托福阅读觉得好难看不懂怎么办.docx

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1、托福阅读觉得好难，看不懂怎么办 托福阅读觉得好难，看不懂怎么办?不用担忧，下面我就给大家共享一些小建议!希望对大家有所帮助。 托福阅读觉得好难，看不懂怎么办? 驾驭了肯定的词汇量，在托福阅读考试中有时通篇不见一个生词，可还是看不懂文章，是怎么回事呢?缘由一是不知道有些单词的一词多义，二是缺乏必要的语法结构学问，分不清句子中词汇的相互关系和作用。所以，提高新托福阅读实力还要学会分析长句，弄清不同句子成分间的关系。 现在新托虽不干脆考语法题，但在口语、写作以及阅读的题型中无不体现出对语法的理解与精确的运用实力。 尤其在口语及写作这两项输出实力的考察上更为突出。比如，假如学好了定语从句、名词性从句、

2、非谓语动词等相关的语句、语法学问，对于一些指代题，细微环节题甚至句子释义词会驾轻就熟，假如驾驭好倒装句的特点，在阅读中会帮助你理解句意;学会了状语从句，把握好状语从句，熟识各种连接词的用法，训练自己对一些文章中间一些关键词的敏感度，像but, same, in order to, as.as,许多词，甚至是名词、动词，但都特别有用。 这会对新托福阅读考试中的词汇揣测，修辞手法的理解以及逻辑推理等方面的题型帮助很大。而驾驭好虚拟语气的用法，会帮助你更有效地把握作者的看法，写作的意图。总之，学好语法，具备分析长句、难句的实力，是做好阅读的关键。 学会概括、归纳，争取做阅读“超人” 归纳大意是托福阅

3、读理解的重点实力，这就要求考生要具备肯定的概括实力。首先，学会研读段首、段尾句，挑出主题句。然后，在新托福阅读训练中，要学会划分段落层次，懂得针对主题句，作者是以何样的手法来绽开说明、描述或论述的。 这些实力须要一个长期新托福阅读积累的过程，在托福阅读备考过程中稳步提高自己的英语实力，步步为盈，稳扎稳打，乐观自信的迎接每一天，不要把自己搞得乏累不堪。 实例讲解托福阅读句子插入题解题思路 句子插入题 Insert Text questions Most investigators concur that certain facial expressions suggest the same em

4、otions in all people. Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions. In classic research Paul Ekman took photographs of people exhibiting the emotions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness. He then asked people around the world to indicate

5、 what emotions were being depicted in them. 12. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. This universality in the recognition of emotions was demonstrated by using rather simple methods. Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square to

6、 add the sentence to the passage. 解题思路： Insert Text question。该题型要求考生将一句话插入到原文四个黑色空格的其中一个当中，使得段落看起来更通顺。首先可以从这个单独的句子中找到示意点，例如，本题待插入句子为：This universality in the recognition of emotions was demonstrated by using rather simple methods. 主语部分为：这个对于感情的认知的普遍性。假如待插入句子中出现代词，则代词所指内容应当在该句之前出现，结合这道题目，在这个句子应当插入的空之

7、前必有：对于感情认知的普遍性。这道题目选择第三个黑色方框，其之前的句子为： Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions. 意思是：另外，来自不同文化背景的人能够通过面部表情的识别来推断对方的心情。来自不同文化背景的人都可以推断出来，这里示意了universality 普遍性。同时，放在第三个空也可以对应后面的内容。待插入句子说到“demonstrated by using rather simple methods”：可以用简洁的方式证明，对应第

8、三个空后方的句子：In classic research Paul Ekman took photographs(在经典的探讨项目当中)。 再来看一道题目， Sigmund Freud, for example, believed that aggressive impulses are inevitable reactions to the frustrations of daily life. Children normally desire to vent aggressive impulses on other people, including their parents, beca

9、use even the most attentive parents cannot gratify all of their demands immediately. Yet children, also fearing their parents' punishment and the loss of parental love, come to repress most aggressive impulses. The Freudian perspective, in a sense: sees us as "steam engines." By holdin

10、g in rather than venting "steam," we set the stage for future explosions. Pent-up aggressive impulses demand outlets. They may be expressed toward parents in indirect ways such as destroying furniture, or they may be expressed toward strangers later in life. 11. Look at the four squares th

