电子课本人教版英语选修第四册【高清教材】.pdf

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1、普通高中课程标准教科书普通高中教科书选择性必修英语第四册YINGYUPUTONG GAOZHONG JIAOKESHU选择性必修第四册英语绿 色 印 刷 产 品 绿 色 印 刷 产 品 定价：元1230-ok人教教材封面 高中英语 选择性必修4.indd 11230-ok人教教材封面 高中英语 选择性必修4.indd 12020/12/30 下午4:302020/12/30 下午4:30第四册选择性必修普通高中教科书英语北京人民教育出版社 课程教材研究所英 语 课 程 教 材 研 究 开 发 中 心圣智学习集团（中国）（美国）编著ENGLISH普通高中教科书 英语 选择性必修 第四册（中国）人

2、民教育出版社 课程教材研究所英 语 课 程 教 材 研 究 开 发 中 心编著（美国）圣智学习集团出 版 （北京市海淀区中关村南大街 17 号院 1 号楼 邮编：100081）网 址 http:/重 印 出版社发 行 新华书店印 刷 印刷厂版 次 2020 年 8 月第 1 版 印 次 年 月第 次印刷开 本 890 毫米 1240 毫米 1/16印 张 8字 数 220 千字书 号 ISBN978-7-107-35096-2定 价 9.30 元定价批号：号 版权所有未经许可不得采用任何方式擅自复制或使用本产品任何部分违者必究如发现内容质量问题，请登录中小学教材意见反馈平台：如发现印、装质量问

3、题，影响阅读，请与 联系调换。电话：-主 编：刘道义 郑旺全副 主 编：吴 欣 张献臣编写人员：Patrick Wallace Tim Gibbs Simon McCue Jacqueline Eu 陆锡钦 辜翔宇 生 平 常 贞责任编辑：陆锡钦 辜翔宇 马小洁美术编辑：胡白珂普通高中教科书 英语是为了适应新时代的发展需要，依据普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版）的精神，充分征求广大师生的反馈意见，在普通高中课程标准实验教科书 英语的基础上精心修订而成。此次教材修订的主要目的是：全面落实立德树人根本任务，培育社会主义核心价值观，弘扬中华优秀文化，充分体现英语课程工具性和人文性的统一，发展学生的

4、语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力等英语学科核心素养，充分体现英语学科特殊的育人价值，培养具有中国情怀、国际视野和跨文化沟通能力的社会主义建设者和接班人。修订后的教材主要具有以下特点：注重思想引领 教材融入了社会主义核心价值观的基本内容和要求，注重培养学生良好的政治素质、道德品质和健全人格，弘扬中华优秀文化，增强文化自信，引导学生形成正确的世界观、人生观和价值观。反映时代要求 教材充分反映当代社会发展新变化、科技进步新成果，展示新时代中国特色社会主义新成就，将先进的教育思想和理念融入教材之中，同时紧密结合学生的学习和生活实际，关注信息化环境下学生的发展需求。强调语言实践 教材以英语学习活动

5、观为指导，以主题为引领，以语篇为依托，通过板块式设计将语言知识与听、说、读、看、写等技能有机整合，强调学习过程和学习策略，突出活动目标，让学生用语言做事情，在实践中培养语言运用能力和创新思维。突出文化意识 教材通过展示多姿多彩的中外文化来培养学生对中华文化的认同和传承，加深对人类优秀文化的学习和鉴赏；通过让学生分析中外文化异同，发展其多元思维和批判性思维，增强学生跨文化理解和跨文化沟通能力，构建人类命运共同体意识。激发学习动机 教材以真实性、趣味性、规范性和经典性作为内容选编原则，主题覆盖面广，语篇题材和体裁丰富，活动呈现形式多样，版式设计生动活泼且富有美感，力求激发学生的学习兴趣和动机，引发

