2020年高考英语专题训练系列6-4语法填其他体裁11708.pdf

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1、 1 6.4 语法填其他体裁-2020 年高考英语专题训练系列 (一)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Atomic energy is a great discovery of the present century,and many people have played a part in its development.Albert Einstein told the world about 1 basic idea in his famous Theory of Relativity in 1905.As he and other scientists b

2、egan to discover more about the atom,2 learned that a great amount of energy could be released by splitting 3 atom.However,it was also necessary that this energy 4 (control).If it were not,it would be very dangerous.Now atomic energy is used to move ships,and it may also prove useful 5 spaceships.In

3、 fact,this new source of power has so many uses 6 it is almost impossible to imagine all the great changes it 7 (bring)into our lives.Some scientists say the world neednt be afraid of a possible 8 (short)of coal,oil,natural gas or other sources of fuel for the future.They say that 9 these were used

4、up,there would be enough of this type of energy 10 (last)forever.助读词汇 atom n.原子 release vt.释放 split vt.使分裂 atomic energy 原子能/核能 Theory of Relativity 相对论 this type of 这种；这类 a great amount of 大量的 play a part in 在中扮演角色/起作用 (二)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Most of us know about the Nobel Prize,especia

5、lly the Nobel Peace Prize,but few of us know anything about the man who set them up.His name was Alfred Nobel,1 outstanding scientist and inventor.Besides,he had a big business 2 making and selling explosives,which may surprise you.His companies even made and sold weapons.Isnt this something 3 surpr

6、ises you?The man who made money from weapons should set up the Peace Prize?4 Alfred Nobel had a lot of money from weapons,he hated war.He hoped that there would be no war 2 in the world.He was one of the 5 (rich)in Europe.When he died in 1896,he left behind him a lot of money and his famous will.Acc

7、ording to his will,most of his money was placed in a fund.He wanted the interest from the fund to be used as prizes every year.We know them 6 the Nobel Prizes.The Nobel Prizes are international.Alfred Nobel wanted the 7 (win)to be chosen for their work,not the country 8 came from.Alfred Nobel 9 (giv

8、e)his whole life to his studies and work and to the benefits of mankind.He made money all by his own efforts,10 he left the world share his wealth.His inventions and wealth stay with the world forever.助读词汇 explosive n.炸药 fund n.基金 outstanding adj.杰出的 weapon n.武器 will n.遗嘱 interest n.利息；收益 benefit n.

9、利益 efforts n.努力 set up 设立；建立 leave behind 留下 (三)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。City Name:Vatican City Size:0.17 sq.mi.(0.44 km)Population:approximately 1380 Location:Rome,Italy 1 the nearly same size of a golf course,the Vatican City is 2 (small)country in the world.Its 3 (basic)walled enclave(有围墙的

10、飞地)inside of Rome,Italy.It is so small 4 the entire country does not have a single street address.The Vatican City may be small,5 it is very powerful.It is the sovereign territory of the Holy See,or the seat of the Catholic Church,6 has over one billion people(about one in six people on the planet)a

11、s constituents.The Vatican City 7 (create)in 1929 by the Lateran Treaty(拉特兰条约)and is ruled by the Pope,basically a non-hereditary,elected monarch who rules with absolute authority indeed,the Pope is the only absolute monarch in Europe.3 8 unique thing about the smallest country in the world is that

12、9 has no permanent citizens.Citizenship of the Vatican City is conferred upon(授予)those who work at the Vatican(as well as their spouses and children)and is revoked 10 they stop working there.助读词汇 Holy See 罗马教廷 absolute authority 绝对权威 constituent n.组成部分 Pope n.罗马教皇 non-hereditary adj.非世袭的 monarch n.最

13、高统治者；君主 spouse n.配偶 revoke vt.取消；撤销 sovereign territory 有主权的领土 Lateran Treaty the seat of the Catholic Church 天主教教廷的所在地 (四)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Holiday in Great Britain There are eight public holidays or bank holidays in a year in Great Britain,which are days on which people need not to g