11、at indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage. According to Freud, however, impulses that have been repressed continue to exist and demand expression. Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage. 首先我们来看待插入句子：According to Freud, howev

12、er, impulses that have been repressed continue to exist and demand expression. 本句的前半句说道，According to Freud,(依据弗洛伊德的理论); 后半句：impulses that have been repressed continue to exist and demand expression. 被压抑的冲动会持续存在并且须要表达。这个句子是一句概括性的陈述，一般概括性陈述的后方须要有详细的细微环节句子来供应支持说明。所以这道题目选择其次个空。其次空格之后紧跟：The Freudian pers

13、pective, in a sense: sees us as "steam engines."(从某种意义上讲，弗洛伊德的观点是将人类看做“蒸汽机”)。这里既可以对应Freud，又有详细的细微环节交代，说持续存在的冲动，就好比蒸汽机，这里的steam engines是说明他观点的详细细微环节。 再来看一道题目， Because they are always swimming, tunas simply have to open their mouths and water is forced in and over their gills. Accordingly, t

14、hey have lost most of the muscles that other fishes use to suck in water and push it past the gills. In fact, tunas must swim to breathe. They must also keep swimming to keep from sinking, since most have largely or completely lost the swim bladder, the gas-filled sac that helps most other fish rema

15、in buoyant. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. Consequently, tunas do not need to suck in water. Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage. 解题思路： 此题的带插入句子当中并没有代词， 这时我们可以依据关联词来解答题目。带插入句子当中的Co

16、nsequently(结果是.)可以给我们示意。带插入句子的含义为：结果是，tunas(金枪鱼)不须要吸水。那么该句子的前方应当在陈述关于导致金枪鱼不须要吸水的内容。此题正确答案选C。在第三个空格之前的这句话：.they have lost most of the muscles that other fishes use to suck in water and push it past the gills. (金枪鱼失去了像其他鱼类的嘴里所拥有的一块肌肉，这块肌肉用于吸水和从腮里排水。)既然已经失去了这块用来吸水的肌肉，那么自然紧接着陈述，其结果，即金枪鱼不再须要吸水。 实例讲解托福阅读句

17、子简化题解题思路 句子简化题 Sentence Simplification questions 句子简化题是新题型之一，在这里我们先讲解一下。对于句子简化题，有一些题目假如句子不长，我们做题的基本原则就是：同义替换。找到原句中的关键词在选项当中进行同义替换。例如， In evolutionary history, the development of language set humans apart from the rest of the animal kingdom. Which sentence below best expresses the essential informati

18、on in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. A. Humans evolved as the most powerful species after they are developed language. B. The creation of human language has its origins in the language of animals. C.

19、 The emergence of language distinguished early humans from other animals. D. Humans and animals developed completed different systems of communication. 先来看题干：Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning

20、 in important ways or leave out essential information. 该题要求从选项中选择一个能够表达原文阴影句子核心信息的句子。许多同学采纳翻译的方法做题，即首先翻译原句，然后逐个翻译四个选项。这种做法不仅奢侈时间，而且对我们读句子的实力要求极高。更好的做法是，首先推断句子的核心信息。这是考题当中为数不多的原句比较简洁的句子释义题，原句的核心概念在于强调区分(apart from)。因此找到同义替换，即是C 项当中的distinguished。但是大多数题目的原文不会是一个简洁句，多数是带有逻辑关系的困难句。那么简洁的同义替换技巧就无法操作了。如何快速

21、解决这种题型呢?我们主要分两个部分来解析。 其实，我们在读原句的时候并不须要完整的彻底的摄取信息，相反，我们通过快速阅读，只须要关注两个关键点：一是原句当中的表示程度，频率的词，二是原句当中的逻辑关系。并不须要汲取全部信息，只须要快速阅读将所关注的信息点抓住即可，这样便节约了大量的时间。 The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great dif

22、ficulty of reversing or even slowing the process. Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. A. Desertification is a significant problem because i

23、t is so hard to reverse and affects large areas of land and great numbers of people. B. Slowing down the process of desertification is difficult because of population growth. C. The spread of deserts is considered a very serious problem that can be solved only if large numbers of people in various c

