(新课标)2020年普通高等学校招生统一考试英语模拟卷615708.pdf

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1、（新课标）2020 年普通高等学校招生统一考试英语模拟卷6 (时间：100 分钟，满分：120 分)第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 35 分)第一节(共 10 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 25 分)阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2019长沙市模拟)On average，Americans spend about 10 hours a day in front of a computer or other electronic devices(设备)and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors.That i

2、s a claim made by David Strayer，a professor of psychology at the University of Utah.In his 2017 TED Talk，Strayer explained that all this time spent with technology is making our brains tired.Using an electronic device to answer emails，listen to the news and look at social media puts a lot of pressur

3、e on the front of the brain，which，Strayer explains，is important for critical(有判断力的)thinking，problemsolving and decisionmaking.So，it is important to give the brain a rest.And being in nature，Strayer claims，helps get a tired brain away from too much technology.More than 15，000 campers from around the

4、world attended an international camping festival in September.That is when friends and family take time off and escape to nature for several days.They take walks，climb，explore，swim，sleep，eat and play.Camping may be just what a tired brain needs.Take Carl for example.He lives in West Virginia and enj

5、oys camping.He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease.It also prepares him for the work he must do.Kate Somers is another example who also lives in West Virginia.She says she enjoys camping with her husband and two children.She calls it a“regenerative”experience.At the University of Utah，

6、David Strayer has studied both shortterm and longterm exposure to nature.He found that spending short amounts of time in nature without technology does calm the brain and helps it to remember better.However，he found，it is the longterm contact with nature that does the most good.He and his research t

7、eam found that spending three days in nature without any technology is enough time for the brain to fully relax and reset itself.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者讲述了如今长时间使用电子设备对大脑的危害，鼓励人们放下这些电子设备，去户外让大脑休息一下。1What is David Strayers opinion?AAmericans dislike outdoor activities.BElectronic equipment should be quitted

8、.CNew technologies ate a doubleedged sword.DElectronic equipment brings great convenience.C 考查推理判断。依据第一段可知，David Strayer 认为过多使用电子设备导致大脑疲劳，第二段中的“answer emails，listen to the news and look at social media”暗示着电子设备给我们生活带来的便利，因此科技有利有弊，选项 C 正确。2Why does Strayer insist we go outdoors?ATo try another lifesty

9、le.BTo refresh our brain.CTo make better decisions.DTo play with our family and friends.B 考查细节理解。依据前两段可知，过多使用电子设备会导致大脑疲劳，根据第三段可知，我们需要让大脑休息一下，而走进大自然可以让我们疲惫的大脑远离电子设备，从而让大脑恢复活力，因此选 B 项。3What does the underlined word“regenerative”mean?AReborn.BMemorable.CRemarkable.DTiring.A 考查词义猜测。画线词所在段中作者列举 Carl 的事例说

10、明，户外活动能使他放松并更好地工作，作者提到的“Kate Somers is another example.two children”暗示着，Kate与家人在户外的活动也给了她活力，因此选 A 项，画线词表示“有再生作用的，有再造能力的”。B(2019潍坊市统一考试)Digital grounding is when parents or caregivers limit or completely take away access to technology from children.According to a study conducted by Pew Research，65%of

11、 parents have digitally grounded their teen by taking away their teens cellphone or Internet access as punishment.Because children are so connected with their technologies，digital grounding may seem like a logical step for parents.Take away a childs most cherished item and they will quickly learn fr

12、om their behavior.But the idea of digital grounding isnt as clearcut as that.Instead，it may be a loselose situation for parents and kids，alike.For most parents，the goal of grounding isnt to make their children unhappy or sad.It is to teach a lesson in the hope that they wont engage in whatever behav

13、ior gets them in trouble in the first place.Unfortunately，though，digital grounding is often just punishment，not discipline.If a child stays out past curfew(宵禁时间)，a punishment would be hitting or yelling at them.Discipline would be not letting them go out the next weekend because they fail to follow

