小学六年级的英语介词用法与学习的练习.doc13454.pdf

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1、 小学六年级英语介词用法及练习 2、at 黎明、午、夜、点与分 例:at dawn,at daybreak 在黎明时候 at noon 在中午 at night 在夜间 at midnight 在午夜 以上短语都不用冠词 at six oclock 在 6 点钟 at 7：30(seven thirty)在 7 点半 at half past eleven 在 11 点半 at nine fifteen 在 9 点 15 分 at ten thirty a.m.在 上午 10 点 30 分 也可以写成 seven to five 5 点差 7 分(半小时以上)five minutes afte

2、r two 2 点 过 5 分 at a quarter to two 1 点 45 分 at the weekend 在周末 3、年、月、年月、季节、周 即在 来年,在某月,在 某年某月 (但在某年某月某 日 则用 on),在四季,在第几周等都要用 in。例；in 1986 在 1986 年 in 1927 在 1927 年 in April 在四月 in March 在 三月 in December 1986 1986 年 12 月 in July l983 1983 年 7 月 in spring 在 春季 in summer 在夏季 in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬

3、季 in the fist week of this semester 这学期的第一周 in the third week 在第三周 4、阳光、灯、影、衣、冒 in,即在阳光下,在灯下,在树阴下,穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要 用 in。例：Dont read in dim light.切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light.他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。They are sitting in the shade of a tree.他们坐在树阴下乘凉。a prisoner in irons 带着镣铐的囚犯 He

4、went in the rain to meet me at the station.他冒雨到车站去接我。The poor dressed(clothed)in rags in old society.旧社会穷人们衣衫褴褛 以及：in the bright sunlight 在明亮的阳光下 a merchant in disguise 乔装的商人 the woman in white(black,red,yellow)穿着白(黑、红、黄)色衣服的妇女 in uniform 穿着制服 in mourning 穿着丧服 in brown shoes 穿着棕色鞋 in his shirt sleev

5、es 穿着衬衫 5、将来时态 in.以后 例 他们将 10 天以后回来。我一两天就回来。Well be back in no time.我 们一会儿就回来。两天后来看我。(从现在开始)after.(从过去开始)1/12 6、小处 at 大处 in 例：Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound,all is well.Dont worry.李和我平 安地到达黑山县,一切很好,勿念。I live in a great city(big city),my sister lives at a small town while my parent

6、s live at a village.我住在大城市,我姐姐住在一个小城镇 ,而我 的父母则住在农村。Im in Liaoning,at Anshan.我住在辽宁省鞍山市 7、有形 with 无形 by,语言、单位、材料 in 例：The workers are paving a road with stone.工人们正用石子铺路。(有形)The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen.这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文。(有形)Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy is a good opera.是-出好戏。(无形

7、)The product is separated by distilation into gasoline and gas oil.这种产品是用蒸馏分离 出气油和粗柴油。(表示方式、手段、方法 -无形)I really cant express my idea in English freely in-deed 我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。(表示某种语言用 in)I wrote a novel in Russian.我用俄语写了一本小说。(同上)The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system 公里是米制

8、中最长的长度单位。(表示度、量、衡单位的用 in)The length is measured in meter,kilometre,and centimetre.长 度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。(同上)This board was cast in bronze not in gold.这个牌匾是铜铸的,不是金铸的。8、特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用 in 特征或状态：例:The Democratic Party was then in power.那时民主党执政。他们发现病人处于 昏迷状态。He has not been in good health for some years.

9、他几年来身体一直不好。Many who came in despair went away in hope.许多人带着绝望情绪而来 ,却满怀希望而 去。The house was in ruins.这房屋成了废墟。The poor girl was in tears.这 个贫苦女孩泪流满面。Her clothes were in rags.她的衣跟穿破了。His shoes were in holes.他的鞋穿出窟窿了。I only said it in fun.我说这话只是开玩笑的。She spoke in grief rather than in anger.与其说她讲得很气愤 ,不如说她