6、他们积极思考、主动参与语言实践活动，提升英语学习效率。满足不同需求 教材编排内容和活动设计既充分考虑学生的共同基础，又兼顾学生不同的能力水平和学习需求，提供了拓展性的教学内容，为教师灵活使用教材进行教学提供了便利，也切实促进学生的个性发展。本套教材为高中英语教学提供了丰富的教学资源。希望教材能够帮助同学们打下坚实的语言基础，提高英语水平，获得全面发展；同时也希望老师们能够充分利用教材，在实践中不断完善教学，取得良好的教学效果。编者2019年4月前 言CONTENTSReadingListening Unit 1 p.61Unit 2 p.68Unit 3 p.75Unit 4 p.82Unit

7、 5 p.89Satisfaction GuaranteedCompare and contrastThe Time MachineJourney to the Centre of the EarthA Travel Blog Take notesThe Amazing Animals of AustraliaWhats Cooking in Australia?Volunteering in the Bush Adjust reading speedChinas Aid to Other CountriesThe Worlds Most Useful GiftsWorking Out Wha

8、t You Want to DoUse charts and graphsSummer Camp Helpers WantedDoes Practice Really Make Perfect?Reaching Out Across the SeaIdentify essay typesOpinions on Sea ExplorationA Sea of PlasticRobots and AIListen for discourse markersThe EvosWhat best representsNew Zealand Sum upAttractions of Cape TownWh

9、ale watching campListen for sequenceInterviewing the shark expertStudent volunteering options Recognise examplesA volunteering organisationChoose a university major Identify referencesHigh school counsellingp.1p.13p.25p.37p.49ThemeWORKBOOKUNIT 1SCIENCE FICTIONUNIT 2ICONICATTRACTIONSUNIT 3SEAEXPLORAT

10、IONUNIT 4SHARINGUNIT 5LAUNCHING YOUR CAREERSpeakingWritingStructure APPENDICESNotes p.96Grammar p.102Words and Expressions in Each Unit p.106Vocabulary p.111Irregular Verbs p.117Review of the passive voiceReview of past participlesReview of long sentencesReview of phrasesReview of the infinitive*Pro

11、jectDesign a robot or an AI deviceIntroduce an iconic attraction in your city or townCreate a poster for World Oceans DayCreate a poster for volunteer workMake a speech about your future career*Video TimeMysterious Crop CirclesThe Mbantua FestivalDeep into the SeaBreaking Volunteering BoundariesA Te

12、ens Passion for His WorkA sci-fi short storyA description of an iconic animalAn argumentative essay on sea explorationA speech about Chinas aid to other countriesAn application letter and a CVChanging the topicDescribing special features of a placeExpressing sequenceMaking suggestionsPronunciation:s

13、tress Expressing choices,wishes,intentions,and opinionsTodays science fiction is tomorrows science fact.Isaac Asimov In this unit,you will 1 read famous science fiction.2 hear and talk about robots and artificial intelligence.3 write a sci-fi short story.4 explore the relationship between science an

14、d science fiction.Look and discuss1 What do you see in the picture?What things does this picture remind you of?2 Have you read any science fiction?What elements does science fiction usually include?SCIENCE FICTIONUNIT 11Explore the relationship between humans and robotsReading and Thinking1 How do r

15、obots already help humans in their lives today?What do you think a domestic robot could do for a family in the future?2 Read the story below,which was originally written by famous science fiction writer Isaac Asimov.Take notes on who these people are and their relationships to each other.SATISFACTIO

16、N GUARANTEED (Adapted)Larry Belmont worked for a company that made robots.Recently it had begun experimenting with a household robot.It was going to be tested out by Larrys wife,Claire.Claire didnt want the robot in her house,especially as her husband would be away on a business trip for three weeks

17、,but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldnt harm her or allow her to be harmed.It would be a bonus.However,when she first saw the robot,she felt alarmed.His name was Tony.He seemed more like a human than a machine.He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice,although his facial exp

