a全科专业英语.docx

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1、全科专业英语一、词汇翻译1、Abdominal Pain 腹痛2、Adolescents 青春期3、Alcohol Abuse 酗酒4、Alternative Therapies 替代疗法5、Anemia 贫血6、Angina 心绞痛7、Angry 生气8、Anticoagulant Therapy 抗凝治疗9、Anxiety 焦虑10、Arthritis 关节炎11、Asthma 哮喘12、Asymptomatic无病症性13、Atrial Fibrillation 心房颤抖14、Back Pain 背痛15、Bacterial Endocarditis 细菌性心内膜炎16、Behavior

2、al 行为17、Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia 良性前列腺增生18、Bladder Cancer 膀胱癌19、Bleeding 出血20、Breast Cancer 乳腺癌21、Bronchitis 气管炎22、Burns 烧伤23、Cancer 癌症24、Chest Pain 胸痛25、Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 慢性阻塞性肺疾患26、Chronic 慢性27、Cirrhosis 肝硬化28、Common Cold 普通感冒29、Constipation 便秘30、Cough 咳嗽31、Depression 抑郁32、

3、Dermatitis 皮炎33、Dermatologic 皮肤病学34、Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病35、Diagnostic Tests 诊断性试验36、Diarrhea 腹泻37、Discharge 分泌物38、Dizziness 头晕39、Dry Eyes 干眼40、Dyspnea 呼吸困难41、Ear,Nose,and Throat 耳鼻喉42、Eating Disorders 进食障碍疾患43、Endocrinologic 内分泌学44、Esophageal Cancer 食管癌45、Exercise 锻炼46、Eye Pain 目痛47、Fatigue 疲劳48、Fe

4、rtility Control 节育49、Fever 发热50、Foot Pain 脚痛51、Fungal Infections 霉菌感染52、Gallstones 胆结石53、Gastric Cancer 胃癌54、Gastrointestina 胃肠道55、Glucocorticoid Therapy 糖皮质激素治疗56、Gout 痛风57、Gynecologic 妇产科学58、Hair Loss 脱发59、Headache 头痛60、Health Maintenance 保健61、Hearing Loss 听力损失62、Heart Disease 心脏疾病63、Heart Failure

5、 心力衰竭64、Heartburn 烧心65、Hematologic 血液系统66、Hemoptysis 咯血67、Hepatitis 肝炎68、Hypercholesterolemia 高胆固醇血症69、Hypertension 高血压70、Hypoglycemia 低血糖71、Immunization 免疫接种72、Infection 感染73、Inflammatory Bowel Disease 炎性肠病74、Insomnia 失眠75、Jaundice 黄疸76、Leg Edema 下肢水肿77、Liver Failure 肝衰竭78、Lung Cancer 肺癌79、Lymphade

6、nopathy 淋巴结病80、Musculoskeletal 肌肉与骨骼81、Nausea 恶心82、Neck Pain 颈痛83、Neurologic 神经病学84、Obesity 肥胖85、Oncologic 肿瘤学86、Ophthalmologic 眼科学87、Oral Cancer 口腔癌88、Osteoarthritis 骨关节炎89、Otitis 耳炎90、Ovarian Cancer 卵巢癌91、Overweight 超重92、Pancreatitis 胰腺炎93、Patient 病人94、Pharyngitis 咽炎95、Pneumonia 肺炎96、Primary Care

7、根本医疗97、Prostatitis 前列腺炎98、Psychiatric 精神病学99、Red Eye 红眼100、Renal Failure 肾衰101、Respiratory 呼吸102、Risk and Prognosis 风险和预后103、Screening 筛查104、Seizures 癫痫发作105、Sexual Dysfunction 性功能障碍106、Sexually Transmitted Diseases 性传播疾病107、Shoulder Pain 肩痛108、Skin Cancer 皮肤癌109、Sleep Apnea 睡眠呼吸暂停110、Smell Disturba

8、nces 嗅觉障碍111、Smoking Cessation 戒烟112、Sweating 出汗113、Swelling 肿胀114、Thyroid 甲状腺115、Transient Ischemic Attack 短暂性缺血发作116、Tuberculosis 肺结核117、Urinar Tract Infection 尿路感染118、Viral 病毒119、Visual 视觉120、Vomiting 呕吐121、Weight loss 消瘦二、 短句翻译1、 Organize PCP practice to provide coordinated, comprehensive, and p

