01-08历年大学英语六级真题阅读.docx

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1、2001年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage OneBirds that are literally half asleepwith one brain hemisphere alert and the other sleepingcontrol which side of the brain remains awake, according to a new study of sleeping ducks.Earlier studies have documented half brain

2、sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemispheres eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at onc

3、e.Decades of studies of bird flocks led researchers to predict extra alertness in the more vulnerable, end of the row sleepers. Sure enough, the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze direction.Also, birds do

4、zing (打盹)at the end of the line resorted to single hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did. Rotating 16 birds through the positions in a four duck row, the researchers found outer birds half asleep during some 32 percent of dozing time versus about 12 percent

5、for birds in internal spots.“We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness simultaneously in different regions of the brain,“ the researchers say. The results provide the best evidence for a long standing supposition that single hemisphere sleep e

6、volved as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. Hes seen it in a pair of birds dozing side by side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by a mirror. The mirror side eye closed as if the reflection were a compani

7、on and the other eye stayed open.Useful as half sleeping might be, it s only been found in birds and such water mammals (哺乳动物)as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.Studies of birds may offer uniq

8、ue insights into sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds half brain sleep is just the tip of the iceberg (冰ll)” He speculates that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species.11. A new study on birds sleep has revealed that.A) half brain sleep is found

9、in a wide variety of birdsB) half brain sleep is characterized by slow brain wavesC) birds can control their half brain sleep consciouslyD) birds seldom sleep with the whole of their brain at rest12. According to the passage, birds often half sleep because.A) they have to watch out for possible atta

10、cksB) their brain hemispheres take turns to restC) the two halves of their brain are differently structuredD) they have to constantly keep an eye on their companions13. The example of a bird sleeping in front of a mirror indicates that.A) the phenomenon of birds dozing in pairs is widespreadB) birds

11、 prefer to sleep in pairs for the sake of securityC) even an imagined companion gives the bird a sense of securityD) a single pet bird enjoys seeing its own reflection in the mirror14. While sleeping, some water mammals tend to keep half awake in order toA) alert themselves to the approaching enemyB

12、) emerge from water now and then to breatheC) be sensitive to the ever changing environmentD) avoid being swept away by rapid currents15. By “just the tip of the icebergM (Line 2, Para. 8), Siegel suggests that.A) half brain sleep has something to do with icy weatherB) the mystery of half brain slee

13、p is close to being solvedC) most birds living in cold regions tend to be half sleepersD) half brain sleep is a phenomenon that could exist among other speciesPassage TwoA nine year old schoolgirl single handedly cooks up a science fair experiment that ends up debunking (揭穿,的真相)a widely practiced me

14、dical treatment. Emily Rosa s target was a practice known as therapeutic (治疗 的)touch (TT for short), whose advocates manipulate patients uenergy fieldto make them feel better and even, say some, to cure them of various ills. Yet Emily s test shows that these energy fields can t be detected, even by

15、trained TT practitioners (行医者).Obviously mindful of the publicity value of the situation, Journal editor George Lundberg appeared on TV to declare, “Age doesnt matter. Its good science that matters, and this is good science.Emilys mother Linda Rosa, a registered nurse, has been campaigning against T

16、T for nearly a decade. Linda first thought about TT in the late 80s, when she learned it was on the approved list for continuing nursing education in Colorado. Its 100,000 trained practitioners (48,000 in the U.S.) dont even touch their patients. Instead, they waved their hands a few inches from the

17、 patients body, pushing energy fields around until theyre in balance. TT advocates say these manipulations can help heal wounds, relieve Pain and reduce fever. The claims are taken seriously enough that TT therapists are frequently hired by leading hospitals, at up to $70 an hour, to smooth patients

18、 energy, sometimes during surgery.Yet Rosa could not find any evidence that it works. To provide such proof, TT therapists would have to sit down for independent testingsomething they havent been eager to do, even though James Randi has offered more than $1 million to anyone who can demonstrate the

19、existence of a human energy field. (Hes had one taker so far. She failed.) A skeptic might conclude that TT practitioners are afraid to lay their beliefs on the line. But who could turn down an innocent fourth grader? Says Emily: I think they didnt take me very seriously because Im a kid.The experim

20、ent was straight forward: 21 TT therapists stuck their hands, palms up, through a screen. Emily held her own hand over one of theirs left or right and the practitioners had to say which hand it was. When the results were recorded, theyd done no better than they would have by simply guessing. If ther

21、e was an energy field, they couldnt feel it.16. Which of the following is evidence that TT is widely practiced?A) TT has been in existence for decades.B) Many patients were cured by therapeutic touch.C) TT therapists are often employed by leading hospitals.D) More than 100,000 people are undergoing

22、TT treatment.17. Very few TT practitioners responded to the $1 million offer because.A) they didnt take the offer seriouslyB) they didnt want to risk their careerC) they were unwilling to reveal their secretD) they thought it was not in line with their practice18. The purpose of Emily Rosas experime

23、nt was.A) to see why TT could work the way it didB) to find out how TT cured patients9 illnessesC) to test whether she could sense the human energy fieldD) to test whether a human energy field really existed19. Why did some TT practitioners agree to be the subjects of Emils experiment?A) It involved