18、ression never changed.On the second morning,Tony brought her breakfast and then asked her whether she needed help dressing.She felt embarrassed and quickly told him to go.Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human,and it was disturbing.One day,Claire mentioned that she didnt thin

19、k she was clever.Tony said that she must feel very unhappy to say that.Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot,but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.He always treated her with dignity.She told him how she was unhappy that he

20、r home wasnt elegant enough for Larry,who wanted to improve his social position with a bigger salary.She wasnt like Gladys Claffern,one of the richest and most powerful women around.As a favour,Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant.So Claire borrowed some

21、 library books for him to read,or rather,scan.She looked at his fingers with wonder as they turned each page.How absurd,she thought.He was just a machine.Tony gave Claire a new hairstyle and improved her makeup.As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops,he wrote out a list of things that he

22、 would need for his work on the house.Claire went downtown and bought these things.She had an appointment to paint her nails,then she went into an expensive clothes shop.The saleswoman there was rude to her,so she rang Tony and told him she was being treated badly.He spoke to the woman,who immediate

23、ly changed her attitude.Claire thanked Tony,telling him that he was a“dear”.As she turned around,there stood Gladys Claffern.How awful to be discovered by her,Claire thought.By the look on her face,Claire knew that Gladys thought they were in a relationship.After all,she knew Claires husbands name w

24、as Larry,not Tony.Although it was completely innocent,Claire felt guilty.Larry Belmont Claire Tony Gladys Claffern2UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTIONCompare and contrastSome words and phrases are often used to compare and contrast information.It is easier to understand two separate things by describing their si

25、milarities and differences.When Claire got home,she wept.Gladys was everything Claire wished to be.Tony told her she was being sensitive and was just as good as Gladys.He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.By that ti

26、me,Tony expected that the house,which was being completely transformed,would be ready.Tony worked steadily on the improvements.Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended from the ceiling,but she fell off the ladder.Even though Tony had been in the next room,he managed to catch her in time.

27、As he held her,she felt the warmth of his body.She screamed,pushed him away,and ran to her room.The night of the party arrived.The clock struck eight.The guests would be arriving soon,so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night.At that moment,Tony took her in his arms,bringing his face close

28、to hers.She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day,and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.Then the front door bell rang.5 Complete the diagram with the similarities and differences between Tony and a human being.Then use the words in the boxes to describe

29、the similarities and differences.4 Claires feelings towards Tony changed as the story developed.Review the story,and then complete the chart.6 Discuss the questions in pairs.1 Do you think it is possible for a person to love a robot?Why?2 What relationship do you think will develop between humans an

30、d robots in the future?3 How do you think this story will end?Work in groups and come up with an ending.Then listen to the rest of the story.How different is it from your ending?A human beings facial expression changes often,whereas Tonys never changes.EXAMPLEUNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION3OccasionClaire Oc

31、casionClaire 1 before he arriveddisliked him5called him a dear2 was alarmed6felt his warmth3felt embarrassed7felt being envied4 admired him8cried all nightComparisonContrastthe same as similar tosimilarly more likejust as in comparisonin the same waydifferent from butwhile whereas although howeveron

32、 the other handin contrastTonyHuman beingfacial expression changes oftenfacial expression never changessmoothhairLearning About LanguageBuild up your vocabulary1 Replace the underlined parts with words of similar meanings from the text.Rewrite the sentences if necessary.2 Match each word with the pr

33、oper definition below.3 Complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box.Then in pairs share your opinion on AI development.It would not be surprising if we found it difficult to distinguish between reality and in the future.For example,robots first appeared in sci-fi novels,but

34、now robot soldiers have already been in war.Robot experts have also built robots that can see,talk,and do other things like humans.Although a robot that looks a human than a machine could make many people a bit uncomfortable,we have to admit that it is a possibility.Sophia,currently said to be the m