14、rules.Weve all been thereweve caught our child doing something wrong and in the heat of the moment laid out a strict punishment.We may have been feeling hotheaded，embarrassed,or dismayed.Often，though，these punishments arent aligned with the bad behavior.While digital grounding may solve the problem

15、temporarily，it wont provide children with the guidance they need to act appropriately in the future.Instead of grounding，show your child what they did wrong and give them the chance to act differently.This way，they will learn from their mistakes in a practical manner and figure out ways to be safe a

16、nd smart with technology.Theres no denying it：technology is here for the longhaul.This is why some parenting experts dont recommend digitally grounding your children.It doesnt focus on the end goal of safe behavior.They recommend teaching them good habits as soon as possible，rather than taking away

17、their technology.By digitally grounding them，you are putting a bandage over the wound，rather than treating it.Now，when we say that digital grounding is a loselose situation，were not saying that disciplining your children in general is a loselose situation.Discipline is a great way to teach children

18、lessons，when used appropriately.【语篇解读】本文主要讨论了当孩子们犯错时要不要限制他们使用数码产品。4Which of the following is a form of discipline?AHitting or yelling at children.BLaying out a strict punishment in the heat of the moment.CTaking away access to cellphones from children completely.DForbidding kids to go out the next w

19、eekend if they stay out past curfew.D 考查细节理解。根据第三段最后两句可知，如果孩子晚上超过宵禁时间没回家，下个周末就不让他们出去是一种管教方式，故选 D。5What does the author suggest parents do instead of grounding?AGive kids more free time.BAct appropriately in public.CHelp kids form good habits.DPut a bandage over the wound.C 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段第四句“They rec

20、ommend teaching them good habits as soon as possible，rather than taking away their technology”可知，作者建议父母帮助孩子们养成良好的习惯，而不是去限制孩子们使用数码产品，故选 C。6Whats the purpose of the text?ATo inform us of ways of punishing kids.BTo explain what digital grounding means.CTo show how to parent children in digital times.DT

21、o prove digital grounding is not a good parenting way.D 考查写作意图。根据对全文的整体理解，并结合文中关键词“digital grounding”可推知，本文的目的在于说明限制孩子们使用数码产品并不是一种很好的家教方式，故选 D。C(2019安徽省五校联盟质检)Weather could power the next generation of smart windows.Researchers have created glass by harvesting energy from wind and precipitation(降水)T

22、he approach offers an alternative to other smart windows powered by batteries，solar panels，and even standard power outlets.“The creation represents a new kind of renewable energy source，”says Liming Dai，a nanomaterial engineer at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland，Ohio，who was not involved

23、 in the research.Smart glass，which changes its characteristics to block out light，has been around for decades.Common examples include glarefighting rearview(后视)car mirrors and windows that change color for energy savings and privacy.But many are expensive，and people are still looking for ecofriendly

24、 ways to power the windows.Batteries and plugin outlets arent apparently“green”，and builtin solar panels can cloud or hide parts of the glass.In experiments，the glass produced up to 130 milliwatts per square meter，enough to power a pacemaker or a smart phone while its asleep，the team reported online

25、 last month in ACS Nano.This output might suit many applications，such as being a power source for home or office electronics，says codeveloper and scientist Zhong Lin Wang of the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta.Since their first project in 2012，a lightup sidewalk powered by footsteps，he an

26、d his colleagues have miniaturized their generators to create everything from selfcleaning keyboards to sensors for security systems.But Wang and his colleagues still have more work to do before this smart glass is ready for commercialization.Now，the glass has no way to store the energy it creates.T

27、o solve this problem，Dai says，transparent super capacitors(电容器)could be placed into the glass without decreasing visibility.For now，the team wants to improve the energy efficiency of their nanogenerators.These tiny power plants can convert about 60%of the mechanical energy that they encounter into e

28、lectricity.“The output power is a constant goal，”Wang says.“Free energy surrounds us，and anything can happen if you take control of it.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种能供电的智能玻璃。该玻璃可以利用风力和降水产生电能，是一种绿色环保的能源产品，但该产品仍面临诸多问题，如电能储存问题。7What is unique about the smart glass?AIt can protect privacy.BIt is more expensive