10、讲得很伤心。9、还有一些短语也用 in,如：in jest 诙谐地,in joke 开玩笑地,in spite 恶意地,in fairness 公正地,in revenge 报复,in mercy 宽大,in sorrow 伤心地等。His mind was in great confusion.他脑子 里很乱。Today everybody is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb.今天大家都兴 高采烈,没有一个情绪低落。She and her classmates are in flower ages.她和她的同 学都正值妙龄。运动正值高潮中。

11、方面：例：we accepted the item in principle.我们在原则上接受了这个条款。They are never backward in giving their views.他们从来不怕发表自己的意见。The backward area has achieved self-sufficient in grain.这个落后的地区在粮食方面已能自给。A good teacher must be an example in study.一个好的教师必须是学习的模范。2/12 方式：例：All the speeches were taken down in shorthand.

12、所有报告都用速记记录下来了。The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism.党一贯 以爱国主义和国际主义精神教育我们。如下成语惯用 in 例如：in all 总计 in advance 事前 in the meantime 与此同时 in place 适 当地 in hopes of(或 in the hope of)怀着.希望 in connection with 和 有 关 in contact with 和 联系 in addition to 除.以外 in case of

13、 倘若,万 一 in conflict with 和.冲突 in force 有效的,大批 in depth 彻底地 in regard to 关于 in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近 in retrospect 回顾,一想起 in behalf of 代表.利益 in the least 一点,丝毫 in alarm 惊慌、担心 in the opinion of 据 见解 in the long run 从长远说来 in ones opinion 在 看来 in word 口头上 in a word 总之 in vain 无益地,白白地 in case 如果,万一,以

14、防 in detail 详细地 in haste 急急忙忙地 in conclusion 总之 in spite of 尽管 in other words.换句话说 in return 作为回报 in the name of 以.名义 be confident in 对.有信心 be interested in 对.感兴趣 in doubt 怀疑 in love 恋爱中 in debt 负债 in fun(jest、joke)玩笑地 in hesitation 犹豫不决 in wonder 在惊奇中 in public (secret)公开他(秘密地)in a good humour 心情(情

15、绪)好 10、介词 at、to 表方向,攻击、位置、善、恶、分 。介词 at 和 to 都可以表示方向;用 at 表示方向时,侧重于攻击的目标 ,往往表示恶意；用 to 表示方向时,突出运动的位置或动作的对象 ,侧重表示善意。试比较下列各句：1.A She came at me.她向我扑过来。BShe came to me.她向我走过来。2 A Jake ran at John.几 杰克向约翰扑过去。B Jake ran to John.杰克朝约翰跑去。3 A.He rushed at the woman with a sword.他拿着剑向那妇女扑过去。B.He rushed to the

16、woman with a sword.他带着剑向那妇女跑过去。4 A He shouted at the old man.他大声喝斥那老人。B.He shouted to the old man.他大声向那老人说 5 A I heard her muttering at Xiao Li.我听见她在抱怨小李。B I heard her muttering to Xiao Li.我听见她在同小李低声说话。6 A.She talked at you just now.她刚才还说你坏话呢。B She talked to you just now.她刚才还同你谈话呢 .7 A She threw a b

17、one at the dog.她用一块骨头砸狗。B She threw a bone to the dog.她把一块骨头扔给狗吃。8 A He presented a pistol at me.他用手枪对着我。B He presented a pistol to me.他赠送我一支手枪。3/12 11、日子、日期、年月日 ,星期加上早午晚;以下皆用 on。例:on Octorber the first 1949 1949 年 10 月 1 日 on February the thirteenth l893 1893 年 2 月 13 日 on May the first 5 月 1 日 on

18、the first 1 号 on the sixteenth 16 号 on the second of January 或 on January the second 1 月 2 日 on a summer evening 在夏天的一个夜晚 on Boxing Day 在节礼日(圣诞节次日 )on New Years Day 在元旦 on my birthday 在我的生日 但 in the Christmas holidays 在圣诞节假期;in the eighteenth century 在十八世纪;in ancient times 在古代;in earlier times 在早期;i

