人教版高中英语语法学案必修3Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars44015.pdf

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1、名师整理，助你成功 ,学生用书 P90P91)名师整理，助你成功 .单词拼写 根据音标及词义写出英文单词。1climateklaImIt n 气候 2biologistbaIl dIst n.生物学家 3gravityrv tI n.万有引力；重力 4chainteIn n.链子；连锁；锁链 5satellitest laIt n.卫星；人造卫星 6globel b n.球体；地球仪；地球 7atmospheretm sfI n.大气层；气氛 8multiplymltIplaI vt.&vi.乘；增加 9crashkr vt.&vi.碰撞；坠落 10pullpl vt.&n.拉(力)；拖；牵引

2、力 11floatfl t vt.&vi.(使)浮动 n.漂浮物 12gentledentl adj.温和的；文雅的 13thuss adv.因此；于是 名师整理，助你成功 14atomt m n.原子 15oxygenksId n n.氧.单词拓展 写出下列单词及其派生词。1system n 系统；体系；制度 systematic(al)adj.系统的；有系统的 systematically adv.系统地；有系统地 2puzzle n.谜；难题 vt.&vi.(使)迷惑 puzzled adj.困惑的 puzzling adj.令人困惑的 3exist vi.存在；生存 existent

3、adj.存在的；生存的 existence n.存在；生存 4violence n.暴力；猛烈 violent adj.强暴力；猛烈的 violently adv.粗暴地；猛烈地 5fundation/fundament n.基础 fundamental adj.基本的；基础的 fundamentally adv.根本地；从根本上 名师整理，助你成功 1in_time 及时，终于 2lay_eggs 下蛋 3give_birth_to 产生；分娩 4in_ones_turn 轮到某人 5prevent.from 阻止；制止 6block_out 挡住(光线)7cheer_up 感到高兴；感到振

4、奋 8now_that 既然 9break_out 突发；爆发 10watch_out 密切注视；当心；提防 语境取词 选用上面的单词或短语填空 Cheered_up(鼓舞)by this news，biologists，in their turn，began to do some research to remove peoples puzzles(疑问)now_that(既然)there are some suitable conditions，does life really exist(存在)on this globe？Do they multiply by laying_eggs(下

5、蛋)or giving_birth_to(繁殖)babies？名师整理，助你成功 1“so.that”句型 The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.仿写 这个故事如此有趣以至于我们都沉浸其中。The story _we were all lost in it.2“make it possible to do sth.”结构 This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to devel

6、op.仿写 在它里面所包含的国内及国际新闻使我们了解一周来发生的所有的重要事件成为可能。Both national and international news in it _all important things that have happened during the week.3“倍数asadj./adv.as”句型 But when I tried to step forward，I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.仿写 新技术被引进后，这个工厂 2013 年生产的机器是去年的两倍。Aft

7、er the new technique was introduced，the factory produced _ 4now that 引导的原因状语从句 Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.仿写 既然它对我们的好处如此多，为什么不试一试呢？_，why not have a try?答案：1.was so interesting that 2make it possible for us to learn 3twice as many machines in 2013 as last year 4N

8、ow that it benefits us so much 名师整理，助你成功 阅读下面课文缩写材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The earth was just 1._ cloud of dust after the“Big Bang”The earth exploded loudly with fire and rock.They were in time 2._(produce)many things，which were to make the earths atmosphere.As the earth cooled down，water beg

9、an to appear on 3._ surface.It allowed the earth to dissolve 4._(harm)gases.Then life began to develop.Small plants multiplied and filled the first oceans and seas with oxygen.This encouraged the 5._(develop)of early shellfish and fish.Land animals such as insects，reptiles and dinosaurs 6._(appear)a

10、fter green plants appeared.Small clever animals spread all 7._ the earth.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere，8._ prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.9._life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can 10.

11、_(solve)答案：1.a 2.to produce 3.its 4.harmful 5.development 6.appeared 7.over 8.which 9Whether 10.be solved,学生用书 P91P95)名师整理，助你成功 exist vi.存在，生存(教材 P26)They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.它们也生蛋，在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。名师整理，助你成功 (1)exist in.存在于之中exist on.靠为生there exists.某

12、地有；存在(2)come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在in existence 存在 (2014高考安徽卷阅读理解)In my view，new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style.依我看来，新的建筑风格可以与旧风格完美共存。There_existed huge animals on the earth a long time ago.很久以前地球上存在着体形庞大的动物。They cant exist on the money hes earning.他们靠他挣的那点

