考研英语二真题及答案解析完整版3516.pdf

《考研英语二真题及答案解析完整版3516.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考研英语二真题及答案解析完整版3516.pdf（31页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2019 年考研已经结束;为方便考生备考;特整理 2019 年全国硕士研究生考试真题;供各位考生复习使用;以下是 2019 年英语二考研真题及答案解析.Section I Use of English Directions:Read the following text.Choose the best word s for each numbered blank and mark A;B;C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.10 points Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any

2、 significant weight fluctuations.1;when done too often;this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2.As for me;weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3 on the scale.That was bad to my overall fitness goals.I had gained weig

3、ht in the form of muscle mass;but thinking only of 4 the number on the scale;I altered my training program.That conficted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym.It takes abou

4、t three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight 7 altering your training program.The most 8 changes will be observed in skill level;strength and inches lost For these 9;I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10.Since weight loss is

5、 not my goal;it is less important for meto_ 11 _ my weight each week.Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12 any significant weight changes.That tells me whether I need to 13 my training program.I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 to get information about my nutrition as well.If my training

6、 intensity remains the same;but Im constantly 15 and dropping weight;this is a 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health;fitness and well-being.Im experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer ca

7、rry the burden of a 18 morming weigh-in.Ive also experienced greater success in achieving my specific ftness goals;19 Im training according to those goals;not the numbers on a scale.Rather than 20 over the scale;turn your focus to how you look;feel how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.

8、1.A Besides B Therefore COtherwise D However 2.A helps Bcares Cwarns D reduces 3.A initially B solely C occasionally D formally 4.A recording B lowering C explaining D accepting 5.A modify B set Creview D reach 6.A definition B depiction C distribution D prediction 7.A due to Bregardless of C aside

9、from D along with 8.A orderly B rigid C precise D immediate 9.A claims Bjudgments C reasons D methods 10.A instead Bthough Cagain Dindeed 11.A report B share C share D share 12.A depend on Bapprove of Chold onto Daccount for 13.A prepare Bshare Cshare D share 14.A results Bfeatures Crules Dtests 15.

10、A bored Banxious Chungry D sick 16.A principle Bsecret Cbelief Dsign 17.A request Bnecessity Cdecision Dwish 18.A disappointing Bsurprising Crestricting Dconsuming 19.A if because Bunless Cuntil Dconsuming 20.A obsessing Bdominating Cpuzzling Dtriumphing 1-20 参考答案：1、答案 C However 解析此处考察逻辑关系.首段提出文章中心：

11、定期称量自己是一种解任何显着的的体重波动的好方法.空格所在句指出：_;如果太频繁;这种习惯有时会造成损害.前文 wonderful way 好方法与后文 hurt损害形成转折关系;故填入 however 然而.另外;however 也是考研完形填空中的高频词.其他选项：therefore 因此;otherwise 否则和 besides 此外此处不符合语境;故正确答案为 C However.2、答案 D helps 解析此处考察反义复现.空格所在句指出：this habit can sometimes hurt more than it _这种习惯的坏处要比_多;应该是 help 有帮助;有好

12、处;与前文 hurt 损害形成反义复现.其他选项：Cares 关心;warns 警告;reduces 减少;致使均不能与 hurt 形成呼应;故正确答案为 D helps.3、答案 A solely 解析此处考察同义复现+词义辨析.空格所在句指出：至于我;每天称自己的重量让我把注意力从保持健康和好动转移到_专注于体重秤.填入 solely 仅仅语义通顺.另外本句 focusing solely on the scale中的 solely 仅仅与本段后文 thinking only of _ the number on the scale 的 only 形成了同义复现.故正确答案为 A sole

13、ly.4、答案 A lowering 解析此处考察词义辨析+反义复现.空格所在句指出：我曾经以增加肌肉含量而增重;但后来只考虑_体重的数量;我改变了我的训练方案.填入 lowering 减少语义通顺.另外;该句中间有 but;说明前后为转接.lower 与前文 gain weight 增重形成反义复现;其他选项：explaining 解释;accepting 接受;recording 记录均不符合文意.故正确答案为 A lowering.5、答案 C reach 解析此处考察成分搭配和语义理解.空格所在句指出：这与我需要训练以_目标的方式相冲突.此处填入 reach 达到与 goal 目标形成

