【最新】2020届山东省泰安市高三第五次模拟考试英语试题(解析版).pdf

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1、页1第2020 届山东省泰安市高三第五次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）本试卷由三个部分组成。其中，第一部分和第二部分的第一节为选择题。第二部分的第二节和第三部分为非选择题。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。3.考试结束一定时间后，通过扫描二维码查看讲解试题的视频。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分 50分)第一节(共 15小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。A Sin

2、ce it first opened after four years of construction in 1937 at a cost of$27 million，the Golden Gate Bridge has made its appearance in films and poetry.CNN Travel spent a day climbing into and ground the bridge，learning these secrets from the people who know and love it best.Why is it called the Gold

3、en Gate Bridge?It s not golden.“The Golden Gate Bridge gets its name because it spans what is called the Golden Gate Strait，”said Paolo Cosulich-Schwartz，spokesman for the Golden Gate Bridge，Highway and Transportation District，which operates the bridge.It s a three-mile-long and one-mile-wide body o

4、f water that connects the Pacific Ocean to the San Francisco Bay.What color is the bridge?It looks red.“It s not red，although you re not crazy to think so.Visitors all call it red，”said Russell.“Back in the day，the US Navy，then part of the War Department，oversaw the waterways and wanted to paint thi

5、s bridge black and yellow for high visibility，”said fellow painter Jarrod Bauer.“They ended up mixing paint to create the color International Orange，which is similar to the color of red lead，”he said.Does the bridge get entirely painted every year?No，and it doesn t need to be.It s true that the top

6、coat has been fully repainted over time with new and environmentally-improved International Orange top coats.Who performs bridge rescues?McVeigh and his fellow ironworkers，the so called“Cowboys of the Sky”，have that responsibility.McVeigh 页2第has lost count of how ma ny troubled souls he s been calle

7、d to rescue over the past 17 years.In September in 2018，the bridge started constructing a suicide(自杀)prevention system，also known as the safety net，to keep people from jumping off the Golden Gate Bridge.It s expected to be completed in 2021.1.What s the true color of the Golden Gate Bridge?A.Red.B.R

8、ed lead.C.Black and yellowD.International Orange.2.Who can probably be called a hero on the Golden Gate Bridge?A.McVeigh.B.Jarrod Bauer.C.Russell.D.Paolo.3.What can we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?A.It is safer now because of the safety net.B.It got its name because of its color.C.It took much

9、time and money to be built.D.It needs to be repainted once a year.【答案】1.D 2.A 3.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国金门大桥的情况，并通过美国有线电视新闻网旅游节目组的实地调查和采访相关人员，和读者分享了一些关于金门大桥的秘密。【1 题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They ended up mixing paint to create the color International Orange，which is similar to the color of red lead”可知，金门大桥最后被漆成国

10、际橙色，类似于red lead(铅丹)。故选 D 项。【2 题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，McVeigh 和他的搭档们一直为大桥上的安全负责，在过去的17 年里 McV eigh 也记不清挽救了多少失意想跳桥的人。因此他最有可能被称为英雄人物。故选A 项。【3 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的since it first opened after four years of constrction in 1937 at a cost of$27 million可知，金门大桥历时四年建成，耗资2700 万美元。由此可推知，金门大桥花费了很多时间和金钱才建成。故选 C 项。B Wh

11、en the young donkey Daisy May came to us，she was pregnant.With no donkey experience.I was unprepared for what might come next.页3第After some difficulty，Daisy s baby was born.I thought the poor thing was dead.I planned to put th e loss behind us and make sure she never got pregnant again.Just then，I h

12、eard a little noise.I couldn t believe that baby was breathing and looking at me!We called him Samson，and of course I became his mother as much as Daisy was.When Samson was nine months old，I had to separate Daisy and Samson for a few hours a day to wean(使断奶)him，but otherwise he went wherever she did

