高考英语七选五大全及答案25705.pdf

《高考英语七选五大全及答案25705.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语七选五大全及答案25705.pdf（17页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2013 北京一、二模七选五汇总 1.说明文部分：海淀一模：Apathy Apathy is a state of lacking interest,enthusiasm or concern.71 _They may alsoexhibit unfeelingness.Christians have condemned apathy as a lack of love and devotion to God and His works.72 _ Also meaning“absence of passion”in Greek,the term“apatheia”was used by the

2、 Stoics(禁欲主义者)to show a desirable state of indifference towards events and things which lie outside ones control.The modem concept of apathy became well known after World War I，when it was called“shell shock.”Soldiers,living in the trenches among the bombing and gun fires,saw thebattlefields filled

3、with dead and wounded companions.73 _ In 1950，US novelist Passos wrote“Apathy is one of the characteristic responses of any living being when it is subjected to something too tense or too complicated to deal with.”US philosopher Robert M.Hutchins summarizes the concerns about political indifference.

4、He claims that the death of democracy is not likely to be a sudden murder from ambush(埋伏）74 _ There may be other things contributing to a persons apathy.Activist Dave Meslin argues that apathy is often the result of social systems actively blocking engagement and involvement.He describes various bar

5、riers that prevent people from knowing how or why they might get involved insomething.75 _ These include：political media that make it difficult for potentiallyinterested people to find relevant information，and media descriptions of heroes as“chosen”by outside forces rather than self-motivated.He sug

6、gests that we redefine social apathy as a result of poorly designed systems that fail to invite others to participate.A.It will be a slow process of fading away from apathy and indifference.B.Apathetic people may lack a sense of purpose or meaning in their life.C.He focuses on designed choices that

7、deliberately or indeliberately exclude people.D.The word“dispassion”is used for“apatheia”，so as not to confuse it with apathy.E.So they gradually developed a sense of disconnected numbness to normal social interaction.F.Although the word“apathy”originates from“apatheia”，it is important not to confus

8、e the two terms.G.Author John McManamy argues apathy is a psychological problem for some depressed people，in which they get a sense that“nothing matters”.西城一模：Swapping Houses for Vacation When budgeting for a vacation,usually the most expensive part of the trip is the accommodationsThe traditional w

9、ay to take a vacation is to pack some bags,lock up the house,and travel to a new place to stay in a hotelHowever,hotels are very expensive,and with rent or housing loan（贷款）due every month,its difficult for most people to pay for yet another place to stay 71 Luckily,there is a substitute called house

10、 swapping,and its saving tourists a great deal of cash 72 For example,if a couple from New York want to spend a week in Paris,they would place an ad offering to trade their New York apartment for one in Paris for a week If a Parisian couple that want to vacation in New York read the advertisement,ho

11、uses can be swapped,and both couples save hundreds,if not thousands,of dollars by avoiding big-city hotel feesIf all goes well,both couples can post positive reviews of the others home online so that potential travelers can see that everything was fine 73 This builds a community of people who want t

12、ohelp each other out There are other advantages co house swapping as well74 Staying at someones homeputs you in a neighborhood that can give you a better representation of the life and culture in theplace youre visiting75 The next time you want to spend your vacation in a new place,butdont want to p

13、ay a fortune,check whats posted online and find a house to swap AHouse swapping is most common in New York and Paris BHotels are often quite difficult to book when you want to explore a new home CA lot of times,this extra cost prevents travelers from going very far from home DTo swap houses,people c

14、heck the Internet for others planning to travel and trade homes EWith many house swapping sites growing,this new phenomenon is becoming easier than ever FHotels are often located where few people live,making them a strange place to experience a city G On theother hand,if there were trouble,people co

15、uld write about that to wan others not to trust the swappers 东城一模：I know just how you feel Do you feel sad HappyAngry You may think that the way you show these emotions isuniqueWell,think againEven the expression of the most personal feelings can be classified,according to Mind Reading,a DVD exhibit

16、ing every possible human emotion 71 In the mid 1800s,Darwin divided the emotions into six typesanger,fear,sadness,disgust,surprise and enjoymentMore complex expressions of emotion were probablylearned and therefore more specific to each cultureBut now it is believed that many morefacial expressions

