2019_2020学年高中英语Unit4EarthquakesSectionⅣUsingLanguage讲义新人教版必修12019101421931216.pdf

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1、-1-Section Using Language Office of the City Government Tangshan,Hebei China July 5,201 Dear ，Congratulations!We are pleased to tell you that you have won the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan.Your speech was heard by a group of five judges,all of whom agreed that it was the best o

2、ne this year.Your parents and your school should be very proud of you！市政府办公室 河北，唐山 中国 201 年 7 月 5 日 亲爱的 ，祝贺你！我们很高兴地告诉你，你在以新唐山为主题的中学演讲比赛中获得了第一名。评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们都一致认为你的演讲是今年最好的。你的父母和你的学校应该为你而感到骄傲！助读讲解 all of whom 引导定语从句，修饰 judges。be proud of 为感到自豪，因而骄傲。Next month the city will open a new park to hono

3、ur those who died in the terrible disaster.The park will also honour those who helped the survivors.Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors on July 28 at 11：00 am.As you know，this is the day the quake happened thirty years ago.We invite you to bring your family and friends on th

4、at special day.Sincerely，Zhang Sha 下个月我们市将开放一个新公园，以纪念在那次可怕的灾难中死去的人们。这个公园同样要向那些为幸存者提供过帮助的人表示敬意。我们办公室想请你在 7月 28 日上午 11 点为来公园的参观者作演讲。你知道，三十 年前的这一天正是唐山发生地震的日子。-2-我们邀请你的家人和朋友在这个特殊的日子里一起前来。真诚的，张沙 助读讲解 have sb.do sth.让某人做某事。as you know 是 as 引导的非限制性定语从句，as 指代整句话内容。family 在这里指“家人”。第一步 速读了解文章主题和段落大意.速读 P30课文内

5、容，选择最佳答案 The article is a(n)Aletter of invitation B apology letter C notice D help letter 答案 A.速读 P30课文内容，判断正误 1 This is a letter of congratulation.()2 A high school student will be invited to give a speech in a newlyopened park.()3 On July 28,1976,a terrible earthquake hit Tangshan.()4 Only the hig

6、h school student was invited on that special day.()答案 1 4 FTTF 第二步 细读把控文章关键信息 细读 P30课文内容，选择最佳答案 1 The student is invited to Atake part in the high school speaking competition B give a speech to the park visitors on July 28 C help Zhang Sha to prepare for the opening of the new park D visit the new p

7、ark just as a guest 2 The office will have the student speak to the park visitors on July 28 because Aits a day convenient for people to attend B its a day fit for an opening of a park C its the day the quake happened in 1976 D its the day the quake ended in 1976 3 In his/her speech，the student may

8、not mention -3-A the terrible quake that happened in 1976 B the great work people did to rebuild Tangshan C the bright future of Tangshan D his/her hobbies 答案 1 3 BCD 第三步 研读能力升华 接轨高考 根据 P30课文内容，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 In the letter，Zhang Sha offers 1.congratulations(congratulate)to the winner of

9、the high school speaking petition(compete)about new Tangshan.And he tells the winner a group of five 3.judges(judge)heard the speech and agreed that his/hers was 4.the best one this year.Then he invites the winner 5.to speak(speak)to the visitors of a new park which will 6.be opened(open)to the publ

10、ic to honour those 7.who died in Tangshan earthquake and those who helped the 8.survivors(survive)Zhang Sha also hopes that the winner 9.will bring(bring)his or her family and friends 10.on July 28 at 11：00 am.单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词 1 Personally I want to talk with my child about it，frankly and sinc

11、erely(真诚地)2 He made an outline(概要)of his views and got ready to present it at the meeting.3 The cyclist(骑自行车的人)turned off the highway onto a side road.4 Were glad to get together to offer our congratulations on our homelands success in the competition.5 Judging from his appearance，the manager cant b

12、e over 60 years old.6 He can express himself in fluent English after studying hard for four years.拓展词汇 根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词 1 congratulate vt.祝贺；向道喜congratulation n祝贺；(复数)贺词 2 express vt.表达expression n表达；表示；表情；措辞 3 cycle n自行车cyclist n骑自行车的人.补全短语 根据提示补全下列短语 -4-1 congratulate sb.on 就祝贺某人 2 give a speech 作

13、演讲 3 judge from/by 根据来判断 4 be proud of 对感到骄傲 5 on that special day 在那个特殊的日子.选词填空 选用上述短语的适当形式填空 1 Parents always are proud of their children and love them.2 I congratulate you on your success.3 Judging from what he said，he knew nothing about it.4 When I was asked to give a speech in class，at first I

