人教版高中英语语法专项第二部分第三讲形容词和副词43740.pdf

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1、名师整理，助你成功 第三讲 形容词和副词,学生用书 P266P268)一、形容词和副词的基本用法 形 容 词 的 基 本 用 法 形容词是用来修饰名词的词，在句中主要用作定语、表语、宾补，少数形容词也可与定冠词连用，指某一类人/物(2014高考福建卷)With online shopping increasingly popular，the Internet is seen as an efficient way of reaching target customers.一般情况下，形容词作定语放在被修饰词前，形容词短语放在被修饰词后。但形容词作定语修饰some，any，every，no 和

2、body，thing，one 等构成的复合不定代词时，需后置 Is there anything wrong，Bob?You look sad.Oh，nothing much.In fact，I was just thinking of my friends.名师整理，助你成功 有些形容词作前置定语和后置定语意义不同 the present people 现在的人们 the people present 在场的人们 the absent students 心不在焉的学生 the students absent 缺席的学生 the concerned teachers 忧心忡忡的老师们 the

3、teachers concerned(与)有关的老师们 多个形容词作定语的排列顺序：限定词(these/those)序数词基数词/量词描绘性形容词(beautiful)大/小长短高低形状年龄新/旧颜色国籍(American)材料用途(writing)名词(2013高考上海卷)Its a charming small French clock，made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.形 容 词 的 基 表语形容词：有些形容词(通常以 a开头的形容词)只作表语，但可作后置定语和宾语补足语。常见的表语形容词：afraid，alone，

4、awake，asleep，Im afraid this question is beyond me.I was once ashamed to admit my weakness.The baby asleep might be awake very soon.I can t tell you how much the precious picture is 名师整理，助你成功 本 用 法 alive，alike，ashamed，well，sorry，unable，worth，sure 等 worth.形容词作状语时表示伴随或结果，并不表示动作的方式 Lighthearted and opti

5、mistic，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.高考考查频率较高的形容词 accessible，adaptable，affordable，available，cautious，complex，confident，convenient，effective，essential，frequent，grateful，innocent，optimistic，potential，responsible，sensitive，spare，stable，thoughtful，unique，valuabl

6、e，worthwhile，etc.副 词 的 基 副词主要用来修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子，作状语。作定语的副词主要为表示时间或地点的副词，如：here，(2014高考浙江卷)The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others blindly.名师整理，助你成功 本 用 法 there，down，up，below，above等，这些副词作后置定语 副词修饰形容词或其他副词，一般位于被修饰词之前。但enough 需放在所修饰词之后。Students brave

7、enough to take the adventure course will learn a lot of useful skills.so/as/too/how/that 修饰形容词加名词时的顺序：so/as/too/how/thatadj.a/ann.I make$2，000 a week，$60 surely wont make that big a difference to me.有些副词置于句首可修饰全句，作评注性状语 Thankfully，I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the en

8、d.高考考查频率较高的副词 actually，adequately，closely，definitely，especially，equally，eventually，fortunately，frequently，generally，gradually，hardly，merely，narrowly，punctually，seriously，surprisingly，thankfully，willingly，etc.常考的高频关联副词 though“虽然，然而”；名师整理，助你成功 therefore“因此”；instead“相反”；besides/moreover/furthermore“另外，

9、而且，除此之外”；however“然而，但是”；otherwise“要不然，否则”；still“仍然，依然”；yet“然而，可是”；thus“因而，于是”；anyway“无论如何”二、形容词和副词的比较等级 1比较级和最高级的构成 规 则 变 化 一般在形容词、副词后面加-er，est talltallertallest highhigherhighest fastfasterfastest quickquickerquickest 对于以辅音字母加 y 结尾的形容词、副词，则改 y 为 i，再加-er，est earlyearlierearliest heavyheavierheaviest

10、 对于以辅音字母加-e 结尾的形容词、副词，则在后面加r，st latelaterlatest palepalerpalest 对于以重读闭音节加一个辅音字母结尾的形容词、副词，则双写这个辅thinthinnerthinnest hothotterhottest 名师整理，助你成功 音字母，再加-er，est 不 规 则 变 化 原级 比较级 最高级 good;well better best bad;ill worse worst many;much more most far farther;further farthest；furthest old older;elder oldest;

11、eldest little less least 2.比较级和最高级的用法 等级 形式 意义 原 级 asadj./adv.(原级)as as形容词原级a(n)n.as.和一样 as many n.(pl.)/muchn.(U)as 和一样多 not as/so.as.和不一样 比 较 级.比较级than 比更 less.than 不如 the比较级of the two名词 两者中较 的那个 比较级and比较级 越来越 the比较级.，the比较级.越就越 最 高 级 the 最高级比较范围 最.比较级than any other 单数名词 比任何一个都.比较级than all the oth