14、动宾搭配;且语义通顺;表达连贯.其他选项：set 设定;modify 修改虽然可以与 goal 搭配;但文意不符;review 评论;温习和 goal 不能形成搭配.故正确答案为 C reach.6、答案 A depiction 解析此处考察词义辨析.分析空格处所在句的句意：我还发现;每天称体重并不能为我在健身房所做的努力以及取得的进步;提供精确的_;空格处所需的名词需要使句子完整通顺.A 选项 depiction 描写;叙述符合语义要求;B 选项 distribution 分布;分配;C 选项 prediction预言;预测;D 选项 definition 定义带入空格后;语义不通顺;均排除

15、.故正确答案为 A 选项 depiction.7、答案 D due to 解析此处考察短语辨析.空格所在句的句意：需要大约三周到一个月的时间来发现体重的显着变化;_改变了你的训练计划.空格处所填入的短语需要和前面句子构成因果的逻辑关系;只有D 选项due to 由于符合要求;A 选项 regardless of 不管;不顾;B 选 aside from 除.以外;C 选项 along with 与.一起;连同带入后;语义不通顺.故正确答案为 Ddue to.8、答案 C immediate 解析此处考察词义辨析.分析空格处所在句的句意：最_的改变将会体现在技能水平;力量和身高降低;空格处所需的

16、形容词需要和后面的宾语 change 构成语义搭配;并且适合语境.C 选项 immediate 立即的;直接的符合语义要求;A 选项 rigid 严格的;B 选项 precise精确的;D 选项 orderly 有秩序的带入空格后;语义不通顺;均排除.故正确答案为 C 选项 immediate.9、答案 B reasons 解析此处考察固定搭配.for these reasons 由于这些原因.空格所在句指出：由于这些原因上文提到的原因;我停止每天称体重.只有 B 选项 reasons 原因符合要求;A 选项 judgments 判断;C 选 methods方法;方式;D 选项 claims

17、要求;索赔带入后;语义不通顺.故正确答案为 Breasons.10、答案 D instead 解析此处考察词义辨析以及上下文语境分析.空格所在句的前半部分指出：由于上述原因;我停止每天称体重.后半句话句意：而转而改用两个月称一次体重.switched to 转而.与选项 instead 对应.D 选项instead 代替;反而符合语义要求;A 选项 though 虽然;尽管;B 选项 again 又;再一次;C 选项 indeed 的确;实在带入空格后;语义不通顺;均排除.故正确答案为 D 选项 instead 11、答案 A.track 解析空格所在句提到：Since weight loss

18、 is not my goal 因为减重不是我的目的;it is less important for me to _my weight each week 对我来说;每周_我的体重不太重要.空格处所填入的动词需要和后面的宾语 my weight 构成通顺的动宾语义搭配;除此之外;本文的主题是称重;因此需要观察、监测或跟踪体重的变化;因此只有 A 选项 track 符合语义与主题要求.12、答案 C.account for 解析空格所在句提到：Weighing every other week allows me to observe and _any significant weight c

19、hanges 每隔一周称次体重使我能够观察及_任何明显的体重变化;空格处所填入的动词需和后面的宾语 weight changes 构成通顺的动宾搭配;同时;该动词还和 observe 构成并列关系;并列的动词会存在动作先后发生的特点先观察到体重变化;再来了解或解释体重变化的原因;因此只有 C选项 account for 解释;了解更恰当.13、答案 B.adjust 解析空格所在处提到：That tells me whether I need to _my training program那告诉我;我是否需要_我的训练项目.空格处所填动词需要和后面的宾语 training program 构成

20、顺畅的动宾语义关系;除此之外;that 指代上文中“观察并了解体重变化”;因此此处应该表明;观察并了解体重变化能让我知道是否需要调整训练项目.因此 B 选项 adjust 符合要求.14、答案 D.results 解析空格处所在句提到：I use my bimonthly weigh-in_to get information about my nutrition as well 我根据两个月称重一次的_来获得关于我的营养方面的信息.空格处所填名词需和bimonthly weigh-in 构成顺畅的语义关系;空格处上文提到“两个月称重一次可以观察并了解任何明显的体重变化”;因此空格处应该表示“

21、称重结果”;故 D 选项 results 为正确答案.15、答案 B.hungry 解析空格处提到：if.I am constantly_and dropping weight;this is a sign that I need to increase my daily caloric intake如果.我持续_以及体重下降;那么这是一个标志表明我需要增加日常卡路里摄入;根据条件状从和主句的条件与结果的逻辑关系;空格处填入“hungry 饥饿”更符合语义要求.16、答案 C sign 试题考点上下文语义衔接+名词辨析 解析空格之前的“this”指代前面 if 引导的条件状语从句“如果我运动量