14、didnt know what to do.经典句式必背 1 Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors on July 28 at 11：00 am.我们办公室希望你在 7 月 28 日上午 11 点给公园的参观者做演讲。记句式结构have宾语宾补 仿写促落实I often have Tom buy me lunch.我常常让汤姆给我买午饭。2 As you know，this is the day the quake happened.你知道，这一天正是唐山地震发生的日子。记句式结构关系代词 as 在句中引导非限

15、制性定语从句。仿写促落实As is known to us，the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。3 The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.那个人正在楼下睡觉，突然发生了地震。记句式结构be doing.when.“正在做某事就在这时”。仿写促落实I was doing my homework when the phone rang.我正写作业时，电话响了。frightening adj.令人恐惧的(教材 P28)It was a frightening nig

16、ht.-5-这是一个骇人的夜晚。(1)frighten sb./sth.away 把吓跑 frighten sb.into/out of(doing)sth.恐吓某人做/不做某事(2)frightened adj.受惊的 be frightened of.害怕 be frightened at.对感到惊恐(3)frightening adj.令人恐惧的；令人害怕的 She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.她现在开始把扬声器放到田野里，去观察大象是否会被吓走。

17、The news was frightening and they were all frightened(frighten)这则消息令人恐惧，他们都感到惊恐。They frightened the old lady into signing the paper.他们恐吓那位老太太，使她签了字据。语境助记 The old fisherman told his wife in a frightened voice about the frightening animal，which made her frightened.那位老渔夫用颤抖的声音告诉他妻子那只令人恐惧的动物，这让她也感到恐惧。da

18、mage n&vt.损失；损害(教材 P29)Several days later most of the buildings which had been damaged were repaired.do/cause damage to 给带来/造成毁坏 be badly damaged 遭受严重损害 damage ones health 损害某人的健康 Eating too much meat one time will cause damage to your stomach.一次吃太多的肉会对你的胃造成损害。Your father is angry because you have d

19、one damage to the flower beds.你把花坛损坏了，你父亲对此非常生气。明辨异同 damage/ruin/destroy damage 指“损坏”，一般指部分性的损坏，通过修复还可以恢复功能等。用作名词时，常构成词组：cause/do damage to.对造成损害。ruin 多用于比喻句之中，有时泛指一般性的破坏，有时可指把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度。往往是非暴力的，并非一次打击的结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事-6-物的破坏。用作名词时，常构成词组：in ruins严重受损，破败不堪。destroy 破坏，消灭，毁坏；指彻底破坏，不可修复，也可以指希望、计划等被打破

20、。(damage/ruin/destroy)Jane was unlucky.Her car was badly damaged in an accident and the damage was so great that it would take a week or two to get it repaired.When she arrived home，she found her house was in ruins because a big fire destroyed the building.She felt that her life was ruined congratul

21、ation n祝贺；(复数)贺词(教材 P30)Congratulations！We are pleased to tell you that you have won the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan.恭喜你！我们很高兴地告诉你，你已经赢得了以新唐山为主题的高中组演讲比赛。(1)offer/send congratulations to sb.on sth.向某人祝贺某事(2)congratulate v.祝贺；向致贺词 congratulate sb.on/upon sth./doing sth.就某事向某人祝贺

22、 Congratulations on your 50th wedding anniversary!祝贺你们结婚 50 周年！We sent our congratulations(congratulate)to her when she passed the exam.当她通过考试时，我们向她表示祝贺。I congratulate you on what you have achieved.祝贺你取得的成绩。名师点津 (1)congratulation作“祝贺”讲时，常以复数形式出现。(2)congratulate的宾语是指人的名词，不是指物的名词；celebrate的宾语往往是表示活动的名

23、词。We held a large party to celebrate his birthday.我们开了一个盛大的宴会来庆祝他的生日。We congratulated him on winning the game.我们祝贺他赢得了这场比赛。judge n裁判员；法官vt.断定；判断；判决(教材 P30)Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.五位评委听了你的演讲，他们一致认为那是今年最好的演讲。-7-(1)judge.by/f

24、rom.通过判断 judge sb./sth.as/to be.断定某人/物是 as far as I can judge 据我判断(2)judging by/from.从来看；根据判断 Dont judge a man by/from his looks.不要以貌取人。As far as I can judge，it is wrong for them to let some students carry mobile phones.我认为，他们让某些学生带手机是错误的。Judging(judge)by the look on Adams face，the news must be terr

