住宅小区配电设计外文文献翻译中英文.pdf

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1、外文文献翻译外文文献翻译（含：英文原文及中文译文）（含：英文原文及中文译文）译文字数：译文字数：3700 多字文献出处文献出处：J Ehnberg。Power of Community Distribution to Design JValue Engineering,2016，2(3）:14-21英文原文英文原文Power of Community Distribution to DesignJ EhnbergABSTRACTThe basic function of the electric power system is to transport theelectric power to

2、wards customers。The l0kV electric distribution net is akey point that connects the power supply with the electricity using on theindustry，business and daily-life.For the electric power，allcostumersexpect to pay the lowest price for the highest reliability，but dontconsider that its selfcontradictory

3、in the co-existence of economy andreliable。To improve the reliability of the power supply network，wemust increase the investment cost of the network construction But，if thecost that improve the reliability of the network construction,but theinvestment on this kind of construction would be worthless

4、if thereducing loss is on the power off is less than the increasing investmenton improving the reliability.Thus we find out a balance point to make themost economic，between the investment and the loss by calculating theinvestment on power net and the loss brought from poweroff。KEYWORDS：power supply

5、and distribution，power distributionreliability,reactive compensation，load distributionIn general,major changes to the building include：high voltage andlow voltage distribution systems,transformers,and backup powersystems.Power systems include power distribution and control，indoorand outdoor lighting

6、 systems include all types of lighting，and lightningprotection systems include intrusion protection，lightning sensors，grounding，equipotential bonding，and local equipotential bonding。Auxiliary equipotential bonding.In just 20 years,the system hasundergone enormous changes in the face of technology an

7、d products.Many design ideas have also changed dramatically。Switchgear，suchas the first circuit-breaker oil circuit breaker in a high-voltage system,andthe subsequent development of an oil circuit breaker,are not only large insize but generally contain oil.Due to the large size of the switchgear,wem

8、ust also establish a separate equipment room that occupies a largeamount of floor area.Vacuum circuit breakers and sulfur hexafluoridecircuit breakers are not only small in size，but also have a largeshortcircuit capacity。The size of the housing is much larger than thatof the original cabinets,and th

9、e circuit breakers do not have any oil andthe fire performance is greatly improved。And circuit breakers and otherlow-voltage devices are in one room,which saves space and is easy tomanage.In the past，largecapacity lowvoltage circuit breakersgradually increased the capacity of the short-circuit curre

10、nt，graduallyreduced the scale,and became more stable，making the system safer andmore reliable,which facilitated the design.Towards the development ofintelligent lowvoltage circuit breakers,various parameters of the circuitbreaker can be controlled by the bus industry and the signals aretransmitted d

11、irectly to the computer。The appearance of drytype transformers has brought greatconvenience to the electrical design of buildings because there is nopossibility of leakage of transformer oil and fire so that it can be easilyinstalled in the building itself and even directly into the load center。Ital

12、so eliminates the transformers demand for oil and can use dry-typetransformers when building largecapacity equipment.Four Taiwanese2500kVA dry-type transformers have been used in actual engineeringdesign.In terms of using emergency generators，it is much more advancedthan in the past in terms of perf

13、ormance and size.In addition to usingdiesel generators;emergency lighting uses EPS standby power;devicesthat interrupt power within a millisecond can use UPS.The control of electrical equipment varies from the control of asingle component to the control of relays.In addition to the smaller sizeof th

14、e various components for better performance,the specification of thecontrol box is also reduced。Because digital technology is more used incontrol to achieve the best control status to control the equipment。Further improve the effect of energy conservation.The revolution of electric power system has

15、brought a new big roundconstruction,which is pushing the greater revolution of electric powertechnique along with the application of new technique and advancedequipment.Especially,the combination of the information technique andelectric power technique，to great ex tent，has improved reliability onele

16、ctric quality and electric supply.The technical development decreasesthe cost on electric construction and drives innovation of electric network.On the basis of national and international advanced electric knowledge,the dissertation introduces the research hotspot for present electric powersyetem as