12、er复数名词 比其他所有名师整理，助你成功 都.比较级than anything/anyone else 比任何一个都 否定词比较级 再也不为过 比 较 级 的 特 殊 结 构 no比较级than 和一样不 not比较级than 不比更 no more than 仅仅，只不过 not more than 不超过；不多于 more A than B 与其说 B，不如说 A more than 非常；不仅仅 no less than 多达；有之多 not less than 不少于；至少 no less.than.同一样 not less.than.在方面不亚于 修饰 等级 修饰比较级的常用副词：

13、far，even，much，still，rather，a lot，a great deal，a bit，a little，quite，any(用于否名师整理，助你成功 的词 定句/疑问句)等。修饰最高级的常用副词：nearly，almost，by far，the first/second 等。(2014高考大纲全国卷)Raymonds parents wanted him to have the best possible education.雷蒙德的父母想让他接受最好的教育。(2013高考天津卷)I think watching TV every evening is a waste of

14、timethere are more meaningful things to do.我认为每天晚上看电视是白费时间有更有意义的事可以去做。(2013高考安徽卷)Its said that the power plant is now twice as large as what it was.据说这个发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。(2013高考辽宁卷)This is by far the most inspiring movie that I have ever seen.这是我曾看过的最鼓舞人心的电影了。With summer coming，the day is becoming longer

15、 and longer.随着夏天的到来，白天变得越来越长。Your story is perfect;Ive never heard a better one before.你的故事太完美了，我从来没有听到比这好听的故事。Of the two bags，which one do you prefer?你更喜欢这两个包中的哪一个？The bigger one.Its a most beautiful one，I think.大的那个。我觉得它非常漂亮。China is the largest country in Asia.China is larger than any other count

16、ry in Asia.China is larger than all the other countries in Asia.No country in Asia is larger than China.中国是亚洲最大的国家。Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.从国外进口的货物并不一定比中国做得好。Yes.Some of the goods made in our country are of high quality.没错。我们国家生产的一些商品质量很高。名师整理，助你成功,学

17、生用书 P268P270).根据汉语意思，完成下列句子 1(2014高考江苏卷)星期天我不能见你了。除此之外我要忙于别的事情。I cant meet you on Sunday.Ill be _ occupied.2(2014高考安徽卷)我在求职面试中的良好表现让我对未来以及在这里我所能做的事持乐观态度。My good performance in the job interview left me _(optimistically)about my future and about what I can do here.3(2014高考江西卷)谢谢你告诉我们怎么到达那所房子，否则，我们就找不

18、到它了。Thanks for your directions to the house;we wouldnt have found it _ 4(2014高考湖北卷)关于 Jasmine Westland 的胜利让人印象如此深刻的是她光着脚丫在马拉松比赛中夺得了第一名。What was so _(impress)about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.5(2014高考湖北卷)她没有责备那个打碎了花瓶的孩子，而是给他一个宽容的微笑，并让他走了。Instead of bl

19、aming the child who had broken the vase,she gave him a _(tolerantly)smile and let him go.6(2014高考大纲全国卷)亨利离开家很长一段时间了，很少看见他的家人。Henry was away from home for quite a bit and _ saw his family.7(2014高考浙江卷)你没有理由失望。事实上，这可能会非常有趣。Theres no reason to be disappointed._，this could be rather amusing.8(2014高考浙江卷)勇

20、于面对你的问题而不是逃避它们是解决事情的最好办法。Facing up to your problems _ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.9(2013高考浙江卷)玛丽刚开始在公司是临时秘书，但最终她在这里得到了一份全职的工作。Mary worked here as a _(temporarily)secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the company.名师整理，助你成功 10(2013高考湖北卷)别再护着他了，很明显他是故

21、意破坏花园栅栏的(而且)根本没有道歉。Dont defend him any more.Its obvious that he _(deliberate)destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.11(2013高考辽宁卷)我搬到纽约之后的头两天，一切似乎都很顺利。Everything seemed to be going _(smooth)for the first two days after I moved to New York.12(2013高考新课标全国卷)它或许不是一个好建议，但有更好的建议之前，我们先凑合一下。I

22、t may not be a great suggestion.But before _ is put forward,well make do with it.13这家饭店还不如我们以前去的那家饭店的一半好。This restaurant wasnt _ that other restaurant we went to.14长途旅行后，他们三个回到了家，又累又饿。After the long journey，the three of them went back home，_ 15大家普遍认为足球比赛要比其他的任何比赛令人兴奋得多。It is generally considered tha

