人教版初中英语常用时态与其时间状语20803.pdf

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1、 1 初中英语最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配 一、一般现在时：表示现在经常性的动作或现在存在的状态。常与表示频度或现在经常性的时间状连用。如：always=all the time=forever=for ever、often usually、every day(week,month,year,spring,summer,autumn,winter,Sunday,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday)sometimes=at times=from time to time.at seven(six)、seldom,never,in

2、 the morning(afternoon、evening,)on Sunday(Monday、Tuesday、Wednesday、Thursday、Friday、Saturday)once a year(month、week、)three times a day twice a day,all the year around=all over the year,all day long,day and night,all day and all night,in the day=in the day time,in the middle of the day=at noon,at nigh

3、t,at midnight=in the middle of the night 等。E.g.:They go to school on foot every day.附：一般现在时的基本句型：肯定句：He/She/It/sb.does sth.否定句：He/She/It/sb.doesnt do sth.疑问句：Does he/she/it/sb.do sth.?肯定句：I/You/We/They/复数名词 do sth.否定句：I/You/We/They/复数名词 dont do sth.疑问句：Do I/You/We/They/复数名词 do sth.?二、一般过去时：表示在过去时间里发

4、生的动作和存在的状态。常与过去时间状语或过去经常性的时间状语连用如：yesterday、the day before yesterday,last night(week,month,year,spring,summer,autumn,winter,September,Spring Festival)an hour ago、a year ago,three years ago,once,once upon a time,long,long ago,.later,Long before the other day、in 1988、before liberation,always,often,usu

5、ally,sometimes=at times=from time to time,just now，a moment ago,以及由 when,before,after,as soon as 等引导的状语从句表示过去的时间状语。E.g.:He always studied hard last year.附：一般过去时态的基本句型：肯定句：sb.did sth.否定句：sb.didnt do sth.疑问句：Did sb.do sth.?三、一般将来时：表示从现在看来将要发生的动作和存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语。如 tomorrow,next week(month year，spring

6、,summer,autumn,winter,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday,century),the day after tomorrow，in the future,some time next week 等连用。E.g.:She will be ten years old on Saturday next week.四、过去将来时：表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作和存在的状态。常与 the next week,the following day,the next year 连用，由 would(should)+动原构成

7、或 was(were)going to+动原构成。五、现在进行时：表示现在（说话时）或现阶段正在进行的动作。常与 now,these days，at the moment 连用或通过上下文如：look,listen,等词来暗示。构成由助动词 am(is,are)十现在分词。否定句、一般疑问句与 am,is,are 当连系动词变化一样。E.g.:He isnt reading English now.六、过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作。常与表示过去某一时刻的时间状语连用。如：this time yesterday.at seven yesterday evening.或由

8、 when while 等引起的状语从句。构成由助动词 was,(were)+现在分词。was,were 是助动词无“是”意思，但所用人称和数及句式变化与当是讲一样。E.g.:I was doing my homework at this time yesterday evening.七、现在完成时：表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响和结果。强调影响和结果，不强调过去的动作。（若强调过去的动作用一般过去时）构成由 have(has)+过去分词。现在完成时属于现在时态，因而只能于表示现在的时间状语如：now,these days,already,yet,ever,never,in the pas

9、t three years,in the past five years,up to now=so far=up till now,once,recently,for,since,before how long 连用。不能与过去时间连用。（have,has是助动词，无意，所用人称及变化与当有讲相同。）E.g.:He has lived in Sydney since 1986.八、现在完成进行时:表示现在之前的一段时间里一直在进行的一个动作，这个动作可能仍然在进行，也可能停止了一会儿。常与持续的时间状语 these days,recently,all afternoon,all morning

10、,how long 连用 have(has)+done.E.g.I have been collecting stamps.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别 2 现在完成进行时可以与时间状语连用，也可以不用时间状语。这一点与现在完成时不同。现在完成时通常与时间状语，如 since，ever since，for three months，just，already,yet 等连用。现在完成进行时通常与 all the（this）morning afternoonday month 或 the whole day 等连用。试对比以下各例：I have been working on the expe

11、riment report this morning，but I havent completed it yet我今天一上午都在写实验报告，可是到现在也没写完。They have been repairing the broken road他们一直在维修那条被损坏的道路。（可能是刚歇息下来，也可能还在修。）They have already repaired the broken road他们把路修完了。（动作已经结束）现在完成进行时表示一种不间断的持续性行为。如果表示一个重复动作，或者表示动作做过的次数时，不能用现在完成进行时。例如：Ive been writing letters sinc

12、e breakfast Ive written to him three times，but I havent heard from him up till now 笔者通过比较以下两个例句说明这两种时态的区别：Why havent you turned in your report yet？你怎么还没有交报告呀？I have been reading the results of the experiment all the morning You have told us to study the statistics before working on the report 整个上午我都

13、在读实验结果。您告诉过我们要先研究数据再写报告。以上例句中的 I have been reading不可改为 I have read，因为 I have been reading 实际上表示“I was reading and l will be reading”这层含意。又如：How about going out for a walk？I dont feel like going out this eveningIve been working in the garden all day 如果在句中用 have worked，则表示 work 这个动作给 garden 带来的结果。九、过去

14、完成时（用法一）:表示过去某一时间或过去某一动作之前就已经发生的事情或存在的状态。它所指的时间是“过去的过去”。常与 already.yet,ever,never,in the past three years,in the past five years,by the end of last month,by the end of last year,by nine oclock,for,since,before(three years before,ten months before,two weeks before)等时间连用，构成：had+过去分词,had 是助动词，无意，所用于所有人称及句式变化和当有讲相同。但当过去完成时出现在宾语录从句中时不能改疑问句。用法二、表示过去某一动作持续到过去某一时间（某一动作）为止可能结束也可能继续。had+done.E.g.By the time I went out,the bus had left.