高考英语总复习(练习)：专题2第1讲时态、语态.pdf

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1、祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友！祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友第一讲时态、语态考查动词的各种时态基本定义最重要 示之以范 _ 原则这样运用1(2017全国卷)Fast food _(be)full of fat and salt；by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.is 解析：此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填is。2(2016浙江卷)While onlin

2、e shopping _(change)our life,not all of its effects have been positive.has changed 解析：主语是online shopping，结合语境以及后面的have been可知，这里要用现在完成时。3(2 016浙江卷)Silk _(become)one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友！祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分

3、收获，努力吧朋友had become 解析：by about 100 BC是时间状语，这里强调到公元前一百年为止，所以要用过去完成时。4(2015天津卷)Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she _(teach)a class at that time.will be teaching 解析：at that time提示此处表示将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作。5(2016北京卷)Jack _(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred.was workin

4、g 解析：表示过去某时正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时。6 (2017太 原 一 模)At first,both of them joined together and the frog_(lead)his friend towards the pool in which he lived,and didnt stop until he reached the side of the water.led 解析：考查动词时态。与上文joined呼应，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。7(2017全国卷)When summer came,they will invite their stude

5、nts to pick the fresh vegetables!_ came comes解析：主句为一般将来时，时间状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来，故用comes。8(2016四川卷)Both Dad and I planned to do something on Mothers Day.We get up early in the morning._ get got解析：根据上句中的planned 可知，事情发生在过去，故应用一般过去时。通关点击 _ 原则这样解读高考考试说明规定掌握的十二种时态的基本用法(1)表示经常性或习惯性动作、客观事实或存在的状态要想到用一般现在时；As we

6、all know,the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围着太阳转。(2)表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态要想到用一般过去时；When I was at school,I often went to the cinema on Sundays.我上学时，周日经常去看电影。(3)表示将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态要想到用一般将来时；Dr.Smith,together with his wife and daughters,is going to visit Beijing this summer.史密斯博士将在今年夏天和他的妻子、女儿们一起游览

7、北京。(4)表示在过去某一时刻看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态要想到用过去将来时；I told him that I would see him the next day.祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友！祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友我告诉他第二天会见他。(5)表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作要想到用现在进行时；I don t actually work here.I am helping out until the new secretary comes.我实际上不在这里工作。我目前在这里帮忙一直到新

8、秘书来。(6)表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作要想到用过去进行时；I walked slowly through the market,where people were selling all kinds of fruits and vegetables.I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.我慢慢地走过市场，市场里人们在卖各种各样的水果与蔬菜。我认真地研究了价格之后，买了些我所需要的。(7)表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作要想到用将来进行时；I feel so excited!At this time tomo

9、rrow morning I will be flying to Beijing.我感到很激动！明天上午这个时候我正在飞往北京。(8)表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其产生的影响或结果现在还存在；或持续到现在的动作或状态要想到用现在完成时；Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years.在过去的10 年中我们的城市发生了很大变化。(9)表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成，即“过去的过去”时要想到用过去完成时；Before he went to college,he had read several Eng

10、lish books.他上大学前就读过好几本英文书。(10)表示某一动作到将来某个时间完成，上下文中常含有by 短语时要想到用将来完成时；By the time I graduate from college,I will have been in the city for eight years.到大学毕业时，我就在这个城市待了8 年了。(11)表示一个从过去就开始一直延续到现在并有可能继续下去的动作要想到用现在完成进行时；In order to find the missing child,villagers have been doing all they can over the pa

11、st five hours.为了找到那个失踪的孩子，过去的五小时里，村民们做了他们所能做的一切。(12)表示从过去某一时间以前一直在进行的动作要想到用过去完成进行时。When I got home,I saw Jack s hands were dirty.He had been playing with mud.我到家时看见杰克的手很脏。他此前一直在玩泥巴。祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友！祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友时间状语很有效 示之以范 _ 原则这样运用1(2017全国卷)My dad th

12、inks I should take the offer now.But at the moment,school _(come)es 解析：由时间状语at the moment可知，这里是指现在发生的事情，因此用一般现在时。2(2017北京卷)People _(have)better access to health care than they used to,and theyre living longer as a result.have 解析：这里讲述的是一个客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语是表示复数意义的people，故填 have。3(2015北京卷)In the last few

13、 years，China _(make)great achievements in environmental protection.has made 解析：句意：在过去的几年里，中国在环境保护方面已经取得了巨大的成就。根据时间状语In the last few years可知用现在完成时。4(2017浙江嘉兴基础测试)By that time，she _(accept)by Yale University and Harvard University in the US.had been accepted 解析：根据by that time可知，此处用过去完成时，she 与 accept之间