29、.CIt is powered by weather.DIt can block out light.C 考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“Researchers have created glass by harvesting energy from wind and precipitation(降水)”可知，这种智能玻璃的特别之处是可以利用风力和降水获取能量，故 C 项正确。8What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?AThe research history of Zhong Lin Wang.BThe experimental process of Zho

30、ng Lin Wang.CThe research theory of Zhong Lin Wangs team.DThe experimental findings of Zhong Lin Wangs team.D 考查段落大意。根据第三段的内容尤其是该段首句“In experiments，the glass produced up to 130 milliwatts per square meter，enough to power a pacemaker or a smart phone while its asleep，the team reported online last mon

31、th in ACS Nano”可知，该段主要说明了该团队的实验结果，故 D 项正确。9What is the drawback of the smart glass?AIt cannot keep its produced electricity.BIt cannot suit the super capacitors.CIt cannot power a smart phone.DIt cannot change its color according to weather.A 考查细节理解。根据第四段第二句“Now，the glass has no way to store the ene

32、rgy it creates”可知，目前该产品的缺陷是无法储存其产生的能量，故 A 项正确。10 Which of the following best explains“convert”underlined in the last paragraph?AConsume.BTransform.CWaste DReserve.B 考查词义猜测。根据尾段第二句“These tiny power plants can convert about 60%of the mechanical energy that they encounter into electricity”可知，这些微型发电机可以将

33、智能玻璃收集到的 60%的机械能转化为电能。据此可推知，画线词意为“转化”，故B 项正确。A 项意为“消耗”，C 项意为“浪费”，D 项意为“贮备”，都与文意不符。第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2019山西省六校测试)Schools consume a large amount of energy，which has a bad effect on the environment.11 ，there are lots of ways that you can help your scho

34、ol save energy.Look for simple changes your school can make and band together with others to make an even bigger effect.12 Even something as simple as turning off the lights when you leave a room can help to save energy.Turn off the lights in classrooms that are not being used and in other areas,suc

35、h as empty bathrooms and unoccupied multipurpose rooms.Use natural light when the sun is bright.It may not always be necessary for you to have the lights on in your classroom.There may be times of day when the sun is especially bright and enough for what you are doing in your classroom.13 Set up a r

36、ecycling station at your school.Recycling is a great way to save energy because it reduces the need to produce new materials.14 ，then ask your school principal if you can set one up.Get others involved.15 .Either as an individual or as a team，you can create and put up signs around your school.Try us

37、ing signs that remind people of things they can do to save energy and also some signs that raise awareness of saving energy.APost signs about conserving energy BWhether you are a teacher or a student CIf your school does not have one DTurn off your computer when its not used EShut down the lights wh

38、en rooms are not in use FOther times of day you might only need half of the lights GIf your schools garbage company offers recycling services【语篇解读】本文是说明文。从四个方面阐述学生在校园中如何节约能源、保护环境。11B 考查上下文的衔接。根据句子的结构判断，本句是一个从句，七个选项中只有 B、C 和 G 三个选项符合要求。根据语境可知，此处表示“不管你是老师还是学生，总有许多可以 帮助你们学校节约能源的方法”。故答案为 B。12E 考查段落主旨句。本

39、段主要讲述在离开教室等地方的时候关灯以便节约能源。本段中的一些提示词，如“turning off the lights”“Turn off the lights”等也暗示了本题的答案。【技巧点拨】七选五侧重考查文章的语篇结构和逻辑关系，通过相应段落中一些复现的提示词确定答案是做题时一个常用而有效的方法。13F 考查细节支撑句。本段主要讲述当教室内光线充足时使用自然光。空前句子中的“times of day”与 F 项中的“Other times of day”形成对应关系。14C 考查上下文的衔接。本段谈论在学校内设置回收站回收可循环使用的材料。C 选项中的 one 指代主题句中的 a rec