24、ountries are involved in the effort. D. Desertification is extremely hard to reverse unless the population is reduced in the vast areas affected. 解题思路： 句子中最核心的信息首先就是该句的逻辑关系。原句的逻辑关系可以由result from 来推断，为因果关系。借此我们就可以缩小选项范围，首先解除掉C,D 选项。剩下的A,B 两个选项均包含因果的逻辑关系。接下来我们可以依据句子的其次种核心信息：主语，来推断。原句的主语是Desertificatio

25、n 沙漠化，而B 项的主语是Slowing down the process of desertification 减缓沙漠化进程。所以解除掉B 选项，A 为正确答案。 将通过程度词解题和借助逻辑关系解题结合起来，对于解答带有逻辑关系的困难句的释义题很有帮助。我们看下面这道题目： It is one of the most important sensations because it is translated into a negative reaction, such as withdrawal from danger. Which sentence below best express

26、es the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. A. Escaping from danger is a negative reaction, but it is the most important thing an individual learns. B. The ability to sense pain is

27、 extremely important because pain signals the body to respond to a threat. C. Experiencing pain is one type of reaction to a negative stimulus; another type is avoiding danger. D. We experience a lot of sensations, and the most important ones are translated into appropriate actions. ( 本题节选自，新托福考试备考策

28、略与模拟试题，群言出版社，P150，第1 题) 阅读原句，从because 可以看出逻辑关系为因果关系，并且原句当中有肯定化词汇most。仅仅凭借most 这个程度很强的词汇我们可以解除C 选项。因为原文当中带有肯定化词汇而选项中没有，那么这个选项为必错选项。接下来利用逻辑关系解除A 项，A 中为转折关系。而B 恰恰有because 这个词，此外B 中的extremely 可以作为most的同义替换。正确答案为B。 几乎每一篇文章后面都会有一道释义题，因此考生应加强练习。平常在阅读文章，或者报刊杂志的时候不仅仅要把留意力放在读懂原文上，还应当留意原文的逻辑关系，培育依据逻辑关系思索的习惯。另外

29、，一些程度词的存在也会影响我们对原文的精确理解，平常阅读的时候应当多加关注。 实例讲解托福阅读指代题解题技巧 指代题 Reference questions 指代题在托福考试中题量大约为0-2 个，主要考察学生能否找到原文中代词的指代对象。解决指代题最基本的原则为：单复数与人称一样，前指且符合句意。 It has been suggested that Pakicetus fed on fish in shallow water and was not yet adapted for life in the open ocean. It probably bred and gave birth

30、 on land. 5. The word it in the passage refers to Pakicetus Fish Life ocean 本句代词作主语，在结构上指代上一句话主句中的名词主语，即A 选项的Pakicetus。也可以采纳带入的方法，将选项逐一带入，符合搭配的只有A 选项，其余选项，B fish鱼类，C life 生命，D ocean 海洋， 都无法“bred and gave birth，培育后代”。 目前十大题型中的指代题基本已经不考，但是相应的指代的原则有可能融入到其他题目中考查，最常见的考查方式即放在句子简化题或者句子插入题中一并考查。 实例讲解托福阅读词汇题

31、解题技巧 词汇题 Vocabulary questions 在托福考试当中，词汇题的主要目的是考察考生能否识别词汇在生疏语境中的含义。既然强调语境，那么通过识别生词旁边的语境含义，往往可以推想诞生词的含义。我们来看一道新托福考试官方指南上的题目： Several skeletons of another early whale, Basilosaurus, were found in sediments left by the Tethys Sea and now exposed in the Sahara desert. 6. The word exposed in the passage

32、is closest in meaning to Explained Visible Identified Located 这道题目许多同学会选择第四个选项(locate： 坐落于)，将这个含义带入到语句当中，意思也通顺，指Basilosaurus 坐落于撒哈拉沙漠。但是这里须要留意的是，托福的词汇题并不是选项带入搭协作适就肯定能找到正确答案，而是应当从语境入手来选择。正确的做法是，首先查看生词旁边有无并列，转折等语境上的含义示意。本句当中，生词的前方有“and”来示意并列，而从句子结构来看，前半句中的动词“found”，意思是“找到，发觉”，那么后半句的exposed 对应语境也应当强调发觉某物，即找到，或者望见某物。因此这道题目的正确答案选择B(visible：可望见的)。 托福阅读觉得好难，看不懂怎么办本文来源：网络收集与整理，如有侵权，请联系作者删除，谢谢！第16页 共16页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页