22、保持不变;但总是觉得饿并且体重下降”;空格后面 that 引导的定语从句“我需要增加每日卡路里的摄取”;根据前后语义;此空填sign“信号”最合理.17、答案 B decision 试题考点上下文语义衔接 解析空格后动词不定式结构“to stop weighing myself every day”作空格处名词的定语;“停止每天称体重这个_”;根据语义;此处填 decision“决定”最合理.18、答案 D disappointing 试题考点上下文意义衔接+形容词辨析 解析此空在 of 介词短语中;修饰名词“burden 负担”;根据语义色彩;此处应该填贬义词;因此disappointing

23、“令人失望的”最合理.19、答案 A because 试题考点上下文逻辑 解析根据选项特征看出本题考查句内逻辑关系;前半句话“Ive also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals”我也更成功地实现了健身目标;后半句“Im training according to those goals;mot the numbers on scale.”我根据那些目标来训练;而不是体重数字.此处应为因果关系;所以正确选项为because.此外;本句话中的“also”表明与前一句话之间的关系;前一句话中的 sin

24、ce 也表示因果关系.20、答案 D obssessing 试题考点上线文衔接+词义辨析 解析根据选项特征;此空填入动词的现在分词;其逻辑主语为句子主语 you;宾语为 thescale;通过上文可知;作者对于“the scale”一直持否定态度;因此此空根据语义色彩排除 dominating“统治”和triumphing“胜利”;而 puzzling over 表示“仔细琢磨;冥思苦想”;与上下文语义不符.因此选obsessing“使困扰”Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions:Read the following four te

25、xts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A;B;C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.40 points Text 1 Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness;fear;and anger;guilt emerges a little later;in conjunction with a childs growing grasp of social and moral norms.Children arent born

26、knowing how to say“Im sorry”;rather;they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends-and their own consciences.This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt;in the right amount;to be a good thing.In the popular imagination;of course;guilt still gets a bad rap.It

27、 is deeply uncomfortable-its the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones.Yet this understanding is outdated.“There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve;”says Amrisha Vaish;a psychology researcher at the University of Virgi

28、nia;adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions arent binary-feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another.Jealousy and anger;for example;may have evolved to alert us to important inequalities.Too much happiness can be destructive.And quilt;by

29、prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness;can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships.Guilt;in other words;can help hold a cooperative species together.It is a kind of social glue.Viewed in this light;guilt is an opportunity.Work by Tina Malti;a psychology professor a

30、t the University of Toronto;suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency.In a number of studies;Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing.Some Kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experi

31、encing more guilt;which can rein in their nastier impulses.And vice versa:High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.In a 2014 study;for example;Malti looked at 244 children.Using caregiver assessments and the childrens self-observations;she rated each childs overall sympathy level and his or her te

32、ndency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions.Then the kids were handed chocolate coins;and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child.For the low-sympathy kids;how much they shared appeared to turn on how inclined they were to feel guilty.The guilt-prone ones share more;even

33、 though they hadnt magically become more sympathetic to the other childs deprivation.“Thats good news;”Malti says;“We can be prosocial because we caused harm and we feel regret.”21.Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help _.A.regulate a childs basic emotions B.improve a c

34、hilds intellectual ability C.foster a childs moral development D.intensify a childs positive feelings 22.According to Paragraph 2;many people still consider guilt to be _.A.deceptive B.burdensome C.addictive D.inexcusable 23.Vaish holds that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that _.

35、A.emotions are context-independent B.emotions are socially constructive C.emotional stability can benefit health D.an emotion can play opposing roles 24.Malti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing _.A.may help correct emotional deficiencies B.can result from either sympathy or guilt C.c

36、an bring about emotional satisfaction D.may be the outcome of impulsive acts 25.The word“transgressions”Line 4;Para.5 is closest in meaning to _.A.teachings B.discussions C.restrictions D.wrongdoings 21-25 参考答案：21、答案 C foster a childs positive feelings 解析根据题干“researchers”;“guilt”;“a good thing”关键词定位

37、到第一段最后一句;除此之外;提干中还有关键词“because”;判定该题属于细节题中考查因果逻辑关系的题目;需要在原文中精准回文定位;原文中第一段最后一段明确出现了“This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt.a good thing.”根据代词向前文指代的原则;题干中所问的原因就在上一句;由“Children arent born knowing how to say Im sorry;rather;they learn over time that such statements appease parent