14、o to work.1 are Christmas Day,Boxing Day,New Years Day,Good Friday,Easter Monday,May Day,Spring Bank Holiday and Late Summer Bank Holiday.The term“bank holiday”dates back 2 the 19th century when in 1871 and 1875 most of these days were constituted(指定)bank holidays,3 banks were to be closed.All the p

15、ublic holidays,4 Christmas(25 December)and Boxing Day(26 December)do not fall on the same date each year.Most of these holidays are of 5 (religion)origin,though for the greater part of the population they 6 (lose)their religious significance and are simply days on which people relax,eat,drink and ma

16、ke marry.New Year in England is not so enthusiastically observed as Christmas.The 7 (common)type of celebration is a family party.At midnight everyone hears the chimes(钟声)of the Big Ben and 8 toast is drunk to the New Year.The most famous celebration is in London in Trafalgar Square 9 there is a big

17、 Christmas tree(an annual present from Norway),a big crowd is usually gathered 10 someone usually falls into the fountain.助读词汇 4 term n.术语 observe vt.庆祝 toast n.祝酒 annual adj.每年的 fall on 适逢 fountain n.喷泉 religious significance 宗教意义 enthusiastically 满腔热情地 Trafalgar Square 特拉法加广场 fall into 落入；掉进 (五)阅读

18、下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。People in the future will be able to enjoy a longer and healthier life and remain active even in old age.People now 1 (pay)more attention to the importance of a healthy diet and 2 active life.They are careful about 3 they eat and exercise regularly.Advances in medical s

19、cience also allow us to deal with new diseases,such as SARS and AIDS.Some diseases,for example smallpox(天花),have already been 4 (success)defeated.With a better understanding of the human body,scientists and physicians will be able to cure more diseases.Perhaps more importantly,new discoveries in gen

20、etics and biochemistry may lead to changes in the way diseases 5 (cure)and medicines are made.Homework will always be homework,6 the schools of the future will probably be quite different from what they are today.We can study at home 7 watching educators on TV or on a computer screen.In the future,t

21、here may be more“schools on the air”and“e-schools”.Real classrooms will always be popular,but distance education will help people study 8 they have time and wherever they may be.The way 9 view learning and knowledge is also changing.Instead of being students only when we are young,we will become lif

22、elong 10 (learn).助读词汇 genetics n.遗传学；基因学 biochemistry n.生物化学 advance n.进步 physician n.内科医生 defeat vt.打败 distance education 远程教育 (六)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。5 Millions of children now use the Internet,and millions more are coming online each year.Children take interest 1 they can make things h

23、appen with the Internet.Computers will change 2 children learn,communicate and play.Some people believe that schools will no longer be necessary in the near future.They said that because of 3 Internet,there is no longer any need 4 school buildings,classes and teachers.Perhaps this will be true one d

24、ay,but if the world has no schools,I cant imagine what our 5 (social)will be.In fact,we should learn how to use new technology to make schools 6 (good).We should invent a new kind of school that is connected 7 libraries,museums,science centers,labs and even companies on the Internet.Companies should

25、 make learning programs for schools.Scientists or professors could give talks through the Internet.TV stations could develop learning programs for students.Labs could set up websites 8 (show)new technology so that students could see 9 on the Internet.How will this brand-new kind of school change the

26、 usual way of learning?It is too early to be sure,but it is very exciting to think about it.We are sure that technology 10 (change)the way we learn and schools will change as well.助读词汇 website n.网站 brand-new adj.崭新的 millions of 数以百万计的 take interest 感兴趣 set up 建立 as well 也(=too)(七)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单

27、词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nowadays more and more people read e-books.Digital books are 1 (cheap)to publish,and they can save many forests.2 they turn textbooks into e-books,students do not have to buy heavy and expensive textbooks.They can instead just carry small laptops or just read the books from any school c

28、omputer.Surely 3 printed books and e-books have advantages.Printed books are easy 4 (read)and you can read them anywhere you want and in any position.You can lie on a sofa and read,or lie in your bed and read.E-books are cheap and easy to get.5 also save a lot of room.Searching through e-books is mu

