2020年硒的形态分析方法概述及其在生物有效性研究中的应用参照模板2236.pdf

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1、硒的形态分析方法概述及其在生物有效性研究中的应用 摘要：硒的形态研究是了解环境中硒的毒性、生物可利用性、迁移和生物地球化学循环等方面的基 础。本文总结了环境样品中硒形态的研究方法，及其形态分析在生物有效性研究中的应用。关键词：硒；形态分析；方法：生物有效性；应用 1前言 硒位于第六主族，是一种准金属元素。地壳中硒的丰度仅为0.05-0.09 Mg/g,但山 于人为因素与自然因素的影响使硒在自然界中分布日益广泛，一般大气、水、土壤中硒 水平为Mg/g-ng/g级o 一定条件下，各种形态的硒类化合物可相互转化。有报道以葡萄糖作为外加碳源,研究天然水体中亚硒酸钠通过微生物反应转化为单质硒和挥发态硒（

2、如二中基硒、二屮 基二硒）的实验。1957年，Schwar首先证明硒作为谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性中心，是人体必需的 微量元素。近年来，适量的硒摄入水平与癌症、心血管病、糖尿病、白内障、老年痴呆 症等各种疾病的密切相关性日益引起人们的重视。我们在贫硒地区通过口服亚硒酸钠来 治疗预防克山病、大骨节病。硒作为多种重金属元素（如Cd、Hg等）的天然解毒剂、可拮抗环境中多种有害物质 的毒性。硒化合物的生理、生物活性，及其在环境中的迁移转化规律，同硒存在的化学形态 及不同化学形态下硒的浓度水平直接相关。硒分析方法在研究生命科学、环境科学、材 料科学等领域均具重要意义。1环境中硒的存在形式 硒存在形式的早期

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