14、为被动关系，故填had been accepted。5(2017全国卷)I had grown not only physically but also mentally in the past few years._ hadhave解析：由时间状语in the past few years可知，此处应用现在完成时。通关点击 _ 原则这样解读有些题目本身就带有明确的时间状语，要学会利用这些时间状语来解题。祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友！祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友1看到 always,every

15、time,now and then,often,seldom,sometimes,usually等表示频率的时间状语，要想到用一般现在时；2看到 yesterday,last week,two days ago,the other day,in 1998，时间段 later，after 一段时间等时间状语，要想到用一般过去时；3看到 tomorrow,next year,in a week等时间状语，要想到用一般将来时；4看到 the next day/morning,the next/following week/month/year等时间状语，要想到用过去将来时；5看到 all the t

16、ime,now,at 4 oclock,at this moment,at present等时间状语，要想到用现在进行时；6看到 at that time,at this time yesterday,at five yesterday,the whole morning等时间状语，要想到用过去进行时；7看到 at this time tomorrow,from 1：30 to 4：30 tomorrow等时间状语，要想到用将来进行时；8看到 since,recently,lately,already,in/for/during the last/past few years,so far,u

17、p to now,during the past/last时间段等时间状语，要想到用现在完成时；9看到by that time,by the end of过去时间，before 2000，by the time一般过去时的从句，要想到用过去完成时；10看到by the time一般现在时的从句，by the end of将来时间的名词，by将来时间名词等时间状语，要想到用将来完成时。Progress has been so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.到目前为止，工作进展得很顺利，我们

18、确信一定会按时完工。平行谓语做参考祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友！祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友 示之以范 _ 原则这样运用1(2017浙江卷6 月)Pahlsson and her husband _(search)the kitchen,checking every corner,but turned up nothing.searched 解析：根据句意和but turned up nothing可知，search 的动作发生在过去，所以填 searched。2(2017浙江湖州期末考试)On

19、e day,when I was drawing diagrams on the balcony and he _(bathe)inside,the volcano erupted unexpectedly.was bathing 解析：由前面的“I was drawing diagrams”可知，本句应用过去进行时，而且 and 连接的并列句要保持时态一致。3(2017聊城检测)Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also _(give)us a sense of fair play and team

20、spirit.gives 解析：考查时态。not only.but also 连接两个平行结构，因此所填动词与makes一致，故填gives。4(2 017福建五校统考)According to a recent survey,violence did exist in schools.Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also _(express)their great concern about it.expressed 解析：考查时态。and 前后并列时态一致，根据句中showed 可知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情，

21、故用一般过去时。5(2017湖北武昌区高三调考)Finally,I work harder than ever and made great progress in my math._ workworked解析：由后面的made可知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。通关点击 _ 原则这样解读并列连词 and,but,as well as,or,or else,both.and.,neither.nor.，either.or.，not only.but(also).，rather than等以及从属连词than 可连接两个平行的结构。平行的另外一个结构与所选谓语动词的先后关系，则决定着所

22、选动词的时态。(2017陕西质检)When facing the either-or situation,I smiled and decided to trust my heart.当面对必须作出决定的情况时，我笑了笑并决定相信自己的心。祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友！祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友语境理解少不了 示之以范 _ 原则这样运用1(2017广东深圳二模)It _(rain)at that time and the streets were full of holes which wer

23、e full of water.was raining 解析：根据时间状语at that time 可知，当时正在下雨，即“下雨”这一动作在过去某段时间内正在进行。故用过去进行时。2(2017广东佛山二模)In 2016,I _(feel)I needed a new challenge so I decided to take a film-making course.felt 解析：句意：在2016 年，我觉得我需要一个新的挑战，因此我决定修一门电影制作的课程。根据时间状语In 2016可知，应用一般过去时。故填felt。3 (2015 四 川 卷)As I tell you last t

24、ime,I made three new friends here._ telltold解析：根据时间状语last time可知，此句用一般过去时。4(20 17西安九校联考)Today,at the local convenience store where I work,an elderly man with a guide dog come in._ come came解析：考查动词的时态。这里叙述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。5(2017山东青岛模拟)Whats more,thousands of tourists from the world came here every

25、year,which is really splendid._ came come解析：根据时间状语every year及从句为一般现在时可知，主句应用一般现在时，故将came改为 come。通关点击 _ 原则这样解读高考对时态的考查更注重对语法知识的具体运用，即将语法知识置于一定的语境中，要求考生在实际语言环境中填写正确答案。做题时树立全局观念，根据提供的语境，挖掘题中祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友！祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友隐含的信息，从而找到解题的突破口。(2018湖北八校第一次联考)It