29、ch easier than through printed books,if you want to find a certain topic or something else.E-books can be more attractive if they are made multimedia,6 (leave)printed books far behind.6 Some people,however,dont like to keep looking 7 a screen when they are reading 8 novel.Not only does it make their

30、 eyes very tired,it also doesnt feel the same.They love the 9 (weigh)and even the smell of books.That is to say,reading e-books cannot fully match the enjoyment and feel of reading printed books.Additionally,e-books are not for people 10 are computer-illiterate(文盲的),or who do not fully understand co

31、mputers.助读词汇 laptop n.手提电脑 multimedia n.多媒体 digital adj.数字的 match vt.比得上 additionally adv.此外 in any position 以任何姿势 leavefar behind 把远远地甩在后面 (八)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The first newspaper was written by hand and put up on walls in public places.The 1 (early)daily newspaper was started in Rome

32、 in 59 BC.In the 700s the worlds first printed newspaper was published.Europe didnt have a regularly published newspaper 2 1609,when one was started in Germany.The first regularly published newspaper in English was printed in Amsterdam in 1620.In 1621,3 English newspaper was started in London and wa

33、s published once a week.The first daily English newspaper was the Daily Courtant,4 came out in March 1702.In 1690,Benjamin Harris 5 (print)the first American newspaper in Boston.6 not long after it was first published,the government stopped the paper.In 1704,John Campbell started the Boston Newspape

34、r,the first newspaper 7 (publish)daily in the American Colonies(殖民地).8 1760,the colonies had had more than thirty daily newspapers.There are now about 1,800 daily papers in United States.Today,as a group,English language newspapers have the largest 9 (circulate)in the world.But the largest circulati

35、on for a newspaper is that of the Japanese newspaper Asahi Shimbun.10 sells more than eleven million copies every year.助读词汇 regularly adv.定期地 copy n.份数 put up 张贴 come out 出现；出版 7 not long after 之后不久 as a group 作为整体；总体来讲 (九)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Dear friends,I am happy to give a talk,sharin

36、g what I learnt about first aid.First aid is the timely treatment 1 (give)to the injured before doctors come.Students 2 we are,we should prepare for an emergency by learning something about first aid,3 is urgently needed in some accidents.For example,if someone suffers from 4 sprained ankle while do

37、ing sports,the best way to treat 5 is to put an ice pack or cold water on his ankle.When 6 (treat)a cut,we should take immediate action to clean the wound and stop the bleeding.Call 120 if the injury is too severe to deal with.Besides,keeping a first-aid kit 7 (hand)is a wise choice.Of course,the ki

38、t is supposed to contain necessary items that can deal with a variety of emergencies.In conclusion,knowing how to perform first aid is of great importance in our daily life,which sometimes means a total difference 8 life and death.Only 9 a cool mind and adequate knowledge of first aid can we offer a

39、 helping hand 10 necessary.助读词汇 timely adj.及时的 emergency n.紧急情况 urgently adv.迫切地 severe adj.严重的 perform vt.执行 adequate adj.足够的；充足的 sprained ankle 裸关节扭伤 ice pack 冰袋 first-aid kit 急救箱 be supposed to 理应 necessary items 必须物品 a variety of 各种各样的 (十)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。First Aid Kit 8 We should

40、 all have one,and in fact,we should all have more than one.1 (recommend)state that you should carry a first aid kit in the car,there should be a first aid kit in the home,in the office,at school,when you go out hiking,cycling or on any other type of outdoor adventure,we need access 2 first aid kits

41、at all times.Make sure that you find out 3 the first aid kits 4 (store)when they are needed.Being prepared for an emergency is vital,and a well-stocked(备货充足的)first aid kit can make sure that you are ready for emergencies as 5 happen.First aid kits are available ready made in many different shapes an

42、d sizes.Many people find 6 convenient to buy a ready-made first aid kit,it saves having to think,7 other people prefer to make up their own first aid kit and buy the necessary items 8 (individual).Even if you buy a ready-made first aid kit,however,youve still got to check it out occasionally to:repl

43、ace any items which have been used replace any medications which 9 (become)out of date stock up on personalized medication make sure that the batteries still work in the flashlight There are some items which must be included in your first aid kit and 10 which are more personal.The stuff(东西)you must