17、are shared worldwide 72 The Mind Reading DVD is a systematicvisual record of these expressions The project was designed by a Cambridge professorHis research team first had todefine an emotion 73 Using this definition,412 emotion terms were identified anddiscussed,from afraid to wanting Then each exp

18、ression is acted out by six different actorsIt was really clear when the actorshad got it right,says Cathy Collis,who directed the DVDAlthough they were given somedirection,the actors were not told which facial muscles they should move74 Someone who has tried to set such rules is the American,Profes

19、sor Paul Ekman,whobuilt database of how the face moves for every emotionThe face can make 43 distinct musclemovements Ekman has also found that it may not be possible for people to reproduce themartificiallyThe most difficult expression to reproduce is the smile It isnt only aboutstretching the lips

20、,but tightening the tiny muscles around the eyes 75 If we learnt torecognize whether someone was using their eye muscle when they smiled,we would be ableto distinguish true enjoyment from false AIt shows 412 distinct ways we feel BThese can be combined into more than 10,000 facial shapes CThese part

21、icular muscles are difficult to control,and few people can do it DThey decided that it was a mental state that could be introduced by I feel or he looks or she sounds E He said the expression of these feelings was universal and recognizable by anyone,from any culture FIt is as if they are programmed

22、 into the brains of normal humans wherever they are and whatever their races GWe thought of trying to describe each emotion,but it would have been almost impossible to make clear rules for this 朝阳一模：Stay on the brighter side of life One very important component of optimism is gratitude or feeling gr

23、ateful.In fact,there is a strong connection between a grateful attitude and a heightened sense of all the positives in your life by starting a gratitude journal in order to remember what youre grateful for._71_ Feeling down Instead of feeling sorry for yourself waiting for the universe to throw you

24、a bone,try acting like youre happyeven if you arent.A sincere smile and a forced smile will cause the same chemical reactions in your brain,so you can actually fool your mind into feeling better by making it react chemically as if things were going well._72_ Reassure yourself that everything is good

25、even if you dont feel it.“_73_ If youre stuck in traffic,then everything else must be going horribly too,”says Anne Parker,a wellness counselor.By blowing negative events out of proportion,youre setting yourself up for feeling down all day.Instead,acknowledge that youre stuck in traffic,but also bri

26、ng to mind something good,like the beautiful scenery outside the way,youll get in the habit of forbidding negative circumstances from blanketing your whole day.Swearing to lose 20 pounds or to run a marathon seems like goals leading to happiness,but they take time to achieve._74_Youmay even end up a

27、dmitting that you have been defeated.However,if you focus on the small milestones that occur along the way,you will feel positive about your progress,which will give you the strength to keep going._75_ Try making someone elses day better.A report by United Healthcare and Volunteer Match found that v

28、olunteers are 72%more likely to characterize themselves as optimistic compared with non-volunteers.Plus,89%of volunteers say that volunteering has improved their sense of well-being,and 92%say that it enriches their sense of purpose in life.A.Try to help someone in need.B.Want to give your attitude

29、a lift C.People tend to think in an either-or way.in an optimistic waysmile,laugh,tell a joke.E.Youll fail to appreciate more important things in your life.F.By focusing on not having accomplished them yet,you will start to feel down on yourself.G.By remembering the pleasant things in your life,you

30、can actually turn a negative attitude around.石景山一模：Lack of sleep switches offgenes One week of bad sleep can switch off”hundreds ofgenes and raise the risk ofa host ofillnesses which is linked to higher bodyweights or heart disease,scientists claim 7 1 Getting fewer thansix hours sleep per night can

31、 switch off genes in the body according to a new study Our bodies depend on genes to produce a constant supply of proteins which are used to replaceor repair damaged tissue,but after a week of lacking in sleep some of genes stopped working 72Scientists from Surrey University divided 26 volunteers in

32、to two groups,one of which slept for lessthan six hours per night for a whole week,and one which slept for ten hours per nightAt the end ofthe week each group was kept awake for 40 hours and donated blood samples,which were studied toexamine the effects of their sleep states 73 Although a weeks norm

33、al sleep was enough to restore the affected genes to their normal pattern,researchers said that long periods of sleeplessness could lead to serious health problems includingheart disease 74 Prof Colin Smith,one of the authors of the new paper,which was published in theProceedings of the National Aca