19、n modern times 在现代,则用 in,the present time 现在,at the present day 当今则用 at。on May Day 在 五一 节 on winter day 在冬天on Decenber 12th 1950 l950 年 12 月 12 日 on Sunday 在星期天 on Monday 在星期一 on Tuesday morning 星期二早晨 on Saturday afternoon 星期六下午 on Friday evening 星 期五晚上 但 last night 昨夜；in the evening 在晚上;on time 准时,

20、in time 及时,等则不同。年 月日,加早午晚,of 之前 on 代 in 例：on the morning of 18th 18 日早晨 on the evening of 4th 4 日晚上 On the eve of their departure they gave a farewell banquet and their head gave a garewell speech.他们在临行前夕举行了一次告别宴会,他们的团长 发表了告别讲话。12、收音、农场,值日 on 例：Did your supervisor like the story over(or on)the radio

21、 last night?您的导师喜欢 昨天从收音机里听到的故事吗?I heard the news over(or on)the radio.我从收音机 里听到了这一条消息。taIk over the radio 由无线电播音 on TV 从电视里.hear something on the wireless 在无线电里听到 My brother works on an Army reclamation farm.我哥哥在一个军垦农场工作。The students are working on a school farm.学生们正在校办农场劳动。This is a farmers house

22、on a farm.这是农 场的农舍。Who is on duty,tody?今天谁值日?We go on duty at 8 a.m.我们 上午 8 点钟上班。13、关于、基础、靠、著论 例:This afternoon we are going to listen to a report on the international situation.今天下 午我们要听关于国际形势的报告。Professor Shen will give us a talk on travelling in America.申教授将给我们做关于美国之行的报告。You are wrong on all thes

23、e issues.在这些问题上你的看法都错了。The belief is based on practical experience.这种信 念是以实际经验为基础的。Theory must be based on practice.理论必须以实践为基 础。The people in the south live on rice.南方人主食大米。(靠)The citizens live 4/12 on their salaries.城市人靠薪金生活。h 靠月薪 100 元的收入,你是买不起奢侈品 的。Her pet dogs were fed on the choicest food 她用精饲料

24、喂养她心爱的狗。He is just a scrounger,who lives on other people.他正是一个小偷,专靠损害别人过日子。Keep the kettle on the boil(=boiling).让水壶的水一直开着。The enemy are on the run(=running).敌人在逃跑。on 后接 the 加上一个作名词的动词其意义与现在分词所表达的相近。类似例子很多如：on the march 在行军中,on the mend 在好转中,on the prowl 徘 徊,on the move 活动中,on the scrounge 巧取豪夺(埋语),

25、on the go 活跃,忙碌,on the lookout 注意,警戒,on the watch 监视着。on the hop 趁不备抓住某人等等。on the Peoples Democratic Dictatorship 和 on the Peoples Democratic Dictatorship on Coalition Government 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付,相反、准 注：口诀中的 着 是指着火,罢指罢工,偷指偷偷地,公指出差、办公事；假指休假,准指准时。例：The house next to mine was on fire.我邻居的房子着火了。The wo

26、rkers of the railway station were on strike.铁路工人罢工了。Grapes and big water melons from Sinkiang are on sale on a large sale.新疆葡萄和西瓜大量上市了。do something on the sly(quiet).秘密地(暗地里,偷偷地)做某事。我是有公事来的。They went to Bern on a mission.他们到伯尔尼去执行一项使命。They has been away on a long trip.他们出去做一次长途旅行。Ill go home on leav

27、e next month.下月我将休假回 家。I went on business to Shanghai.I did not take leave.我是公出去上海的,不是不 告面别。She came to see you on purpose.她是专程来看你的。He came here on purpose to discuss it with you.他到这来是要与你讨论这件事的。This lunch is on me.No.lets go Dutch.这顿午饭我付钱。不,还是各付各的。On the contrary,it was very easy to understand.相反,这事

28、儿很容易理解。请准时来。注：in time 是及时 的意思。The train arrived on schedule.火车准时到达。14、特定时间和 一 就,左右 on 后动名词 例：Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling.气体加热时膨胀,冷却时收缩。(特 定时间)On entering the room,he found his friends dancing in high spirits.一进屋,他就发现他的朋友们在愉快地跳舞。On reaching the city he called up Lao Yang.一 到城里他就给老

