(3.2.1)--3.1.1TowardstheunificationofChin.ppt

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1、Unification of Chinese Unification of Chinese CivilizationCivilizationContentsTheContinuousYellowRiverCivilizationPre-QinCivilizationofRites,MusicPoetryandBooksTheUnifiedQinandHanEmpiresTheContinuousYellowRiverCivilizationTheContinuousYellowRiverTheContinuousYellowRiverCivilizationCivilization As on

2、e of the four ancient civilizations in the world,China has a long history and splendid culture.It has been hitherto prosperous for more than 5,000 years.As early as 4000 BC,The Yellow River Civilization was born in the Central Plain area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.T The midd

3、le and lower reaches he middle and lower reaches of the Yellow Riverof the Yellow RiverThe Imperial PalaceThe Imperial PalaceThebattleofZhuolu：The Huang Emperor defeated the Chiyou tribe in the battle of Zhuolu,and becoming the cultural ancestor of the Chinese people.So today Chinese people still ca

4、ll themselves the descendants of the Yan and Huang Emperors.theHuangEmperorThebattleofZhuoluTheContinuousYellowRiverTheContinuousYellowRiverCivilizationCivilizationDragonTotem Theabdicationsystem：YaoShunYuCharacteristics：The selection of talents and abilities which can ensure the continuous strength

5、 of tribal alliance.TheContinuousYellowRiverTheContinuousYellowRiverCivilizationCivilizationfindtheirrootsandworshiptheirancestorsThehometownofHenanTheContinuousYellowRiverTheContinuousYellowRiverCivilizationCivilizationtheYellowRiverCivilizationThe Yellow River Basin with fertile land and developed

6、 agriculture,has provided a strong material basis for the continuation of civilization.TheContinuousYellowRiverTheContinuousYellowRiverCivilizationCivilizationPre-QinCivilizationofRites,MusicPoetryandBooksPre-QinCivilizationofRites,MusicPre-QinCivilizationofRites,MusicPoetryandBooksPoetryandBooksThe

7、XiaDynastyestablished：In 2070 BC,Qi,the son of Da Yu abolished the abdication system and established the Xia Dynasty,and becoming the first dynasty in China.Xia Qis family rulestarted the hereditary system of Chinese throne.TheShangDynastyestablished：In 1600 BC,Cheng Tang overthrew Xia Jie and estab

8、lished the Shang Dynasty.Began to enfeoff princes,to defend the rule of the royal family.enfeoffthevassalPre-QinCivilizationofRites,MusicPoetryPre-QinCivilizationofRites,MusicPoetryandBooksandBooksTheZhouDynastyestablished：In 1046 BC,King Wu of Zhou destroy Shang Dynasty and established the Zhou Dyn

9、asty.Continued to like Shang Dynasty,and the vassal system was established.thevassalsystemthe king of ZhouvassalsQing DafuScholars（Shi）Pre-QinCivilizationofRites,MusicPoetryPre-QinCivilizationofRites,MusicPoetryandBooksandBooksFiveHegemonsintheSpringandAutumnPeriodtheSevenPowerfulStatesintheWarringK

10、ingdomsPeriodPre-QinCivilizationofRites,MusicPoetryPre-QinCivilizationofRites,MusicPoetryandBooksandBooksschoolsofthoughtcontendedwitheachother：Many thinkers,such as Confucius,Lao Tsu,Mencius,Mo Tse,Han Fei,Sun Tzu,wrote books one after another which enriched the thought treasure house of Chinese tr

11、aditional culture.Pre-QinCivilizationofRites,MusicPoetryPre-QinCivilizationofRites,MusicPoetryandBooksandBooksTheUnifiedQinandHanEmpiresProcess：In 230 BC,the state of Qin launched a powerful offensive and started the war of unifying the six countries.Finally unified the six states of Han,Zhao,Wei,Ch

12、u,Yan and Qi.Results：In 221 BC,Ying Zheng,King of Qin,established the first unified feudal empire in Chinese history.TheUnifiedQinandHanTheUnifiedQinandHanEmpiresEmpiresYing Zheng,King of QinTheUnifiedQinandHanTheUnifiedQinandHanEmpiresEmpiresUnifiedwritingUnifiedcurrencyUnifiedweightsandmeasuresB B

13、uilttheroyalroadanduilttheroyalroadandtheGreatWalltheGreatWallExcavatedtheLingqucanalEstablishedafeudalcentralizedsystemIn order to consolidate his rule,Qin Shi Huang established a feudal centralized system.Set up Prime Minister Imperial Censor and Commandant in the central government implemented th

14、e system of prefectures and counties in local government.All officials were appointed by the emperor and could not be hereditary.burnbooksandburytheliteratiinpitsTheUnifiedQinandHanTheUnifiedQinandHanEmpiresEmpiresIn 209 BC,the Western Han Dynasty was established.In the early years of Han Dynasty,th

15、e system of Qin Dynasty was continued but the system of county and state was implemented locally,which eventually evolved into the“Chaos of seven kingdoms”.It was not until Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty that the problem of vassal states was finally solved.In order to strengthen the ideological rule,Empe

16、ror Wu accepted Dong Zhongshus suggestion.Dong Zhongshu“abandon all the others and just value Confucianism”,emphasizing the unity of heaven and man.Dong ZhongshuEmperorWuTheUnifiedQinandHanTheUnifiedQinandHanEmpiresEmpiresConfucianismbecomethemainstreamoftraditionalChinesecultureTheUnifiedQinandHanT

17、heUnifiedQinandHanEmpiresEmpires Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty attacked Huns in the North dug through the Western Regions and opened up the Silk Road.TheUnifiedQinandHanTheUnifiedQinandHanEmpiresEmpires The Han Dynasty,of vast territory and powerful force was to be one of the four great empires such as Roman Empire,Parthian Empire and Kushan Empire.TheUnifiedQinandHanTheUnifiedQinandHanEmpiresEmpiresThanks