13、.I think she would be lost without him.His donkey stepdad Bernard taught him to always be ready to have fun.They enjoy playing football together and going for a roll on a hot summer day.I asked a worker to make a harness(马具)for my three little donkeys.When I brought it home I taught them one by one

14、how to pull a cart.Samson watched and freely followed Daisy.When he was three，I put the harnness on him and he knew exactly what to do.That was 15 years ago.Now，the most exciting thing about Samson is that he has become a little renowned.People come from all over to see him perform.The neighbors bri

15、ng their grandchildren，and my sons bring their friends.Samson shakes hands，unties my shoe，picks up a hat and more.And when I ask him if he has any bad habits，he tries to pick my pocket!He surprisingly learned these tricks himself.I just ask him to do them and he understands.The relationship I have w

16、ith my“baby”Samson has been an amazing experience.Every day is a fun day with this superstar donkey.4.Why was the author at a loss for what might happen next at first?A.She wasnt ready to be a mother.B.She never raised a donkey before.C.The donkey was pregnant by accident.D.The donkey gave birth to

17、a dead baby.5.What can we learn about Samson when he was little?A.He was surrounded by love.B.He was separated from his family.C.He was unwelcome to the neighbors.D.He was skilled in entertaining people.6.Which of the following can best describe Samson?A.Friendly and courageous.B.Intelligent and liv

18、ely.C.Carefree and creative.D.Patient and fortunate.7.What does the underlined word“renowned”in Paragraph 5 probably refer to?页4第A.Strange.B.Proud.C.Humorous.D.Famous.【答案】4.B 5.A 6.B 7.D【解析】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己照顾一头刚出生的小驴，并将其养大的经历。这头驴非常聪明，给作者带来了很多欢乐。【4 题详解】细节理解题。根据首段中的With no donkey experience，I was unprep

19、ared for what might come next可知，作者没有养驴相关的经验，所以对于怀孕的Daisy 和接下来的事情不知如何是好，完全没有准备。故选B。【5 题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中对小驴和母亲形影不离及它和Bernard 一起快乐玩耍的描述可知，Samson从小就被浓浓的爱包围。故选A。【6 题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的When he was three，I put the harness on him and he knew exactly what to do及倒数第二段的内容可知，Samson学会了很多本领，比如拉小货车、掏口袋等，而且它的表演很受欢迎，由此可

20、知，它既充满活力，又非常聪明。故选B。【7 题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段中的最后两句可知，四面八方的人们都来看它表演，说明它在当地已经小有名气了。“renowned”意思是出名的。故选D 项。C Sam is a fourth-year student at Harvard Medical School，but poetry is still a big part of his life，now with a new teacher，Rafael Campo，who believes poetry can benefit every doctor s education and work.R

21、afael is a physician，professor and a highly respected poet.“Poetry is in every encounter(邂逅)with my patients.I think healing is really in a very great way about poetry.And if we do anything when we re with our patients，we re really immersing(使沉浸于)ourselves in their stories，really hearing their voice

22、s.And，certainly，that s what a poem does，”he said.Rafael worries that something important has been lost in medicine and medical education today：humanity，which he finds in poetry.To end that，he leads a weekly reading and writing workshop for medical students and residents(住院医生).He thinks medical train

23、ing focuses too much on distancing the doctor from his or her patients，and poems can help close that gap.页5第Third-year resident Andrea Schwartz was one of the workshop regulars.She said.“I think there s no other profession other than medicine that produces as many writers as it does.And I think that

24、 is because there s just so much power in doctors and patients interacting when patients are at their saddest.”Not everyone believes that s what doctors should do，though.Rafael said，“I was afraid of how people might judge me，actually.In the medical profession，as many people know，we must always put t

25、he emergency first.But，you know，that kind of treatment，if it s happening in the hospital，very regrettably，sadly，results in a bad outcome.The family is sitting by the bedside.The patient hasn t survived the cancer.Don t we still have a role as healers there?”In a poem titled“Health”，Rafael writes of