29、杨打了一个电话。Ill write to him on hearing from you.我接到你的 来信就给他写信。(一 就)以及 on the left,right 向左向右,on the stair 在台阶上等。15、步行、驴、马、玩笑 on,cab,carriage 用 in 例：On foot 步行;on horse 骑马;on donkey 骑驴。He rode on,blood flowing from his 5/12 side.他骑着马,鲜血从腰部流下来。The soldier of the Eighth Route Army rode 100 li on a horse a

30、 day in order to catch up with his unit.为赶上部队,那位八路军战士骑马日行 百里。Go on horse back!骑马去！You are having me on!你和我开玩笑呢!in cab 和 in carriage 不能用 on 或 by cab 或 carrige。at 山脚、门口在当前,速、温、日落价核心 即在山脚下、在门口、在目前,速度、以 速率、温度、在日落时、在 核心要用 at。例：在山脚下,有我们 30 个同志。There is a beautiful lake at the foot of the hill.山 脚下有一个美丽的湖。

31、At the gate of the house there are many children playing glassball.门口有一大群孩子在玩玻璃球。Whos standing there at the door?谁站在门口?I dont need the dictionary at present.我现在还不需要这本词典。He is at present in Washington.他目前正在华盛顿。The train runs at fifty kilometres an hour.火车每 小时行驶 50 公里。we built the plant at top speed a

32、nd minimun cost.我们以最低的 投资,最高的速度修建了该工厂。at home 在国内,在家里 at ten degrees centigrade 在摄氏 10 度 at minus ten degrees centigrade 摄氏零下 10 度 Water freezes at 0 centigrade.水在镊氏零度结冰。Water usually boils at 100 .水通常在 摄氏 loo 度沸赐。at zero 在零度 at the rate of 45 miles an hour at full speed 全速 at a good price 高价 at a l

33、ow cost 低成本 at a great cost 花了很大 代价 at that time 在当时 Evaporation takes place at all tempertures.蒸发在任 何温度下都能发生。at 1000RPM(revolution per minute)每分钟 1000 转 at a high speed 高速 The soldiers launched an attack upon the enemy at sunset.战士们 在日落时对敌人发起了攻击。at daybreak 日出时 领导我们事业的核心力量是 中国共产党。The atom has a nuc

34、leus at its core.在原子的中心有一个原于核。At the beginning of this term the teacher in charge of our class was very strict with us.用适当的介词填空 The man blue is Jack s father.Who the girl small mouth?You shouldn t walk the grass.Look,Nancy is sitting her father and mother.You must stay away the house.Now,I know a lo

35、t insects.My little brother always has a lot questions.We re very happy school.Keep the grass,please.Jim is in Row 4.I sit him Let s hurry,we re late the class.Liu Tao is passing the ball David.Who s the woman the red scarf?Our classroom is the teachers office 6/12 Look the picture.Who is the girl t

36、he man and the woman.Can you read the number one ten?Go the street,turn right at the first crossing.What can you see the tree?Some peaches Mr Wang is ill.He s home Here s a letter Fang Ming.Let me read it to you.My skirts are the sofa This is a photo my family Can I go you?The girl green is my aunt.

37、There are some bikes the big tree.Put your umbrella the door.The post office is the bank of China I can see a sofa the desk and the fridge.介词填空 1 the first day _ school 2 _ the school playground 3 _ classes 4 _ Wednesday 5 _ a farm 6 pull _ carrots 7 a lot _ fruit trees 8 live _ a town 9 _ the weeke

38、nds12 look _ them 10 _ the sitting room 11 _ the 4th _ November 13 _ the playground 14 _ the school hall 15 _ New Year16 talk _ his students _ holidays 17 _ Christmas Day18 have a big lunch _ my family 19 dress _ _ costumes24 _ Mum and Dad.20 _ September or October 21 _ his grandpa s house 22 _ the

39、Christmas tree 23 _ me 30 a book _ holidays 25 _ English 26 _ Christmas 27 play _ lanterns 28 _ Christmas Day 29 the names _ the day 小学六年级英语介词练习 1用介词或副词填空 He is good _ swimming.Tom gets _ at seven every morning._ Sunday morning,he played football with his friends.Whats wrong _ you?There is something