26、 was on a warm autumn day that my father and I walked into my new high school.在一个温暖的秋天，父亲和我一起走进了新高中学校。固定句式要记牢 示之以范 _ 原则这样运用1(2017天津卷)I _(drive)down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.was driving 解析：此处是be doing.when.结构，意为“正在做，这时(突然)”。由从句的谓语动词found 可知，主句应用过去进行时。2(2017沈阳监测一)Th

27、is was the first time I _(experience)sandstorms and I don t ever want to be in one again.had experienced 解析：考查动词的时态。根据“This was the first time”可知，从句用过去完成时。3Hardly had I got home when the rain _(pour)down.poured 解析：hardly.when.意为“刚就”，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。4(2017梧州一模)I say to him with a cheerful smile,“Go

28、 to exercise and you _(feel)better.”will feel 解析：此题考查时态，祈使句and/or 陈述句，陈述句用一般将来时。5(2017 河北 邯 郸一模)It has been a long time since we meet in China last time._ meetmet解析：It has been一段时间since.句式中时间状语用过去时。祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友！祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友 通关点击 _ 原则这样解读1看到 no so

29、oner.than.或 hardly.when.，要想到主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；Hardly had the speaker finished his speech when the audience kept asking him questions.演讲者一结束他的讲话，观众就不停地向他提问。2看到并列连词when，要想到 was/were doing sth.when.；be about to do sth.when.等连用；One day,I was about to do some shopping when he telephoned me.一天，我正要去购物这时他给我

30、打电话了。3看到 It/This/That isthe 序数词 time that从句，要想到从句用现在完成时；This is the third time that you have been late this month.这是本月你第三次迟到。4看到 It/This/That wasthe 序数词 time that从句，要想到从句用过去完成时；That was the first time that I had gone abroad.那是我第一次出国。5时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时表示将来；I will go to the cinema as

31、 soon as I finish my homework.我一完成作业就去看电影。6在由 since 引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句是现在完成时，从句则用一般过去时；He has studied very hard since he came to our school.自从来到我们学校，他学习就一直非常努力。7看到“祈使句and/or 陈述句”，要想到陈述句用一般将来时。Keep on trying and you will succeed.继续尝试，你会成功的。祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友！祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相

32、信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友考查动词的语态逻辑关系需知晓示之以范 _ 原则这样运用1(20 16 全 国 卷)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base,where ticket money helps pay for research.I _(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.was allowed 解析：根据 it was 可知，此处用过去时态，主语 I 与 allow之

33、间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。2(2016全国卷)Truly elegant chopsticks might _(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.be made 解析：chopsticks和 make之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，空格前有might，所以用 be made。3(2016四川卷)The giant panda _ (love)by people throughout the 祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友！祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一

34、分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友world.is loved 解析：主语the giant panda和动词 love之间是被动关系，且由后面的by.结构可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态。4 (2015天 津 卷)Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement _(reach)so far by the two sides.has been reached 解析：句意：尽管经过了前几轮的商讨，到目前为止双方仍没有达成一致意见。句中的so far是现在完成时的时间标志短语，agreement 与 reach 之间是被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态。

35、5(2015安徽卷)It is reported that a space station _(build)on the moon in years to come.will be built 解析：句意：据报道，未来几年里将在月球上建造一个空间站。根据时间状语 in years to come可知，“建造空间站”是将来的动作，设空处需用一般将来时；宾语从句的主语a space station与 build之间是被动关系，因此需用一般将来时的被动语态。6(2017武汉武昌区调研)As a foreigner,I _(absorb)and charmed by the genuine warmt

36、h of welcome and unique culture during the trip.was absorbed 解析：考查动词时态和语态。此处描述当时旅行的情景，故应用一般过去时；由语境可知，作者被吸引住了，故应用被动语态。7(2017安徽师大附中高三阶段性测试)This morning,I got an email from the library.It said the book I reserved was ready to be picking up._ picking picked解析：考查动词语态。根据语境可知，pick up 和句子逻辑主语book 构成动宾关系，故用被

37、动语态。通关点击 _ 原则这样解读1被动语态在各种时态中的运用时态被动语态的构成一般现在时am/is/are done 一般过去时was/were done 一般将来时shall/will be done 现在进行时am/is/are being done 过去进行时was/were being done 现在完成时have/has been done 过去完成时had been done 将来完成时shall/will have been done(2015福建卷)To my delight，I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend

38、 the opening ceremony.祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友！祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友使我高兴的是，我从成百上千申请参加开幕仪式的人员中当选。2不能用被动语态的特殊动词(1)系动词类，如look，seem，feel，taste，sound，smell，prove，appear 等；Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。(2)表示主语特征的词，如read，wash，write，sell，wear，lock，break，catch，cut，

39、drive，open，wash等，常与hardly，well,easily，badly，nicely等副词连用。This pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来很流畅。,学生用书 P15)单句语法填空1(2017浙江台州期末考试)We_(reduce)emission of air pollutants in recent years,but cars are still major source of them.have reduced/have been reducing 解析：由句中的时间状语in recent years可知，应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。2(2017福

40、建福州十三中期中考试)Then he_(hide)behind a tree and waited.hid 解析：根据and 后面的 waited可知，与之并列的动作也应用一般过去时。3(2017江西南昌一模)At a young age,he_(move)to Spain and now plays professionally for the FC Barcelona.moved 解析：根据时间状语at a young age 可知，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。4 (2017 浙 江 金 丽 衢 州 十 二 校 联 考)I just graduated from West Co

41、ast University.I_(receive)job skill training just before that,but I had never worked.祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友！祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友had received 解析：此处根据just before that可知，我在之前受过职业技能的培训，根据上句中的一般过去时可知，此处应用过去完成时。5(2017浙江金华十校模拟)Doctors and scientists _(learn)a great deal

42、about sleep in the last thirty years.have learned 解析：根据in the last thirty years可知，本句应用现在完成时。6(2017合肥第一次检测)It s fun for amateurs to try,but to become good at it,not only years of practice but also natural talent _(need)is needed 解析：考查主谓一致和被动语态。“not only.but also.”作主语，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则，故此处谓语动词应用单数。natura

43、l talent与动词 need 之间是动宾关系，故用is needed。7(2017石家庄质量检测)A newborn baby would _(dress)in a gown for his first year or two.Then he was“breeched(穿裤礼)”and wore articles of clothing like shorts.The usual custom is that a boy graduates to trousers around eight years old.be dressed 解析：考查语态。名词baby 和 dress 之间是动宾关

44、系，故用被动语态。8(2017郑州第二次质量预测)A group of people paraded(游行)through the village,two of them dressed as a lion,going into every home to perform a song for good fortune.I _(attract)by this and followed the group,taking photos to share with my family.was attracted 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。该句主语I 和动词 attract之间为被动关系，故用被动语

45、态；该句叙述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。9(2017贵州普通高等学校招生适应性考试)There are many different taboos(禁忌)around the world.A taboo is a social action that is not _(allow)allowed 解析：考查被动语态。该句是一个复合句，在 that 引导的定语从句中关系词that代指 a social action，和动词allow之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。10(2017河北七所名校联考)The market,which _(call)Train Night Market Ratch

46、ada in English,was opened in January 2015 and has become a popular spot for locals and tourists.is called 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。定语从句说的是现在的客观事实，应该用一般现在时；which(指代 The market)与 call之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。单句改错1(2017湖北八校第一次联考)But yesterday we have an argument about the football clubs._ havehad解析：考查动词的时态。根据该句中的时间状语yester

47、day可知，该句应用一祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友！祝您学习进步，生活愉快，万事如意，金榜题名！要相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力吧朋友般过去时，故动词用过去式。2(2017安徽百所重点高中二模)It s not the people you came across in your daily life who will stand by you in time of need._ came come解析：根据本句主要时态为一般现在时以及此处描述通常的情况可知，此处应用一般现在时。3(2017郑州第一次质量预测)When I get home,I s

48、aid to my parents,“Everything was great about the camping.I want to be a teacher like Anna in the future.”_ get got解析：考查动词时态。由said 可知，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。4(2018山东省部分重点中学第一次调研)Tired of sleeping on the floor,a young man in Teheran bought a real bed.It was the first time that he have become the proud o

49、wner of a bed._ havehad解析：It was the first time that sb.had done sth.为固定句型。5(2017洛阳统一考试)When Dad came home,he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what has happened._ hashad解析：考查动词时态。与asked 呼应可知，此处应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。6(2017贵阳监测)Once I went to the market with my mum for a big dinner on Saturday.When we wer

50、e walking past the stalls，a loud noise was caught my attention._ 删除 was 解析：考查动词语态。主语a loud noise与 catch 之间构成主谓关系，表主动，故删除was。7(2017重庆西北狼教育联盟第一次联考)Although the best doctors called for him,he could still find no relief.I have realized that health is worth all the money in the world._ called前面加 were 解析：