小升初英语语法点(总结及练习).pdf
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1、1小升初英语语法总结及练习小升初语法名词.2名词练习题.3能力测试卷(名词).4小升初语法代词.5代词练习题.7能力测试卷(代词).8小升初语法数词和冠词.9冠词和数词专项练习.11能力测试卷(冠词和数词).12小升初语法形容词和副词.13形容词副词专项练习(形容词和副词).14小升初语法介词.16介词专项练习(介词).18小升初语法动词.20动词练习题.21能力测试题(动词).22小升初语法一般将来时.23一般将来时练习题.24能力测试题(一般将来时).25小升初语法一般过去时.26一般过去时练习题.27能力测试(一般过去时).28小升初语法一般现在时态.29一、一般现在时的定义.29二、一
2、般现在时的结构.29一般现在时态专项练习.31能力测试卷(一般现在时).32小升初语法现在进行时态.33能力测试卷(现在进行时态).37小升初语法句型之肯定句和否定句.38疑问句专项练习.41小升初语法句型之祈使句.42小升初语法句型 there be 与 havehas 句型.44句型专项练习题.45小学阶段不规则动词全表.51动词四种形式变化规则汇总表.522小升初语法名词小升初语法名词一、名词复数规则名词复数规则1一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2 以 s.x.sh.ch 结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box
3、-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变 y 为 i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries以“元音字母+y”结尾,直接加 s,如:boy-boys,day-days4.以“f 或 fe”结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v,再加-es,如:knife-knives5.以 o 结尾的单词:a,有生命的+es b,无生命+s如:potato-potatoes;hero-heroes;mango-mangoesphoto-photos;radio-radios;video-videos6.不
4、规则名词复数:man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemenmouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethfish-fishpeople-peopleChinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanesedeer-deersheep-sheeppolicewoman-policewomen二、名词所有格的构成法二、名词所有格的构成法1.主要是在词尾加s 构成。如:This is Toms desk.这是汤姆的书桌。That is Mikes book.那是迈克的书。2.如果原名词已经有复数词尾 s,则仅加一个.如:
5、the teachersreading room教师阅览室the pupilspencil-boxes学生们的文具盒3.如果原词是复数形式,但不是以 s 结尾,变为所有格形式需在后面加上s。如:the childrens palace少年宫mens room男厕所*名词所有格口诀:名词所有格口诀:名词所有格,s 前面加一撇,复数 s 放在尾,后加一撇就完结,两人共有算一个,后面只加一个撇。3名词练习题名词练习题一、写出下列名词的复数形式puter _2.apple_3.city _4.house _5.sheep _6.watch _7.tomato _8.child _9.tooth _10
6、.foot _11.wife _12.potato _13.play _14.day _15.glass _16.radio _ 17.zoo _18.life _19.story _20.leaf _21.baby _22.dress _ 23.butterfly _ 24.deer _25.class _26.brush _27.key _28.English_29.mouse _ 30.man_二、汉译英1Tom 的足球 _2.老师们的自行车_3学生们的课桌 _4.哥哥的文具盒_5姑姑的卡片 _6.猴子们的香蕉_7蚂蚁们的早餐 _8.妈妈的包_9姐姐的连衣裙_10 女孩们的苹果_三、把下
7、列句子翻译成英文1这些是 Peter 的篮球吗?_2这个是老师的钢笔吗?_3有一些书在 Sam 的课桌上。_4有一些孩子们在教室里。_四、改错(圈出错处,在横线上改正过来)1.There are some butterflys on the table._2.This isAlice dress._3.I like tomato very much._五、将下列句子变成复数形式。1This dog is brown._2.There is a book and a pen on the table._3.That woman is a teacher._4能力测试卷能力测试卷(名词)(名词)一
8、、将下列名词变成复数形式。1.planetreelessonmonthappleshirt2.boxbusbrushwatchclassfox3.knifelifeleafWifethief4.dayboymonkeybabycountrystory5.photoradiopianotomatohero6.childtoothmanSheepEnglishChinese二、判断正误,并改正错句,正确的打“”1The house is my brother._2.He has visited many country._3.They are Englishs._4.This is Tom red