25、ible.从亚当的表情来看，肯定是可怕的消息。名师点津 judging from/by用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。express vt.表示；表达 n快车；速递(教材 P30)I would like to express my thanks to.我想向表达我的感谢。(1)express.to.向表达 express concern about 表达某人对的担忧 express ones satisfaction with 表达对的满意 express oneself 表达思想(2)expression n.表达；表情 bey

26、ond expression 无法表达 without expression 毫无表情 I wish to express my appreciation for your kindness.我要对于你的好意表示感激。The company usually sends goods by express.这家公司通常用快递发货。There was a worried expression(express)on her face.她脸上流露出担心的表情。The beauty of the scenery there is beyond expression.那儿的风景美丽的无法表达。语境助记 As

27、 soon as he got off the express train he noticed a piece of news，and his -8-expression expressed that it was something important beyond expression.他一从特快列车上下来，就注意到了一则消息，他的表情表明那是一件难以表达的重要事情。(教材 P30)Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors on July 28 at 11：00 am.我们办公室想请你在 7 月 28 日上午

28、 11 点给来公园的参观者做演讲。【要点提炼】have sb.do sth.让某人做某事(1)have sb.do sth.为“have宾语宾补”结构。这里的 have 为使役动词，意为“让，请”；speak 作宾语补足语(speak 与 you 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系)(2)have sb./sth.doing sth.让持续做某事，让一直处于某种状态(sb./sth.与do 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系)。相当于 get/keep/leave sb./sth.doing sth.。(3)have sth.done让别人做某事；使某事被做；蒙受(sth.与 do 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)。Joe

29、had me find a car for him.乔让我给他找辆车。He had us laughing(laugh)by telling jokes all through the meal.在整个用餐过程中，他一直讲笑话，让我们笑个不停。We had the machine mended(mend)just now.我们刚才请人把机器修好了。The old woman had her handbag stolen(steal)这位老太太的手提包被偷了。(教材 P30)As you know，this is the day the quake happened.你知道，这一天正是唐山地震发

30、生的日子【要点提炼】as you know是非限制性定语从句，as 代表整个主句的内容。as 引导非限制性定语从句时放在主句前后均可，意为“正如”，后边的谓语动词多是 see，know，expect，say，mention，report等。as is known to all 众所周知 as is expected 正如所预料的那样 as is said 正如所说的那样 as is reported 正如所报道的那样 as we all know 正如我们所知道的那样 as you can see 正如你所看见的那样 As is known to all，China has the large

31、st population in the world.众所周知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。-9-As I expected，he got the first place again in this midterm examination.正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。As was reported(report)，they failed in sending up a satellite.据报道，他们发射卫星失败。(教材 P31)The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.那个人正在楼下睡觉

32、，突然发生了地震。【要点提炼】该句中 when 为并列连词，意为“就在这时、突然”，相当于 and then/just at that time。其句型结构为 sb.was/were doing sth.when.“某人正在做某事，这时”。be about to do.when.正要做这时 be on the point of doing.when.正要做这时 had just done.when.刚刚做完这时 I was on the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived.我正要给他打电话，这时他的信到了。I had just fi

33、nished my test paper when the bell rang，announcing the exam was over.我刚完成试卷，这时宣告考试结束的铃声响了。I was about to leave(leave)when it began to rain.我正要离开，这时开始下雨了。.单句语法填空 1 Nearly every building was damaged(damage)in the earthquake.2 Parents were too frightened(frighten)to bring their children for vaccination

34、(疫苗)3 We met a group of cyclists(cycle)on the tour in the Lake District.4 I said congratulations(congratulate)and walked up to him and shook his hand.5 Judging(judge)from his accent，he must be from Hunan.6 We sincerely(sincere)hope that you will soon be restored to health.7 The expression(express)in

35、 her eyes told me something was wrong.8 The sun is hot,as everyone knows.9 A thirteenyearold boy was sitting on the sofa watching TV when the telephone rang.10I saw three camp beds，two of which were occupied.-10-.单句改错(每个句子仅有 1 处错误)1 Congratulation on your being admitted to Peking University！Congratu

36、lationCongratulations 2 He never drinks except on specially parties.speciallyspecial 3 No words are strong enough express our thanks for your rescue.enough 后加 to 4 I am proud of to show visitors around our beautiful school yard.去掉 of 5 Which is known to us all，practice makes perfect.WhichAs(教师用书独具)解题指导 as，which引导非限制性定语从句的区别：(1)从句置于句首时，只用 as 不用 which；(2)as引导的从句意义上不能与主语相悖，而 which不受此限制；(3)从句为否定句时，常用 which；(4)as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前或之后，甚至还可分割主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句，只能放在主句之后。