44、include are:(Please find out the items on your own.)助读词汇 ready-made adj.现成的 medication n.药物 vital adj.至关重要的 occasionally adv.偶尔；不定期地 available adj.可用的 personalized adj.个性化的 flashlight n.手电筒 at all times 始终 go hiking 去远足 out of date 过期的 check out 核实 stock up on 置办 9 6.4 语法填其他体裁-2020 年高考英语专题训练系列 参考答案

45、(一)本文作者告诉我们核能/原子能的作用，将来它会成为人类取之不尽用之不竭的能源。1.its 此处 its 指代 Atomic energys。2.they 此空显然缺少主语故填代词，they 指代 he and other scientists。3.an 不定冠词的基本用法，表“一个(原子)”，atom 是元音音素开头，故填 an。4.(should)be controlled 空前的 it was also necessary that 句型后面要用虚拟语气。control 在此作谓语，故只需要考虑时态和语态，energy 与 control 显然存在被动关系，故填(should)be c

46、ontrolled，should 常省略。5.for 常用搭配，useful for意为“对有用”。6.that 此处是个 sothat结构，that 引导结果状语从句。7.will bring 此句 it 7 (bring)into our lives 是个定语从句，修饰先行词 great changes。bring 在此从句中作谓语，故只需要考虑时态和语态。有前面的 imagine 可知此空应用一般将来时态。8.shortage 形容词修饰名词。9.if 此空后面是两个分句，故填连接词。if 引导条件状语从句。10.to last 整句话是个虚拟语气句型。动词 last 在此是非谓语动词，

47、用不定式作后置定语，修饰 energy。(二)本文简要讲述阿尔弗雷德诺贝尔的一些轶事以及诺贝尔奖设立的历史和经过。1.an 此空所在的语块是个同位语。不定冠词的基本用法，表“一个/一位”，后的 outstanding 是元音音素开头，故填 an。2.from 语块 2 making and selling explosives 既不作主语也不作宾语或表语，故常填介词。from 表“从”，此外，从下文 Alfred Nobel had a lot of money from weapons 也可推知答案。3.that 此处 that 引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词只能用 that，不能用 whi

48、ch。4.Although/Though 空后是两个分句，故此空肯定是填连接词。根据后面的 he hated war 可知，此处存在一个让步关系，故填 Although 或 Though，引导让步状语从句。5.richest 此题是非纯空格题，只需要考虑：动词、形容词或副词的比较等级、词类的转化。根据句意和 one of the不难推知应填最高级。6.as 常用结构 knowas意为“把称之为”。as 作为介词时，常意为“作为”。10 7.winners 根据句子成分分析，此处缺少宾语，因此填名词。注意用复数。(有些考生常忘加复数)8.they 此处缺少主语，故填代词。they 指代 winn

49、ers。9.had given 整篇文章的主题时态是一般过去式。give 在此处作为谓语，故只需要考虑时态和语态即可。根据文意可知，此处是讲诺贝尔对人类的贡献和影响，故用完成时最合适。(注意是过去完成时态)10.but 空的前后是两个分句，故填连接词。根据文意，此处显然存在一个转折关系，故填并列连词but。(三)本文介绍世界上拥有主权的最小国家梵蒂冈。1.With 空后是名词，且此语块在句中不作主语、宾语或表语，常填介词。表“有多少人口、多大面积”的介词短语结构常用 with。注意首字母要大写。2.the smallest 从空后的 in the world 可知此处应用最高级。3.basic

50、ally 副词修饰形容词 walled，如：a really powerful country.4.that 常用结构 sothat，that 在此引导结果状语从句。5.but 根据空前的 may be small 可知，此处显然存在一个转折关系。6.which 此处 which 引导一个非限定性定语从句。7.was created 括号内是个动词且作谓语，只需要考虑时态和语态。从空后的 in 1929 可知用一般过去式。此外，主语 The Vatican City 和动词 create 明显存在被动关系。故填 was created。8.Another 短文前几段都是介绍梵蒂冈独特之处，此段