9、 bike._三、选择填空1There are two _ in the room.A.ChinesesB.Englishman2.The old man will have _ out.A.two toothsB.two teeth3._ are sold in this bookstore.A.Childrens booksB.Children books4.Some friends of _ will come here.A.JohnsB.John5.Can you give me _?A.some papersB.a piece of paper6.There are_ on the
10、floor.A.some boxB.some boxes四、将下列句子变成复数形式。1This sheep is white_2.There is a desk and a chair in the room._3.That man is a doctor._5小升初语法小升初语法代词代词一、人称代词一、人称代词人称代词即表示人称代词即表示“你、我、他、你们、我们、他们你、我、他、你们、我们、他们”等的词,等的词,它的人称、数和格的变化它的人称、数和格的变化见下表:数人称主格宾格单数第一人称Ime第二人称youyou第三人称hesheithimherit复数第一人称Weus第二人称youyou
11、第三人称theythem主格与宾格:人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式。主格主要用来做句子的主语;宾格主要用作宾语。人称代词主格用在句首作主语。She is sitting in a bus.她正坐在公共汽车上。人称代词宾格在动词后作宾语。I saw her yesterday.我昨天看到她了。二、物主代词二、物主代词物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。人称类别第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性myouryouryourhis,her,itstheir名词性mineouryoursyourshis,hers,itstheirs名词性物主代词=形容
12、词性物主代词+名词例,Whose coat is this?这是谁的上衣?Its hers.是她的。hers=her coat*关于物主代词的口诀:关于物主代词的口诀:物主代词很重要,译成汉语都有“.的”,后面必须加上物,否则就要犯错误,myyourhisheritsourtheir 不放过。形容词性是基础,除了我的“mine”外,其他词尾“s”性形物代能力差,出门常把名词加;名物代能力强,常来独去又独往。6三、反身代词三、反身代词反身代词也叫“自身代词”,表示“*自己”。数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself,herself复数ourselvesyour
13、selvesthemselvesI can do it by myself.我自己能做这件事。*反身代词的构成规律记忆口诀:反身代词的构成规律记忆口诀:反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加,其余开头用物主,复数-ves 替-f四、指示代词四、指示代词This(这个)-these(这些)指近处的事物That(那个)-these(那些)指远处的事物例,This is a book.这是本书。These are some books.这些是书。That is a car.那是辆小汽车。Those are some cars.那些是小汽车。7代词练习题代词练习题一、一、根据题意,用所给词的适当形式填空。根据
14、题意,用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Mary is a friend of _.(I)2.This is _(she)ruler._(I)is in the bag.3.Her brother is too young to look after _(he)4.This is _(I)book.This book is _(I).5.These pens are _(we).二、填写下列表格。二、填写下列表格。人称代词人称代词我我我们我们你你,你们你们他他她她它它他们他们主主格格宾宾格格形容词物主代词形容词物主代词名词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词反身代词三、改写下列句子三、改写下列句子Eg,
15、This is my book.-The book is mine.1.That is her ruler._2.These are their footballs._3.This is my backpack._4.Those are your boxes._四、把下列句子改写成复数。1.This is a butterfly._2.That is a bus._3.It is a mouse._五、改错。1.This is mine lamp._2.These are ours books._3.That are their teacher._4.The house is my broth
16、er._5.He has visited many country._6.They are Chineses._7.This is Tom red bike._8能力测试卷能力测试卷(代词)(代词)一、帮下面的好朋友团圆(连线)I她its我们her他(她,它)们we我they你的their他(她,它)们your她的she它的二、填空1Shes a teacher.This is _ bag.2.Hes a driver.This is _ taxi.3.I am a boy._ name is Peter.4.-Whats _ name?-My name is Tony.5.Its my pu
17、ppy._ name is Mimi.三、选择()1.Your book is not so old as _.A.himB.heC.hisD.she()2._ book is it?Its _.A.WhoseherB.Whose hersC.WhohersD.Whom her()3.He is a friend of _.A.ourB.usC.myD.mine四、改错1.I,you and he are all teachers._2.This is mine teddy bear._3.These are ours bags._4.These is their teachers.9小升初语