35、ost advanced AI robot in the world,is a great example.She has been interviewed many times,appeared on the covers of magazines,and become the first non-human in the world to be given citizenship by a country.When it comes to games,2017 became a year in which AI defeated humans in so many games that A

36、I researchers say that it will not be long before AI can win at almost everything.So have we lost the of being the most intelligent creature?Maybe in the future,as AI becomes even more,it will become a major threat to humans.However,some people this fear.They believe if AI can handle tasks like calc

37、ulating and driving for us,we will have more time for creating,thinking,and“being human”.fascinating test out dismiss science fiction more like dignity intelligent1 We believe he is a man of absolute honesty,and trust his words completely.2 Henry told me that he was in a hurry as he had arranged to

38、see the dentist at 10:00 a.m.3 Rumours are like sharp knives,cutting ones self-respect into pieces.We should be aware of this and not spread unkind news around.4 Because of the holiday,the students were allowed to go home early.5 Whoever is charged with a crime should be presumed innocent until prov

39、en otherwise.4UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION1 incomeA money that someone is paid regularly,usually monthly,by the organisation he or she is working forB money given for work done,goods received,etc.C money paid for work or services,typically on a daily or weekly basisD extra amount of money added to somebod

40、ys wages as a reward for hard work or good performanceE money received from work,investments and so onF money paid to a professional person or organisation for advice or servicesG money paid for a journey on public transport,such as the bus,train,or taxiH money saved for a special purpose2 fee3 fare

41、4 payment5 salary6 bonus7 saving8 wageReview useful structures1 Scan the reading text and underline all the verbs in the passive voice.Then discuss with a partner why the passive voice is used.2 Complete the sentences with appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets.Then try to translate these senten

42、ces into Chinese.3 Read the introduction to a science fiction novel and complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box.explore translate discover regard represent set up recruit write get caught up connect1 What is done cannot.(undo)2 Janet chairwoman of the student union last

43、month.(elect)3 Two hundred grammes of flour should to the cake mix.(add)4 A 3,000-seat venue for the circus performance in November.(build)5 Working efficiency since this new software was adopted.(improve)6 Only one piece of carry-on luggage for each economy class passenger.(allow)7 It is a great ho

44、nour for me to to address this international AI conference.(invite)8 When I entered the room,I found that the salesmans salary at the meeting.(discuss)9 With exams being adapted into Braille,a blind senior high school student scored 630 points out of 650 in the College Entrance Examination.He is exp

45、ected to to a top university.(admit)Science fiction by many people as a mirror through which our future can be freely imagined and.The Three-Body Problem,by Chinese writer Liu Cixin,is one of those astonishing predictions about the future.The work was first published in a Chinese sci-fi magazine in

46、2006 and printed as a three-volume book in 2008.When the first volume into English by Chinese-American author Ken Liu,it attracted attention around the world,becoming the first Asian winner of the Hugo Award for Best Novel.The book many themes such as space exploration,alien contact,AI,and the futur

47、e of humans.The Three-Body Problem begins with the stories of two unrelated people,Ye Wenjie and Wang Miao.Ye to join a secret project in a remote area of China,which to contact alien life forms.In the other story,set 20 years later,Wang Miao in a popular online game called“Three Body”,in which peop

48、le live on an unknown planet with three suns.But Wang discovers it is more than a gameit uncovers a great danger threatening human existence.How are these two peoples stories?And how will their behaviour change Earths future and the civilisations of other planets?Answers to all these questions are w

49、aiting to when you go on reading.5Using Language1 Look at the pictures and discuss the questions in pairs.2 Listen to an interview and put these statements in the correct order.3 Listen to the interview again and write down the discourse markers that you hear.Make a note of how each discourse marker

50、 is used in the interview.Then compare your answers with a partner.Voice your opinions on robots and AI1 What jobs are these robots doing?What are the pros and cons of robots doing these jobs?2 What kinds of robots or AI developments do you hope for?1 The host introduces the guest,a sci-fi expert.Th