类型的相似等。群的顶底界线一般为不整合面或明显的沉积间断面。常用于前寒武系和中生代陆相地层段：组的再分。分段的原则：组内岩性的差别；组内结构的差别；地层成因的不同等。段的顶底界线一般是标志明显的整合界线。层：层有两种类型：一是岩性或结构相同或相近的岩层组合，可以用于剖面研究时的分层。二是岩性特殊、标志明显的岩层或矿层。延限带：指任一生物分类单位在其整个延续范围之内所代表的地层体。（包括两种）间隔带：两个特定生物面之间的含化石地层。组合带：指所含化石或其中某类化石，从整体看来，构成一个自然地组合，并以此区别于相邻地层的生物组

12、合。顶峰带（富集带）：以某个特有分类单元或一组特定分类单元的丰度明显高于相邻地层丰度的地层体年代地层单位：年代地层单位指以地层的形成时限（或地质时代）为依据而划分的地层单位。它代表了地质历史时期某一时间片断内形成的所有地层体。文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7

13、X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X

14、6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4

15、F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4

16、A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T

17、4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:C

18、D4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7学习必备欢迎下载层型是已经命名的成层地

19、层单位或地层界线的原来或是后来指定的参考标准(即典型剖面)。层型是指特定岩层序列中一个特定间隔或一个特定点，它构成了该地层单位或被确定的地层界线的定义和特征说明的标准。（层型主要包括：单位层型；界线层型；复合层型）层型剖面:一个已经命名的地层单位或其界线的原始的（或后来厘定的）典型剖面。单位层型:作为说明和识别一个地层单位的标准。单位层型的上限和下限是它的界线层型(地层单位的典型剖面).界线层型:给定义和识别一个地层界线作标准用的一个特殊岩层序列中的一个特殊的点(标定年代地层单位界线的一个特殊的点）。复合层型：若干层型联合而成。海侵（海进）：由于地壳下降或海平面上升，使海岸线不断向大陆方向退却

20、的现象.超覆：由于海侵使得沉积盆地范围不断扩大，后期形成的沉积层超越其下伏的较老的沉积层而盖在更老的地层之上的现象。超出的部分即超覆区海进序列：由持续海侵超覆形成的下粗上细的沉积序列海退 由于大陆上升或海平面下降，使海水从大陆撤退的现象退覆：由海退造成的地层分布范围不断缩小的现象海退序列：由持续海退形成的沉积物纵向上的下细上粗的沉积序列文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4

21、F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4

22、A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T

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24、D4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 H

25、Q4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY

26、5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码

27、:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7学习必备欢迎下载沉积物厚度-相分析的有关概念：补偿：沉积基盘的下降速度等于沉积物的堆积速度时，水深不变，岩相不变。非补偿：沉积基盘下降速度大，物质供应不足，水深变大，表现为海进序列。这类盆地也称饥饿盆地。超补偿：沉积基盘下降慢，物质供应多，水体变浅，表现为海退。磨拉石沉积组合：以陆相的山麓山间粗碎屑沉积为主体的活动类型得沉积组合。复理石：以深海半深海浊流沉积为主体的、活动类型得沉积组合。反应的是海洋环境。鲍马序列：浊积岩的每一个单元（即一次阵发性泥沙密度流形成的沉积），往往下部物质较粗，有时含有砾石，如含砾砂岩等，向上物

28、质变细，顶部常为泥岩、泥灰岩；下部常形成递变层理，向上逐渐变为微细水平层理，最上变为不甚清晰层理。A.H.鲍马曾归纳出浊积岩的沉积序列，称鲍马序列，但由于顶部往往被后期密度流所冲刷，事实上很少存在完整的序列。地台（platform):具有平整沉积盖层的稳定大地构造单元，通常由基底和盖层两部分组成，其间为大型的角度不整合面。地盾：地台上缺失沉积盖层，变质基底直接出露地表的部分。地槽:以发育巨厚海相沉积为主的活动大地构造单元.板块构造:地球表面是由为数不多,大小不等的岩石圈板状体拼合而成的.这些板状体(板块)相对于赤道或地极可发生大规模的横向文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K

29、3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7

30、文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10

31、I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S

32、8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1

33、B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R

34、10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X

35、4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7学习必备欢迎下载水平位移.板块之间通常以大洋中脊、海沟、转换断层、大陆裂谷和褶皱带等为边界.板块间的离合碰撞及其相关地质现象主要发生在板块的边缘.构造旋回：构造作用在时间上的重现,这种重现通常会在大区域甚至全球范围影响造山作用、海水进退、沉积作用、岩浆活动、变质作用、生物演化等方面。构造阶段：发生构造旋回所经历的地质时

36、间重点：地史学研究内容：1、地层学主要任务是对出露地表的层状岩层（含生物化石或同位素年龄）形成的先后顺序进行划分、对比，确定地质时代，进而建立其地质系统。2、沉积古地理学分析和确定地层形成的古地理环境和时空分布特征，恢复地史中的海陆分布，海平面的升降和古气候与古环境的演变。3、历史大地构造学研究地层的沉积和岩石组合时空分布特征、动植物群生物分区性质以及古地磁研究指示的古纬度位置，再造古大陆和古海洋分布格局，探讨古板块漂移分合历史，岩石圈构造演化和地球动力学之间的关系。（沉积发展史，生物演化史，构造运动史）地层的沉积方式：纵向堆积作用、横向堆积作用、生物筑积作用、沉积旋回作用（生物筑积作用：主要

37、是造礁生物的生长速度与海平面文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B

38、7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R1

39、0I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4

40、S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P

41、1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5

42、R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7

43、X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7学习必备欢迎下载升降之间的不同情况引起的。）遗迹化石的意义和价值：1 重建古环境.2 重建生物古群落.3 了解生物的起源和演化，特别是后生动物。4 地层关系（划分和对比）垂向加积作用：垂向加积是指沉积物在地球重力场的作用下从沉积介质(水

44、体)中自上而下降落，依次沉积在沉积盆地底部的沉积作用。形成“千层糕式”的地层。地层特征：岩性界面一般是水平或近于水平的;时间界面与岩性界面是平行或基本平行的.（等时或者基本等时的）环境分布:较深水海洋盆地、湖盆（深湖）,泛滥平原（河流），大气中的降尘作用。侧向加积作用：侧向加积是指沉积物在搬运介质中沿水平方向的位移和堆积作用。如曲流河河道侧向迁移形成的侧向加积作用、河流作用为主的三角洲与海滩、障壁沙坝的进积作用以及滨岸沉积的退积作用等。地层特征：地层时间界面和岩性界面不一致或斜交。穿时普遍性原理：在所有侧向堆积作用过程中形成的岩石地层必然是穿时的。生物沉积作用：指造架生物原地筑积而形成地层的作

45、用方式生物礁。地层特征：地层一般呈丘状隆起，岩层多具块状构造。在形式上，可以表现为侧向加积或垂向加积。文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编

46、码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E

47、4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3

48、 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文

49、档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I3E4 HQ4A7X4S8K3 ZY5T4X6P1B7文档编码:CD4F5R10I

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