26、the wish to live forever in a world made painless by our incurable joy.He says he will continue teaching students，helping patients and writing poems，his own brand of medicine.8.What do we know about Rafael Campo?A.He works as a doctor.B.He is under medical care.C.He is a literature professor.D.He kn

27、ows little about poetry.9.What does the author try to show in Paragraph 2?A.The importance of medical training.B.The effect of poetry in medical treatment.C.The similarity involved in poetry and medical work.D.The present relationship between patients and doctors.10.What does Andrea Schwaflz think o

28、f poetry?A.It comforts patientsfamily.B.It contributes to medical work.C.It has nothing to do with doctors.D.It keeps doctors away from patients.11.What is Rafael Campo s view on poetry?A.It requires a lot of spare time.B.It can provide a useful tool for doctors.C.It has little effect on patientscon

29、ditions.D.It should be included in emergency treatments.【答案】8.A 9.C 10.B 11.B【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。诗歌不只是文人墨客的专属，它还为前赴后继的医护人员带来内心的慰藉，它是医护页6第工作中的润滑剂，是治愈伤痛的“良药”。【8 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Rafael is a physician”可知，Rafael Campo 是一名医生。故选A 项。【9 题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Poetry is in every encounter(邂逅)with my patients(诗歌存在于我和病人的

30、每一个邂逅中)”和“that s what a poem does”由此判断出，作者想通过第二段表达诗歌和医护工作的相通之处。故选 C 项。【10 题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“And I think that is because theres just so much power in doctors and patients interacting”可知，Andrea Schwartz 认为诗歌有助于医生和病人之间的互动，医生和病患关系紧密就有助于医疗效果，由此判断出，Andrea Schwanz 认为诗歌有利于医疗工作。故选B 项。【11 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“R

31、afael Campo,who believes poetry can benefit ev ery doctors education and work Rafael Campo(Rafael Campo 认为诗歌可以让每个医生的教育和工作受益)”及最后一段中的“He says he will continue teaching students,helping patients and writing poems,his own brand of medicine.(他说他会继续教学生，帮助病人并写诗歌，诗歌是他自己的医药品牌。)”由此判断出，Rafael Campo 认为诗歌对医生来说是

32、一个有用的工具。故选B 项。D A new device works like a solar panel，except that it doesn t harvest energy from the sun.It absorbs energy from the cold night sky.A prototype(原型)of the device produced enough electricity at night to power a small light bulb.A bigger version might one day light rooms or charge phones

33、.It also could power electronics in remote or low-resource areas that lack electricity.The device makes use of the temperature difference between Earth and outer space.It then uses that difference to create electricity.As long as one side of it is cooler than the other，the generator can produce elec

34、tricity.The cooler side faces the sky and is attached to an aluminum plate.That plate is sealed beneath a transparent cover and surrounded with insulation(隔热材料)to keep out heat.The bottom of the generator is attached to an exposed aluminum plate.That plate is warmed by the local air.At night，the top

35、 plate can get a couple of degrees Celsius cooler than the bottom of the generator.Researchers tested a 20-centimeter prototype one clear December night in Stanford，California.The generator produced up to about 25 milliwatts of power per square meter of device.That was enough power to light a small

36、页7第light-emitting diode，or LED bulb.Further improvements might increase its production to at least 500 milliwatts per square meter.To do that，the system might need more insulation around the cool top plate.The device also could help power remote weather stations or other environmental devices，says A

37、aswath Raman.He is a materials scientist who worked on the device at the University of California，Los Angeles.This may be useful in polar regions that don t see sunlight for months at a time，Raman says.“If you have some low-power load and you need to power it through three months of darkness，this mi

38、ght be a way.”12.What can we know about the new device?A.It gains energy from the sun.B.It s been widely used in life.C.It is cooler than a solar panel.D.It ll be popular in special areas.13.What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 3?A.Application fields of the device.B.The developing pro