23、t the football match is far _ any other match.16Juliet 是沃尔玛的常客之一，因为她住在离沃尔玛仅两个街区远的地方。Juliet is one of the _(frequently)customers to Walmart,because she lives just two blocks away.17 在这个诗人新出版的诗集中，他生动地描述了宁静的落基山脉和美丽的密西西比河。The poet _(vivid)described the peaceful Rocky Mountain and the beautiful Mississip

24、pi River in his newly published poetry.18 为了下个赛季有更好的表现，篮球教练员们抓紧时间去寻找有巨大潜力的年轻球员。Basketball coaches waste no time in searching for _(promise)young players of great potential for better performances in the coming season.19我不完全同意他，不过他的观点有些是正确的。I cant agree with him completely.Theres some truth in his op

25、inion,_ 20你喜欢玛丽的新发型吗？Do you like Marys new hairstyle?很棒！她一头卷曲的短发看上去好看多了！Perfect！How much _(good)she looks with the curly short hair!答案：1.otherwise 2.optimistic 3.otherwise 4impressive 5.tolerant 6.seldom 7.As a matter of fact/In fact 8.rather than 9.temporary 10.deliberately 11.smoothly 12.a better

26、one 13.half as good as 14.hungry and tired 15.more exciting than 16.frequent 17.vividly 18.promising 19.though 20.better.单句改错 1Ill try to be more carefully next time._ 2We want to make our school as beautifully as a flower garden._ 3He is one of the greatest alive artists in the world today._ 名师整理，助

27、你成功 4He says that skiing is much exciting than skating._ 5It is rather danger either to drink or use polluted water._ 6It seems easily，but as a matter of fact it isnt._ 7Dont afraid of making mistakes in the course of your English study._ 8She is in more health now than she was last year._ 9Of all t

28、he radios she saw in the shop，the one she liked more was made in China._ 10The book contains much use information.Its well worth reading._ 11It was real very dangerous.You might have injured yourself._ 12Im terrible sorry to hurt you._ 13The new film Coming home made by Zhang Yimou was high thought

29、of._ 14I have yet read this passage,so I know what it is about._ 15She said that her son worked happy there every day._ 16When he was young，he read a lot and late he became a famous writer of his day._ 17Most people can quick get help from a doctor when ill._ 18The teacher told me that Mary did very

30、 good in drawing._ 19Most Americans feel uncomfortable if they stand too closely to others when talking._ 20It is also possibly for readers to borrow books from college libraries._ 答案：1.carefullycareful 2.beautifullybeautiful 3aliveliving 4.muchmore 或 much 后加 more 5 danger dangerous 6.easilyeasy 7.在

31、 afraid 前 加be 8.morebetter 9.moremost 10 use useful 11.realreally 12.terribleterribly 13.highhighly 14.yetalready 15.happyhappily 16.latelater 17.quickquickly 18.goodwell 19.closelyclose 20possibly possible.语法填空 名师整理，助你成功 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于 3 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。When a plane from London arrived at S

32、ydney airport，workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes 1._ contained clothing.No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was 2._(extreme)heavy.It suddenly 3._(occur)to one of the workers to open up the box.He was 4._(astonish)at what he found.A man was lying in the box on top of

33、 a pile of 5._(wool)goods.He was 6._ surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away.After he was arrested，the man admitted 7._(hide)in the box before the plane left London.He had had a long and 8._(comfort)trip，for he had been confined(关在)to the 9._(wood)box for over eighteen hou

34、rs.The man was ordered to pay 3，500 for the cost of the trip，which was 10._ expensive than the normal price，which only cost 2，000.1【解析】引导定语从句并在定语从句中作主语，先行词是物，用 which。【答案】which 2【解析】修饰形容词 heavy，用副词形式。【答案】extremely 3【解析】此句缺谓语，由上下文可知是叙述过去的事，用一般过去时。【答案】occurred 4【解析】作表语要用形容词；表示“感到惊讶”，用-ed 形容词。【答案】astoni

35、shed 5【解析】作定语用形容词形式，woolen 表示“羊毛制的”。【答案】woolen 6【解析】修饰形容词要用副词，由后文的 that 可知，填 so，构成 so.that.句型。【答案】so 7【解析】因 admit 后要求用 doing 作宾语。【答案】hiding 8【解析】在名词 trip 前作定语，要用形容词；由长时间躺在箱子里可知，旅途是“不舒适的”，故填 uncomfortable。【答案】uncomfortable 9【解析】形容词作定语，wooden 表示“木制的”。【答案】wooden 10【解析】由 than 可知前面的形容词要用比较级，故填 more。【答案】more