9、ersonal care, available on first contact and continuous basis. 组织初级保健医生行医以提供协调的、全面的、个体化的保健效劳，具有首诊的可及性和以连续性为根底的效劳。2、Personal support of patients of all backgrounds, in all stages of illness 为各种背景处于各阶段疾病的病人提供个体化支持3、To provide prognostic information for patient with known disease 为患者提供预后信息使其了解疾病4、In ea

10、ch case objective is not simply to classify or ?label?but to reduce M&M and increase satisfaction and sense of well-being. 对每一个病例来说目标不是简单地分类或?贴标签?，而是为了减少患病率和死亡率和提高满意度和舒适感5、Sensitivity is probability that test result will be positive when person tested actually has disease. Perfectly sensitive test c

11、an rule out disease if result is negative. 敏感性是指当被试验的病人实际上已患该疾病时测试结果为阳性的概率。如果结果是阴性，高敏感试验可以排除该疾病。6、Healthy pregnant women who will be in second or third trimesters during influenza season. 处于流感季节的妊娠中末三个月第49月的安康妇女。7、Previous anaphylactic reaction to this vaccine, to any of its components, or to eggs.

12、从前对这个疫苗、对它的任何组分、对鸡蛋有过过敏反响。8、May be given with all other vaccines but at separate site. 可以与任何其他疫苗同时给与但要在不同部位。9、Schedule for those who have fallen behind: if series is delayed between doses, do not start series over. Continue from where you left off. 对于那些落后了方案的人：如果系列在两针之间被延迟，没必要从头开场系列。继续从拉了的那针开场。10、Co

13、nduct detailed Hx, including comprehensive review of systems; include checks for substance abuse, depression, sleep disturbances, and use of hypnotic medications. 进展详细的病史采集，包括综合的系回忆统，检测药物滥用、忧郁、睡眠障碍和安眠药物的使用情况11、Record height and weight and calculate BMI or measure percent body fat (see Overweight and

14、 Obesity). 记录身高和体重，并计算体重指数或测量身体脂肪比率(详见超重与肥胖章节) 。12、Check heart rate and BP after mild exercise (stair climbing or sit-ups). 测量轻微运动后的心率和血压(爬楼梯或仰卧起坐)。13、Encourage all persons to engage regularly in physical activity that provides aerobic exercise. 鼓励全民进展定期的有氧运动。14、Obtain detailed personal Hx regarding

15、 chest pain, palpitations, dyspnea, undue fatigue, light-headedness, syncope, and claudication. 采集患者有关胸痛、心悸、呼吸困难、过度疲劳、头晕目眩、晕厥及跛行的详细病史。15、Note family Hx for CHD, peripheral vascular disease, HTN, stroke, DM, and sudden death or exercise-related syncope. 注意有关冠心病、周围血管疾病、高血压病、中风、糖尿病及猝死或运动相关性晕厥的家族史。16、Av

16、oid use of theophylline for pulmonary complaints because it can aggravate problem by reducing lower esophageal sphincter pressure (see Asthma). 当患者有肺部不适时，防止使用茶碱，因为它会降低食管下括约肌的压力而加重病情(详见哮喘)。17、Refer when considering endoscopy (chronic symptomatic disease of duration =5 yrs, dysphagia, odynophagia, une

17、xplained weight loss, or iron deficiency anemia). 出现以下情况时应当考虑进展内窥镜检查：慢性反流病症病程=5年、吞咽困难、吞咽疼痛、不明原因的体重减轻或缺铁性贫血。 18、Consider surgical referral for persons who remain symptomatic despite max medical Rx. 假设患者的用药剂量到达最大值时反流病症仍未消除，那么转诊给外科。19、Warfarin Rx is preferred means of oral anticoagulation. Recommended

18、intensity of anticoagulation for most indications is a PT INR of 2-3. 华法林是首选的口服抗凝药。大多数指征中推荐的抗凝强度为将凝血酶原时间(PT)的国际化标准比值(INR)控制在2-3。20、Consider use of aspirin in all persons at risk for atherothrombosis; reduces risk for vascular events, including MI, stroke, and TIA. 对于所有有动脉粥样硬化血栓形成风险的患者，应考虑使用阿司匹林；以降低血

19、管事件的风险，包括心肌梗死，中风及短暂性脑缺血发作。21、Encourage continuation of daily activity rather than bed rest. 相对卧床休息，更加鼓励患者继续日常活动。22、Temporarily limit activity for several days if symptoms recur or marked pain develops related to specific activity or activity level. 当进展某种活动或活动量水平时，如果病症复发或出现明显疼痛，那么暂时限制几天的活动。23、Differe