17、 following.Firstly，This dissertation introduces the building condition ofdistribution automation（DA)，and brings forward two typicalconstruction modes on DA construction，integrative mode and fissionmode.It emphasize the DA structure under the condition of the fissionmode and presents the system confi

18、guration,the main station scheme,thefeeder scheme,the optimized communication scheme etc.,which is forDA research reference。Secondly，as for the（DA）trouble measurement，position，isolation and resume,This dissertation analyzes the changes of pressureand current for line problem,gets math equation by ed

19、ucing phase shortcircuit and problem position under the condition of singlephase andworks out equation and several parameter s U&，s I&and e I tableon problem.It brings out optimized isolation and resume plan,realizesauto isolation and network reconstruction，reduces the power off rangeand time and im

20、proves the reliability of electric power supply throughproblem self diagnoses and self-analysis.It also introduces softwareflow and use for problem judgement and sets a model on networkreconstruction and computer flow。Thirdly,electricity system state is estimated to be one of the keytechniques in DA

21、 realization。The dissertation recommends the resolventof bad measurement data and structure mistake on the ground ofdescribing state estimate way。It also advances a practical test andjudging way on topology mistake in state estimate about bad data test andabnormity in state estimate as well as the p

22、roblem and effect on bad datafrom state measure to state estimate.As for real time monitor and controlproblem,the dissertation introduces a new way to solve them byelectricity break and exceptional analysis,and the way has been tested inWeifang DA.Fourthly,about the difficulty for building the model

23、 of loadforecasting，big parameter scatter limit and something concerned,thedissertation introduces some parameters，eg.weather factor,date typeand social environment effect based on analysis of routine loadforecasting and means。It presents the way for electricity loadforecasting founded on neural net

24、work(ANN），which has been tested itsvalidity by example and made to be good practical effect。Fifthly，concerning the lack of concordant wave on preve ntingconcordant wave and non-power compensation and non-continuity oncompensation，there is a topology structure of PWM main circuit andnonpower theory o

25、n active filter the waves technique and builds flat proofon the ground of Saber Designer and proves to be practical.Meanwhile,itanalyzes and designs the way of non-power need of electric network trends and decreasing line loss combined with DA，which have been testedits objective economic benefit thr

26、ou-gh counting example。Sixthly，not only do the dissertation design a way founded on themagrginal electric price fitted to our present national electric powermarket with regards to future trends of electric power market in Chinaand fair trade under the government surveillance,that is group competitio

27、n in shortterm trade under the way of grouped price and quantityharmony,but also puts forward combination arithmetic,math model oftrading plan and safty economical restriction.It can solve the originalcontradiction between medium and long term contract price and shortterm competitive price with impr

28、ovement on competitive percentage andcut down the unfair income difference of electric factory,at the sametime，it can optimize the electric limit for all electric factories and reducethe total purchase charge of electric power from burthen curve of wholeelectric market network.The distribution netwo

29、rk is an important link among the powersystem.Its neutral grounding mode and operation connects security andstability of the power system directly。At the same time,the problemabout neutral grounding is associated with national conditions，naturalenvironment，device fabrication and operation.For exampl

30、e,the activitysituation of the thunder and lightning,insulating structure and theperipheral interference will influence the choice of neutral groundingmode Conversely，neutral grounding mode affects design,operation，debugs and developing.Generally in the system higher in grade in thevoltage,the insul

31、ating expenses account for more sizable proportion atthe total price of the equipment.It is very remarkable to bring theeconomic benefits by reducing the insulating level.Usually such systemadopt the neutral directly grounding and adopt the autoreclosing toguarantee power supply reliability.On the c

32、ontrary，the system which islower in the voltage adopts neutral none grounding to raise power supplyreliability。So it is an important subject to make use of new-type earthdevice to apply to the distribution network under considering the situationin such factors of various fields as power supply relia

33、bility，safetyfactor，over-voltage factor，the choice of relay protection，investmentcost,etc。The main work of this paper is to research and choice the neutralgrounding mode of the l0kV distribution network.The neutral groundingmode of the l0kV network mainly adopts none grounding,grounding byarc suppre