24、 nothing more than mere guessing.B) They thought it was going to be a lot of fun.C) It was more straightforward than other experiments.D) They sensed no harm in a little girls experiment.20. What can we learn from the passage?A) Some widely accepted beliefs can be deceiving.B) Solid evidence weighs

25、more than pure theories.C) Little children can be as clever as trained TT practitioners.D) The principle of TT is too profound to understand.Passage ThreeWhat might driving on an automated highway be like? The answer depends on what kind of sys tern is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on t

26、he drawing board. The first is a special purpose lane system, in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system: fully automated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manual driven cars. A special purpose lane system would require mo

27、re extensive physical modifications to existing highways, but it promises the greatest gains in freeway (咼坯公路)capacity.Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired destination, furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reach

28、ing the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system way was in place, automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitably equipped roads. If special purpose lanes were available, the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use a special o

29、nramp (入口弓I道).As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway, devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests, the driv

30、er would then be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane. In this case, the transition from manual to auto mated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative technique could employ conventional lanes, which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver wou

31、ld steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a “transition lane. The vehicle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic. (The limitation of these lanes to automated traffic would, presumably, be well respected, because all trespassers (E法进入者)could b

32、e swiftly identified by authorities.)Either approach to joining a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic control here should allow for smooth merging without the usual uncertainties and potential for accidents. And on

33、ce a vehicle had settled into automated travel, the driver would be free to release the wheel, open the morning paper or just relax.21. We learn from the first paragraph that two systems of automated highwaysA) are being planned B) are being modified C) are now in wide use D) are under construction2

34、2. A special purpose lane system is probably advantageous in that.A) it would require only minor changes to existing highwaysB) it would achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiencyC) it has a lane for both automated and partially automated vehiclesD) it offers more lanes for automated vehicles23

35、. Which of the following is true about driving on an automated highway?A) Vehicles traveling on it are assigned different lanes according to their destinations. B) A car can join existing traffic any time in a mixed lane system.C) The driver should inform his car computer of his destination before d

36、riving onto it. D) The driver should share the automated lane with those of regular vehicles.24. We know from the passage that a car can enter a special purpose lane. A) by smoothly merging with cars on the conventional laneB) by way of a ramp with electronic control devicesC) through a specially gu

37、arded gateD) after all trespassers are identified and removed25. When driving in an automated lane, the driver.A) should harmonize with newly entering carsB) doesnt have to rely on his computer systemC) should watch out for potential accidentsD) doesnt have to hold on to the steering wheel Passage F

38、ourTaking charge of yourself involves putting to rest some very prevalent myths. At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems; to read, write and compute at certain levels; and to resolve abstract equations quickly. This vision of intel

39、ligence asserts formal education and bookish excellence as the true measures of self fulfillment. It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone who has more educational merit badges, who is very good at some fo

40、rm of school discipline is “intelligent“ Yet mental hospitals are filled with patients who have all of the properly lettered certificates. A truer indicator of intelligence is an effective, happy life lived each day and each present moment of every day.If you are happy, if you live each moment for e

41、verything its worth, then you are an intelligent person. Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness, but if you know that given your inability to resolve a particular concern you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are intelligent.

42、You are intelligent because you have the ultimate weapon against the big N.B.D.Nervous Break Down.Intelligent people do not have N.B.D.s because they are in charge of themselves. They know how to choose happiness over depression, because they know how to deal with the problems of their lives.You can

43、 begin to think of yourself as truly intelligent on the basis of how you choose to feel in the face of trying circumstances. The life struggles are pretty much the same for each of us. Every one who is involved with other human beings in any social context has similar difficulties. Disagreements, co

44、nflicts and compromises are a part of what it means to be human. Similarly, money, growing old, sickness, deaths, natural disasters and accidents are all events which present problems to virtually all human beings. But some people are able to make it, to avoid immobilizing depression and unhappiness

45、 despite such occurrences, while others collapse or have an N.B.D. Those who recognize problems as a human condition and dont measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, the most rare.26. According to the author, the conventional notion of intel

46、ligence measured in terms of ones ability to read, write and compute.A) is a widely held but wrong conceptB) will help eliminate intellectual prejudiceC) is the root of all mental distressD) will contribute to ones self fulfillment27. It is implied in the passage that holding a university degree.A)

47、may result in ones inability to solve complex real life problemsB) does not indicate ones ability to write properly worded documentsC) may make one mentally sick and physically weakD) does not mean that one is highly intelligent28. The author thinks that an intelligent person knows.A) how to put up

48、with some very prevalent mythsB) how to find the best way to achieve success in tireC) how to avoid depression and make his life worthwhileD) how to persuade others to compromise29. In the last paragraph, the author tells us that.A) difficulties are but part of everyones lifeB) depression and unhapp

49、iness are unavoidable in lifeC) everybody should learn to avoid trying circumstancesD) good feelings can contribute to eventual academic excellence30. According to the passage, what kind of people are rare?A) Those who dont emphasize bookish excellence in their pursuit of happiness.B) Those who are aware of difficul