20、ntiate oral source from nasal one by pinching nares closed while patient exhales and by having patient exhale through nose with mouth closed. 通过病人呼气时捏法关闭鼻孔或让病人闭上嘴用鼻子呼气，来鉴别是口腔还是鼻子来源。三、 段落翻译1、Review cardiac warning signs (chest pressure, dizziness, light-headedness, dyspnea, palpitations, unusual fati

21、gue, nausea, diaphoresis). Teach all exercisers to stop activity immediately if symptoms develop and call for assistance. 注意心脏的警告标志(胸部压迫感、眩晕、头晕目眩、呼吸困难、心悸、不寻常的疲劳、恶心与发汗)。教诲所有受训练者如果病症加重，应立即停顿运动，并寻求援助。2、?Common cold? describes self-limited catarrhal illness caused by variety of respiratory viruses. PCPs

22、 task is to distinguish common cold from bacterial infections, allergic conditions, and epidemic diseases such as influenza. Once common cold diagnosed, reassure patient about its self-limited nature and give advice about symptomatic Rx. Avoid antibiotics, which are frequently prescribed inappropria

23、tely. ?普通感冒?是指由各种呼吸道病毒所引起的自限性卡他性疾病。初级保健医生的任务是将普通感冒与细菌性感染、过敏反响及流感等流行病相区别。一旦确诊为普通感冒，告诉患者该疾病的自限性本质而使其放心，并给予患者对症治疗的建议。应防止使用抗生素，而抗生素却常被不恰当地处方给患者。3、Transmission can occur through virus-laden respiratory secretions that travel only a few ft. Most efficient transmission is direct mucous membrane contact wit

24、h virus, usually on contaminated hands, with subsequent self-inoculation by touching nose or eyes. 病毒通过载有病毒的呼吸道分泌物得以传播，行程只有几英尺。最有效的传播途径是直接接触含病毒的粘膜，常见于接触后被污染的双手再通过触摸自己的鼻子或眼睛而把病毒传播给自己。4、Use of prescription second-generation, nonsedating antihistamine has no place in management of common cold because t

25、hese agents have little anticholinergic activity and cold symptoms have no allergic pathophysiology. 无镇静作用的第二代抗组胺药不适合用来治疗普通感冒，因为此类药的抗胆碱能活性很低，而感冒病症的病理生理学变化不是由于过敏。5、Postpone surgery, dental extraction, and contact sports in patients with platelet counts 50,000 until problem is corrected; recommend use

26、 of stool softeners and soft toothbrush. 如果患者血小板计数50,000，推迟手术、拔牙和接触性体育运动，直到病情得到纠正;并建议使用大便软化剂和软牙刷。6、Check for morning stiffness in back relieved by activity (ankylosing spondylitis or other inflammatory conditions), worsening or onset of symptoms with standing or walking and relief with bending or si

27、tting (spinal stenosis), and worsening with sitting, driving, or lifting (lumbar disk herniation). 检查是否有活动后可以缓解的背部晨僵(强直性脊柱炎或其他的炎症情况)，病症在站立或行走时加重或发作，在弯腰或坐位时缓解(椎管狭窄)，以及在坐位、开车或者坐电梯时加重(腰椎间盘突出症)。7、Perform straight-leg raising (SLR) test (sensitive indicator of lower lumbar L5-S1 disk herniation) in supin

28、e position with passive lifting of patients leg at heel while knee is fully extended on side of reported sciatica (ipsilateral SLR testing) and on opposite side (contralateral, or crossed SLR testing). 进展直腿抬高(SLR)试验(下腰段L5-S1的椎间盘突出的敏感指标)：让患者仰卧位，握住足跟使其腿部被动抬高，而膝盖保持完全伸直，然后报告该侧坐骨神经痛(称为同侧直腿抬高试验)或对侧坐骨神经痛(称为对侧或穿插直腿抬高试验)。8、Emphasize good oral hygiene, especially in the elderly; encourage regular flossing and brushing; arrange regular dental checkups; mouthwashes are poor substitute for good oral hygiene. 强调良好的口腔卫生，特别是在老年人;鼓励定期使用牙线和刷牙;安排定期牙科检查; 对于好的口腔卫生来说漱口剂是个较差的替代品。