虚拟语气讲义和练习(共5页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上虚拟语气一、考点聚焦 1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 （1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be动词的过去式用were）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。如：If I were a boy, I would join the army.If the had time, she should go with you.（2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would / should / might / could + hav

2、e +过去分词”。如：If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.（3）表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/could might + 动词原形。如；If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.（4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调

3、整。如：If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式：条件状语从句主 句与过去事实相反had + 过去分词should /would/could/might + have + 过去分词与现在事实相反一般过去时(be用were)would/should/could/might + 动词原形与将来事实相反一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形Would/should/cold/might + 动词原形有时侯在使用时可省略if,句

4、子则可换成下列形式，即“were / had / should +主语”。如：Were I a boy, I would join the army.Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句（1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could +

5、 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”或“could(should) + have + 过去分词”。如：I wish it were spring all the year round.I wish I had known the answer.I wish I could fly like a bird.在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形或是动词原形。如：She sugg

6、ested we (should)leave here at once.The doctor ordered she should be operated.（2）虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should） + 动词原形”。如：His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.My idea is that they (shou

7、ld)pay 100 dollars.（3）虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should + 动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。如：It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that we should clean the room every day.It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless.It will be desired(suggested, decided, ordered, re

8、quested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon.注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。如：It is pity that you cant swim.3、虚拟语气在其他场合的运用（1）虚拟语气在as if/as though、even if/even though等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。如：H

9、e did it as if he were an expert.Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.（2）虚拟语气用于定语从句中。这种从句常用于句型“It is (high)time (that) ”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should + 动词原形，意思是“(现在)该”。如：Its time that I picked up my daughter.Its high time we were going.（3）虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中。如：If only I were a

10、 bird.If only I had taken his advice.（4）虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中。如：It would be better for you not to stay up too late.Would you be kind enough to close the door?用于一些习惯表达法中。如：Would you like a cup of tea?I would rather not tell you. 二、精典名题导解选择填空1. When a pencil is p

11、artly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken 2. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother.A.has come B.did come C.came D.had come3. If he _, he _that food.Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.(N

12、MET 93) A.was warned; would not takeB.had been warned; would not have takenC.would be warned; had not takenD.would have been warned; had not taken高考虚拟语气真题：1. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drove didnt getB. drove wouldnt get C. were driving wouldnt getD. had driven would

13、nt have got 2. Yesterday Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she _ something she would regret later. A. had saidB. saidC. might sayD. might have said3. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _ a goal. A. had scoredB. scoredC. would scoreD. would have scored4. Wh

14、at would have happened, _ as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked fartherB. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked fartherD. if Bob walked farther5. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A.

15、 wouldnt have fallenB. had not fallen C. should fallD. were to fall6. How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden! A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had虚拟语气课后练习1I enjoyed the movie very muchI wish I the book from which it was made Ahave read Bhad read Cshould have read Dam reading2Y

16、ou are lateIf you a few minutes earlier,you him Acame；Would meetBhad come；Would have met Ccome；Will meet Dhad come；would meet3I cant stand himHe always talks as though he everything Aknew Bknows Chas know Dhad known4His doctor suggested that he short trip abroad Awill take Bwould take Ctake Dtook5We

17、 might have failed if you us a helping hand Ahave not given Bwould not give Chad not given Ddid not give6The law requires that everyrone his car checked at least once a month Ahas Bhave Chad Dwill have7He was busy yesterday，otherwise he to the meeting Awould come Bwould have been Ccould have been Dw

18、ould be8If there were no subjunctive mood，English much easier Awill be Bwould have been Ccould have been Dwould be9 the fog，we should have reached our schoo1 ABecause of BIn spite of CIn case of DBut for10What will you do during winter vacation? I dont know，but its about time something AI decided BI

19、ll decide CId decided DIm deciding11He was very busy yesterday，otherwise，he to your birthday party Awould come Bcame Cwould have come Dshould come12The two strangers talked as if they friends for years Ashould be Bhad been Chave been Dwere13Look! What youve done!You have been more careful Ashould Bm

20、ay Cought Dwould14Without electricity，what ? Awill the world be like Bwould the world be like Cthe world will be like Dthe World Would be like15With your ability，you out the puzzle within a few minutesA could have worked Bneed have worked B Cought have worked Dmust have worked16My suggestion is that

21、 the sick boy to hospital as soon as possible Ais taken Bmust be taken Cbe taken Dhas to be taken17If we had not missed the bus，we lunch at home now Awould have had Bwould have Cmust be having Dwould be having18 here yesterday，he would attend the lecture with us today AHad he been BIf he were CWere

22、he DShould be he19His tired face suggested that he really tired after the 1ong walk Ahad been Bwas Cbe Dshould be20Do you feel that I the problem in a different way the other day? Ashould come Bshould have solved Chave solved Dsolved210ur chairman hasnt come yetIf he on time，we would have to put off

23、 the meeting Ashould come Bwould come Cshouldnt come Ddoesnt come22He insisted that he really very tried and that he to have a rest Awas；be allowed Bwas；must be allowed Cshould be；must be allowed Dshould be；be allowed23He did his best in everything； he would not have been what he was Aand Bbut Cothe

24、rwise Dbut that24I do I could give you a hand Ahope Bwish Cexpect Dthink25I Would rather she tomorrow than today Acome Bcame Cshould Dhas come26The guard at the gate insisted that everybody the rules Aobeys Bobey Cwill obey DWould obey27I her if I thought she would understand Awould tell Bwill tell

25、CWould have to1d Dtold28The teacher requires Rose by heart 15 English words each day A1earn Bto learn Cmust learn D1earning29If he ，he that food Luckily he was sent to the hospita1 immediate1y AWas warmed；would not take Bhad been warmed；wou1d not have taken Cwould be warmed；had not taken Dwould have been warmed；had not taken30Without electricity human life quite different today Ais Bwill be Cwould have been DWould be专心-专注-专业