39、cess of the device.C.The working principle of the device.D.Significant effects of the device.14.How can the device produce more electricity?A.By putting more insulation around the top plate.B.By using it in extremely cold and clear nights.C.By attaching the bottom plate to a warm plate.D.By covering

40、 the top plate with a transparent lid.15.What could be a suitable title for the text?A.A Device Using the Cold Night Sky to Produce Electricity B.A Device Bringing New Hope for Those in the Cold Night C.The Difference Between a Solar Panel and a New Device D.The Temperature Difference Between Earth

41、and Outer Space【答案】12.D 13.C 14.A 15.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项最新的科研发明 反太阳能电池板，它可以从寒冷的夜空中收集能量，然后通过利用地表和远处空间的温差来产生电能。目前的研究成果是它可以成功为一只小灯泡提供电能。【12 题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句“It also could power electronics in remote or low-resource areas that lack electricity.”和最后一段的最后两句“If you have some low-power load and you nee

42、d to power it through three 页8第months of darkness，this might be a way.”可知，这种装置在一些偏远地区或缺电的地区帮助发电；另外，在极地地区数月不见阳光，这种装置可以帮助发电照明。由此可推知，这个新设备在会在一些特殊地区受欢迎。故选D 项。【13 题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段The device makes use of the temperature difference between Earth and outer space.It then uses that difference to create electri

43、city.As long as one side of it is cooler than the other，the generator can produce electricity.The cooler side faces the sky and is attached to an aluminum plate.That plate is sealed beneath a transparent cover and surrounded with insulation(隔热材料)to keep out heat.The bottom of the generator is attach

44、ed to an exposed aluminum plate.That plate is warmed by the local air.At night，the top plate can get a couple of degrees Celsius cooler than the bottom of the generator.该装置利用地球和外层空间的温差。然后它利用这种差异来发电。只要它的一边比另一边冷，发电机就能发电。较冷的一面面朝天空，与一块铝板相连。那块板被密封在一个透明的盖子下面，周围有保温材料来阻挡热量。发电机的底部连接在一块暴露的铝板上。那个盘子被当地的空气加热了。晚上

45、，顶板的温度比发电机底部的温度低几摄氏度。由此可推知第三段主要讲了这个设备发电的主要工作原理。故选C 项。【14 题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“To do that，the system might need more insulation around the cool top plate”可知，此处 To do that 是指前一句“让这装置产生更多的电量”。因此，该装置系统需要在上面的金属板四周安装更多的隔热材料才可以产生更多的电能。故选A 项。【15 题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段“A new device works like a solar panel，except that

46、it doesnt harvest energy from the sun.It absorbs energy from the cold night sky.”一种新的装置像太阳能电池板一样工作，只是它不从太阳获取能量。它从寒冷的夜空吸收能量。点明了文章主题，结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一项最新的科研发明，这种科技可以从寒冷的夜空中收集能量，然后通过利用地表和远处空间的温差来产生电能。所以短文的最佳标题为“利用寒冷的夜空发电的装置”。故选A 项。第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。F

47、ishing is a great family sport，and a fun summertime activity._16_.If you have never fished before it can seem very complicated.Expert fishers know when and where to find certain fish and the best technique to catch each fish.Expert knowledge comes from years of experience._17_.页9第As a beginner you w

48、ill want to use a technique called“Bait(鱼饵)Fishing”.This type of fishing is probably the easiest technique for catching fish.You will need some basic fishing equipment，which you can get at almost any outdoor gear store.You will have to have a rod and fishing line，hooks，some bait and if you are plann

49、ing on keeping the fish，you will need something to store the fish.The best way to learn how to fish is to learn from someone who already knows，so when planning your fishing trip，be sure to bring along someone who has fished before._18_，you will need to decide where to go fishing.Probably for the fir

50、st time you will want to go to a local lake，where the water is calm and there are plenty of fish.You should also try to research the different types of fish that live in the place you decide to fish，so you know what types of bait they like to eat and what you want to do with the fish once you have c