34、demy of Sciences journal,said:This is only a week of short timesleeping and it is only five and a half or six hours night,Many people have that amount of sleep forweeks,months and maybe,even years so we have no idea how much worse it might be.If these processes continue to be disordered,you could se

35、e how you are going to get damage oforgans,tissues,heart disease,etc 75 AGenes in our bodies play a key role in the constant process ofself-repair BThe group oflack of sleeping was found to have changed the function of 711 genes CThe other participants were monitored as they slept with their rest di

36、sturbed on some ofthe nights.DThe results suggest that shorter sleep provides a more permissive environment only for heartdisease EIf you are not able to repair cells and tissues that are damaged then you are going to suffer permanent ill health.FStudies have also shown the lack of sleep can lead to

37、 some other problems,for example limiting our ability to drive a car safely GThe findings suggest that long-lasting lack of sleep could prevent the body from fully repairing itself and raise the risk ofa host of diseases 丰台一模：“Tear them apart!”“Kill the fool!”“Murder the referee（裁判）！”These are commo

38、n remarks one may hear at various sporting events.At the time they are made,they may seem innocent enough.71 They have been known to influence behavior in such a way as to lead to violence.Volumes have been written about the way words affect us.It has been shown that words having certain connotation

39、s（含义）may cause us to react in ways quite foreign to what we consider to be our usual humanistic behavior.I see the term“opponent”as one of those words.72 The dictionary meaning of“opponent”is“enemy”or“one who opposes your interests.”Thus,when a player meets an opponent,he or she may tend to treat th

40、at opponent as an enemy.At such times,winning may control ones brains.73 I recall an incident in a handball game when a referee refused a players request for a time out for a glove change because he did not consider them wet enough.The player started to rub his gloves across his wet T-shirt and then

41、 shouted.“Are they wet enough now”In the heat of battle,players have been observed to throw themselves across the court without considering the consequences that such a move might have on anyone in their way.I have also witnessed a player hitting his opponent with the ball as hard as he could during

42、 the course of play.Off the court,they are good friends.74 It certainly gives proof of a court attitude which differs from normal behavior.Therefore,I believe it is time we elevated(提升)the game to a higher level.Replacing the term“opponent”with“associate”could be an ideal way to start.The dictionary

43、 meaning of the term“associate”is“colleague”;“friend”;“companion.”75 You may soon see and possibly feel the difference in your reaction to the term“associate”rather than“opponent.”A.Reflect a moment!B.Does that make any sense C.But lets not kid ourselves.D.Such rude comments express ones strong desi

44、re to win.E.Perhaps the time has come to delete it from sports terms.F.Players sometimes turn to violence hoping to injured opponents.G.And every action,no matter how rude,may be considered acceptable.西城二模：The word diary comes from the Latin word diarium,which means daily allowance71 And it is used

45、for business notes,planning activities,keeping track of scheduled appointments,or documenting what has already happenedSome doctors suggest that writing in a diary is a good form of self-study In America,from the 1940s through the 1980s,a diary was thought of mostly as a way to privately express one

46、s deepest thoughts while keeping notations about the day 72 Many times,movies would show a teenage girl beginning to write in her diary while she said aloud,Dear diary 73 A diary kept by a young German Jewish girl by the name of Anne Frank provides us with invaluable lessons about history,for she do

47、cumented her experiences while she hid from the Nazis during their occupation of the Netherlands in World War II Her diary became one of the worlds most widely read books and is the basis for many films Samuel Pepys,who lived during the 17th century,is the earliest diary keeper that is famous todayH

48、is diary is also an important documentation of history,for it gives personal insight（洞察力）into Londons Great Plague and the Great Fire His diary is being published on the Internet,and its interesting to note that there has been a new entry every day since January of 2003It will continue over the cour

49、se of several years to come74 Todays electronic version of the diary,the web log or blog has once again stretched the diary to be much more than a personal account of the days eventsThere are blogs to document recipes,traveling,movies,independent news,product announcements,photos,and anything else t

50、hat needs to be recorded over timeSearch engines like Technoraticorn have been created to keep track of the more than 112 million blogs that are currently public75 AIt refers to a book for writings by date BIn its newest form,the diary has become more popular than ever CReading his diary is fascinat