40、ycling station。15A 考查承上启下句。根据下文的“put up signs”“using signs”“some signs”提示词可以判断答案为 A。第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分)第一节(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2019 湘 东 六 校 联 考)In my childhood，there were no smart phones or computers.Still，I never felt bored.The field，16 and

41、woodlands around my home were the perfect playground.I can remember once hiking to a nearby 17 and walking slowly around it.At the back of it I was amazed to find an old dirt road that I had never seen before.It was full of muddy tyre tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides，but 18 it still s

42、eemed like a fine adventure.I 19 on and on for what seemed like hours.I was sure someone was 20 in my ears to ask me to turn around and 21 back home but I was 22 and even a bit stupid，so I walked on.There was still neither a car nor a house 23 My legs were getting tired.I noticed that the sun was st

43、arting to go down and I grew 24 I didnt want to end up 25 on this road in the dark of night，and I was worried that it would be dark 26 I could make my way back to the lake again.I continued to walk on with the fear growing inside of me.My heart was 27 and my legs were aching.When I 28 one last corne

44、r and saw a house that I 29 ，I jumped up and down and laughed out loud.I knew the way home！It was still over a mile away，but 30 felt like feathers.I 31 into the house with a big smile just in time for dinner.Then I ended my adventure with a good nights sleep.I remembered this recently when I saw a 3

45、2 that said.“All roads lead home”This is true.I also remembered a sage(智者)compared life to a journey.Are we going to make this life a terrible 33 or are we going to make the life a joyful one？It 34 our own choice.All roads no matter how they twist and turn，can 35 us home in our hearts.May you always

46、 walk your path with love！May you always help your fellow travelers along the way!【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”沿着湖边一条不熟悉的小路散步，不知不觉天色已晚，“我”很害怕但还是在晚饭前回到了家。回家的路不止一条，心中有家，总能找到回家的路。16A.towns Bfarms Chills Dvillages C 根据上文“In my childhood，there were no smart phones or computers.Still，I never felt bored”可知，尽管“我”童年时没有

47、智能手机或电脑，但是“我”不感到无聊；结合该句“The field，and woodlands around my home were the perfect playground”可知，“我”家周围的田野，山地(hills)，树林都是完美的游乐场，故 C 项正确。17A.lake Bfarmhouse Cforest Dhighway A 根据该句中的“and walking slowly around it”，并结合第二段尾句中的“the lake”可以推断，“我”绕着附近的一个湖泊(lake)散步；A 项意为“湖泊”，故 A 项正确。18A.appreciating Brefusing

48、Cintroducing Dexploring D 根据上文中的“At the back of it I was amazed to find an old dirt road that I had never seen before”可知，这条古旧的土路“我”从来没有看到过；结合该句“It was full of muddy tyre tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides，but it still seemed like a fine adventure”可知，土路上满是泥泞的轮胎印迹，两边是深林，但探索(explore)它仍然像是一

49、次美妙的冒险。D 项意为“探索”，故 D 项正确。19A.drove Bwalked Cflew Drode B 根据上文中的“walking slowly”可知，我在湖边散步；据此可以推断“我”一直走(walk)，似乎走了几个小时，故 B 项正确。下文中的“walked on”亦是提示。20A.scolding Bwhispering Csinging Dwaving B 根据该句中的“in my ears”，并结合全句内容可知，“我”确信有人在“我”的耳 边低语(whisper)；B 项意为“低语”，故 B 项正确。21A.wander Bland Cpace Dhead D 根据该句中的

50、“turn around and”和“back home”可知，有一个人在我耳边低语，让“我”转身、回家；head back home 意为“回家”，故 D 项正确。22A.stubborn Bdesperate Csad Danxious A 根据该句中的“and even a bit stupid，so I walked on”可推知，空处应和形容词“stupid”对应，故 A 项“固执的”符合语境。23A.in order Bin comfort Cin sight Din need C 根据该句“There was still neither a car nor a house ”，并