40、 wrong _ my back.He often helps me _ my English.It s time _ breakfast.Can you sing a song _ English?7/12 He looks _ his father.Please listen _ me carefully.It s too cold.Don t take _ your coat.I go to school _ foot every day.He sits _ Tom and Mary.I work _ Monday _ Friday.He is ill,so he is staying

41、_ bed.Dont be late _ this meeting.2介词填空 Tony is _ Canada.What is the name _ the factory?Betty is English.What _ you？Whos the woman _ the black dress？She looks _ her father.Do the students stay _ home _ Saturday？My mother cut the cake _ a knife.The meeting ended _ 6 p.m.Well play football _ class.Go

42、_ this road,turn left _ the first crossing.Can you tell me the way _ the zoo?where are you from？I am _ Beijing.Let s count the numbers _ one _ fifty.Where shall we meet?Well meet _ home.1 at up On with with with for in like to off on between from to in for 2 from of about in from like at on with at

43、after down,at to from from,to at 小学英语语法 介词 for 的用法小结 1.表示 当作、作为。如:I like some bread and milk for breakfast.我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。What will we have for supper?我们晚餐吃什么?2.表示理由或原因,意为 因为、由于。如:Thank you for helping me with my English.谢谢你帮我学习英语。Thank you for your last letter.谢谢你上次的来信。8/12 Thank you for teaching us

44、 so well.感谢你如此尽心地教我们。3.表示动作的对象或接受者,意为 给 、对 (而言)。如:Let me pick it up for you.让我为你捡起来。Watching TV too much is bad for your health.看电视太多有害于你的健康。4.表示时间、距离,意为 计、达。如:I usually do the running for an hour in the morning.我早晨通常跑步一小时。We will stay there for two days.我们将在那里逗留两天。5.表示去向、目的,意为 向、往、取、买 等。如:Lets go f

45、or a walk.我们出去散步吧。I came here for my schoolbag.我来这儿取书包。I paid twenty yuan for the dictionary.我花了 20 元买这本词典。6.表示所属关系或用途,意为 为、适于的。如:Its time for school.到上学的时间了。Here is a letter for you.这儿有你的一封信。7.表示 支持、赞成。如:Are you for this plan or against it?你是支持还是反对这个计划?8.用于一些固定搭配中。如 :Who are you waiting for?你在等谁?Fo

46、r example,Mr Green is a kind teacher.比如,格林先生是一位心地善良的老师。英语冠词典型考题讲练 1.Tom owns _ larger collection of _ books than any other student in our class.A.the;不填 B.a;不填 C.a;the D.不填;the 2.For a long time they walked without saying _ word.Jim was the first to break _ silence.A.the;a B.a;the C.a;不填 D.the;不填 3.

47、When he left _ college,he got a job as _ reporter in a newspaper office.A.不填；a B.不填；the C.a;the D.the;the 4.If you buy more than ten,they knock 20 pence off _.A.a price B.price C.the price D.prices 5._ on-going division between English-speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _ major conc

48、ern of the country.A.The;不填 B.The;a C.An;the D.An;不填 6.The Wilsons live in _ A-shaped house near the coast.It is-_ 9/12 17th century cottage.A.the,/B.an,the C./,the D.an,a nt go to_ hotel;I can find you _ bed in my flat.A.the;a B.the;不填 C.a;the D.a;不填 8.When you finish reading this book,you will hav

49、e _ better understanding of _ life.A.a,the B.the,a C./,the D.a,/9.It is _ world of wonders _ world where anything can happen.A.a,the B.a,a C.the,a D.不填,不填 10.The most important thing about cotton in history is _ part that it played in _ Industrial Revolution.A.不填；不填 B.the；不填 C.the;the D.a;the ns und

50、erstanding of colour.A.a 不填 B.a the C.不填 the D.the a 12.I d like _ information about the management of your hotel,please.Well,you could have _ word with the manager.He might be helpful.A.some,a B.an,some C.some,some D.an,a 13.Many people agree that _ knowledge of English is a must in _ international