18、法小升初语法数词和冠词数词和冠词一、数词一、数词表示数目和顺序的词叫数词。数词又分基数词和序数词,基数词表示数量,序数词表示顺序。1 最基本的基数词如下表所示:最基本的基数词如下表所示:1101119201001one11eleven20twenty2two12twelve30thirty3three13thirteen40forty4four14fourteen50fifty5five15fifteen60sixty6six16sixteen70seventy7seven17seventeen80eighty8eight18eighteen90ninety9nine19nineteen100
19、one hundred10ten*基数词的写法基数词的写法:2199 的两位数,十位与个位之间用连字符“-”。例:21 twenty-one32 thirty-two99 ninety nine百位数:个位数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上 and。例:101a hundred and one.320 three hundred and twenty648six hundred and forty-eight2序数词的构成序数词的构成1)一般来说,是由相应的基数词加词尾 th 构成。例,four+th-fourthsix+th-sixthseven+th-seve
20、nthten+th-tenth2)下面这些基数词在变为序数词时,有特殊的变化。例,one-firsttwo-secondthree-thirdfive-fiftheight-eighthnine-ninthtwelve-twelfth3)十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词 y 变成 i,然后在加 eth.例,twenty-twentieththirty-thirtiethforty-fortiethninety-ninetieth1)两位或两位以上的基数词变为序数词时,仅将个位数变成序数词。例,twenty one-twenty-firstthirty-five-thirty-fiftha
21、 hundred and fifty-three-a hundred and fifty-third10*基数词变序数词的口诀:基数词变序数词的口诀:基变序,有规律;词尾加上 th(fourth,sixth)一、二、三,单独记;结尾字母 t,d,d;(first,second,third)八去 t,九去 e,(eighth,ninth);ve 要用 f 替;(fifth,twelfth)整十基数变序数,ty 将 y 变成 i;th 前面有个 e;要是遇到几十几,前用基来后用序。二、冠词二、冠词冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种。a 或或 an 是不定冠词是不定冠词,the 是
22、定冠词是定冠词。a 用在辅音音素之前,如 a desk,a tree;an 用在元音因素之前,如 an apple,an hour,anEnglish book.1.不定冠词(不定冠词(a,an)指人或事物的某一种类,表示)指人或事物的某一种类,表示“一个一个”,但不强调数量。,但不强调数量。She is a teacher.Thats an orange.2.定冠词定冠词 the,是特指某(些)人、某(些)物,或指说话人与听话人彼此知,是特指某(些)人、某(些)物,或指说话人与听话人彼此知道的人或物,或者是在上文提到过的人和事。道的人或物,或者是在上文提到过的人和事。This is a bu
23、s.The bus is big.3.不用冠词的情况:不用冠词的情况:1)专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词前一般不用冠词。如,Chinese,English,Jim 等。2)名词前已经有 this,that,my,your 等词时,就不再用冠词了。如,that mouse(那只老鼠)3)一些固定词组前不用定冠词。如,at home 在家go to school去上学*定冠词定冠词 the 的用法记忆口诀:的用法记忆口诀:特指、重提和唯一,岛屿、海峡和海湾;海洋、党派、最高级,沙漠、河流与群山;方位、顺序和乐器,年代、团体与机关;船名、建筑和组织,会议、条约与报刊;姓氏复数、国全名,记住定冠 the
24、 加在前。*零冠词用法口诀:零冠词用法口诀:月份、星期、节假洲,呼语、头衔职务前;三餐、球类、惯用语,学科、棋类名词前。11冠词和数词专项练习冠词和数词专项练习一、在空白处填上适当的冠词,不需要的填“/”。1)at _home2)go to_ bed3)go to _school4)catch_ bad cold5)have _ good time6)_red apple7)_ English book8)_ spoon9)_orange10)_melon11)_ eraser二、选择填空1.There is _“m”in the word“primary”A.anB.aC.theD./2.T
25、his is _ orange bike.A.aB.anC.theD/3.It always takes us half _ hour to have _ long walk after supper.A.a,aB,a,theC.an,aD.an,the4.English is _ useful language in _ world.A.an,theB.a,theC.the,/D./,the5.We are going to _ cinema this evening.A.theB./C/aD.an6.Hes standing on _ other side of _ river.A.a,a
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