38、s and friends-and their own conscience”;其中的“such statements appease parents and friends-and their own conscience”该品质能够使父母/朋友和孩子自己都感觉更舒适;such statements 指代的即为“say sorry”或文章主题词 guilt;纵观四个选型;只有 C 选项 foster a childs moral development 提高孩子的道德发展可以实现同义替换;故为正确答案.其余选项 A.regulate a childs basic emotions 管理孩子基

39、本情绪中的 regulate 原文未提及;B.improve a childs intellectual ability 改善孩子的智力中 intellectual ability 原文未提及;而D.intensify a childs positive feelings 加强孩子的积极感觉在原文中未提及;故排除.22、答案 B burdensome 解析 根据题干可知这是一个典型的细节题.根据题干关键信息“paragraph 2;“many people still consider guild to be”定位到第二段;最终锁定对本段第二句话的理解;尤其关键的是对第二句话中破折号的理解;“

40、it is deeply uncomfortableits the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones.”这种感觉非常不舒服;就像穿着一件石头做的夹克一样;对比所给四个选项;只有 B 项“burdensome”负担沉重的;繁重的与原文表述一致;故为最佳答案.A 项“deceptive”欺骗的 C 项“addictive”上瘾的 以及 D 项“inexcusable”不可原谅的均与原文表述不一致;故排除.23、答案 D an emotion can play opposing roles 解析根据题干可知这是

41、一个典型的细节题.根据题干关键信息“Vaish holds that awareness that.”定位本文的第二段“There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking can serve.”但是这句话是他的观点句;也就是题干信息所在句;本句没有答案;因此;根据线性思维;下文他又继续补充到“adding that this revival is a psychology researcher.in another”这种复兴是更大的认识的一部分;即情绪不是二元情感;在一个情境中有利的情绪在另一个情境中可能是有害的;对比四个选项;只有 D“an em

42、otion can play opposing roles”情绪可以起到相反的作用 为最佳答案.A 项“emotions are context-independent”情绪与语境无关与原文表述相反.B 项“emotions are socially constructive”从社会角度讲;情绪具有积极性 在文中没有提及.C 项“emotional stability can benefit health”情绪稳定有益与身体健康 在文中没有提及;故排除.24、答案 B can result from either sympathy or guilt 解析根据题干可知这是一道人物观点题.根据题干

43、关键词“Malti and others have shown 与cooperation and sharing.”回文定位到第四段第三句：“Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing.”马尔蒂和其他人已经表明;内疚和同情可能代表了合作和分享的不同途径.对比四个选项;只有 B 项 can result from either sympathy or guilt 要么归因于同情;要么归因于内疚与原文表述一致;故为正确选

44、项.A 项 may help correct emotional deficiencies 可能有助于改正情感缺陷与第四段第二句话 that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency 内疚可能会弥补情感缺陷不符.C 项 can bring about emotional satisfaction 能够带来情感上的满足并未提及.D 项 may be the outcome of impulsive acts 可能是冲动行为的结果 与第四段第三句which can rein in their nastier impulses 这可以控制他们更

45、糟糕的冲动因果倒置;故排除.25、答案 D wrongdoings 解析根据题干要求定位到第五段第二句话“Using caregiver assessments and the childrens self-observations;she rated each childs overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions.”且位于主句的“transgressions”的前面出现 to feel negative emotions;情感属于消极

46、贬义.对比四个选项;D 项 wrongdoings 坏事;不道德的行为;属于贬义词;与其情感色彩一致;故为正确选项.A 项 teachings 教导;属于褒义词.B 项 discussions 讨论;属于中性词.C 项 restrictions 限制;约束;属于中性词;故排除.Text 2 Forests give us shade;quiet and one of the harder callenges in the fight against climate change.Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share

47、 of the carbon dioxide we produce;we are threatening their ability to do so.The climate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than they absorb.Thankfully;there is a way out of this trap-but it involves striking a subtle balance.Helping forests flourish as

48、valuable carbon sinks long into the future may require reducing their capacity to absorb carbon now.Califormia is leading the way;as it does on so many climate efforts;in figuring out the details.The states proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out young trees and clear brush in

49、 parts of the forest.This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity.But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture;so they grow and thrive;restoring the forests capacity to pull carbon from the air.Healthy trees are also better able to fend off insects.The landscape is rend

50、ered less easily burnable.Even in the event of a fire;fewer trees are consumed.The need for such planning is increasingly urgent.Already;since 2010;drought and insects have killed over 100 million trees in California;most of them in 2016 alone;and wildfires have burned hundreds of thousands of acres