34、ssing coil,grounding by reactance grounding and directlygrounding。The best grounding mode is confirmed through thetechnology comparison。It can help the network run in safety and limitthe earth electric arc by using autotracking compensate device andusing the line protection with the detection of the

35、 sensitive small groundcurrent。The paper introduces and analyzes the characteristic of all kindof grounding modes about l0kV network at first。With the comparisonwith technological and economy,the conclusion is drawn that theimproved arc suppressing coil grounding mode shows a very bigdevelopment pot

36、ential。Then,thispaperresearchesandintroducessomeoperationcharacteristics of the arc suppressing coil grounding mode of the l0kVdistribution network。And then the paper put emphasis on how toextinguish the earth electric arc effectively by utilizing the resonanceprinciple。This paper combines the devel

37、opment of domestic andinternational technology and innovative achievement，and introduces thecomputer earth protection and autotracking compensate device。It provesthat the improved arc suppressing coil grounding mode have betteroperation characteristics in power supply reliability，personal security,s

38、ecurity of equipment and interference of communication。Theapplication of the arc suppressing coil grounding mode is also researchedin this paper.Finally，the paper summarizes this topic research。As a result ofthe domination of the arc suppressing coil grounding mode,it should bemore popularized and a

39、pplied in the distribution network in the future。The way of thinking，project and conclusions in this thesis have effecton the research to choose the neutral grounding mode not only in I0kVdistribution network but also in other power system.。The basic function of the electric power system is to trans

40、port theelectric power towards customers。The l0kV electric distribution net is akey point that connects the power supply with the electricity using on theindustry，business and daily-life。For the electric power,all costumersexpect to pay the lowest price for the highest reliability，but dontconsider t

41、hat its self-contradictory in the co existence of economy andreliable。To improve the reliability of the power supply network，wemust increase the investment cost of the network con-struction But,if thecost that improve the reliability of the network construction，but theinvestment on this kind of cons

42、truction would be worthless if thereducing loss is on the power off is less than the increasing investmenton improving the reliability.Thus we find out a balance point to make themost economic,between the investment and the loss by calculating theinvestment on power net and the loss brought from pow

43、eroff.Thethesis analyses on the economic and the reliable of the various line modes,according to the characteristics various line modes existed in the electricdistribution net in foshan。.First,the thesis introduces as the different line modes in the l0kVelectric distribution net and in some foreign

44、countries.Making it cleartow to conduct analyzing on the line mode of the electric distribution net，and telling us how important and necessary that analyses are.Second，it turns to the necessity of calculating the number ofoptimization subsection,elaborating how it influences on the economyand reliab

45、ility。Then by building up the calculation mode of the numberof optimization subsection it introduces different power supply projectson the different line modes in brief。Third,it carries on the calculationand analyses towards the reliability and economy of the different linemodes of electric distribu

46、tion net，describing drafts according by thecalculation.Then it makes analysis and discussion on the number ofoptimization subsection。At last，the article make conclusion on the economy and reliabilityof different line modes，as well as,its application situation。Accordionto the actual circumstance,the

47、thesis puts forward the beneficialsuggestion on the programming and construction of the l0kV electricdistribution net in all areas in foshan。Providing the basic theories andbeneficial guideline for the programming design of the lOkV electricdistribution net and building up a solid net,reasonable lay

48、out，qualifiedsafe and efficiently-worked electric distribution net。AutoTune SequenceThe auto-tuning sequence begins after the hysteresis and deviationvalues have been determined.The tuning process begins when the initialoutput step is applied to the loop output。This change in output value should cau

49、se a corresponding change inthe value of the process variable.When the output change drives the PVaway from setpoint far enough to exceed the hysteresis boundary azerocrossing event is detected by the auto-tuner。Upon each zerocrossing event the auto-tuner drives the output in the opposite direction。

50、The tuner continues to sample the PV and waits for the next zerocrossing event.A total of twelve zero-crossings are required to completethe sequence。The magnitude of the observed peak-topeak PV values(peak error)and the rate at which zero-crossings occur are directly relatedto the dynamics of the pr