13、钱无法维持生活。(2014高考新课标全国卷七选五)True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it.真正的创造力是一种利用现成的东西并从中创作出新的东西的能力。【温馨提示】exist 是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态和进行时。【活用】用 exist 的适当形式或短语填空(1)The old lady became seriously ill last week，and she has only _ milk ever since.(2)There _ a good

14、way to solve the _ problem in geography.(3)As is known to us，China_as an independent country in 1949.答案：(1)existed on(2)exists；existing 名师整理，助你成功(3)came into existence puzzle vt.(使)迷惑；(使)为难；(使)窘困；感到迷惑 n(游戏的)猜谜；难题；谜(教材 P27)How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found ha

15、rd to solve.地球生命如何起源是科学家们觉得很难解决的最大的难题之一。(1)puzzle about/over sth.苦苦思索/仔细琢 磨 puzzle sth.out 琢磨出的答案 a puzzle to sb.让某人费解(2)be in a puzzle 不知如何是好 名师整理，助你成功(3)puzzling adj.令人困惑的 puzzled adj.感到困惑的 The police are still puzzling about/over how the accident could have happened.警察仍然正在苦思这起事故是怎么发生的。Im in_a_puz

16、zle as to what to do next.对于下一步该做什么我不知道。【活用】用 puzzle 的相关词语完成下列小片段 Her(1)_look showed that she(2)_ what he said.Yes.It was really a(3)_because it was(4)_that he would rather throw away the food than give it to those in need.What he said as well as what he did(5)_all the people present.答案：(1)puzzled(2

17、)was puzzled about(3)puzzle(4)puzzling(5)puzzled pull n&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力(教材P30)As the rocket rose into the air，we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity.随着火箭的升空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。名师整理，助你成功 pull away (汽车等)开走 pull down 拆毁；摧毁 pull in (车辆)进站停

18、靠；靠边停靠 pull out 驶出；拉出，拔出 pull through 康复；痊愈 pull up (使)停住 They are pulling down those houses to make room for a new hotel.为了给新旅馆腾地，他们正在拆除那些房屋。The train pulled in and all the passengers got off.火车进站了，所有的乘客都下车了。We waved as the train pulled_out_of_the_station 火车驶出车站时我们挥手告别。【活用】介、副词填空(1)I pulled _ my mo

19、bile phone to read a text message from my mom.(2)The driver pulled_at the gate of our school.(3)The train has pulled_，and the passengers are boarding it now.答案：(1)out(2)up(3)in 名师整理，助你成功 force vt.促进；强迫 n力量；军队(教材 P30)Before we left，Li Yanping explained to me that the force of gravity would change thr

20、ee times on our journey.在启程之前，李彦平向我解释道，在我们的航行中会有三次引力的改变 (1)force sb.to do sth.force sb.into doing sth.迫使做某事 force ones way(into)强行前进或进入 force sth.on sb.把强加于某人(2)by force 依靠武力 come into force (法律)实施 名师整理，助你成功 in force 大批地；大规模地 I was_forced_to take a taxi because the last bus had left.最后一班公共汽车已经开走了，所以

21、我只好坐了一辆出租车。She forced her way through the crowd of reporters.她在记者群中挤出一条通路。【活用】用所给词的适当形式填空(1)The government plans to bring in new laws _(force)parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.(2)The president was forced into _(resign)答案：(1)to force(2)resigning in time 及时；终于，总有一

22、天(教材 P25)They were in time to produce carbon dioxide，nitrogen，water vapour and other gases，which were to make the earths atmosphere.最终产生了碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。名师整理，助你成功 in no time 立刻；马上 at no time 绝不 at a time 每次；一次 at one time 曾经；一度 at the same time 同时 from time to time 有时；偶尔 take ones time 别

23、着急；慢慢来 kill time 消磨时间 (2014高考四川卷阅读理解)We arrived in the summer，just in time to_enjoy(enjoy)the midnight sun.夏天来了，我们及时享受午夜阳光。Therefore，I couldnt spare enough time to write you back in time.所以，我没有及时抽出足够的时间给你写回信。【活用】用 time 的相关短语填空(1)_did I feel they were being unreasonable.(2)Youll succeed _ because you

24、 are always working hard.(3)Youd better do one thing _，so that you can concentrate on it.(4)_，that kind of thing would have made me really angry.答案：(1)At no time(2)in time(3)at a time(4)At one time 名师整理，助你成功 in ones turn 轮到某人；接着(教材 P26)Thus they have，in their turn，become the most important animals o

25、n the planet.于是，他们接着成了这个行星上最重要的动物。in turn 依次；轮流；反之；反过来 by turns 轮流；交替地 take turns to do sth.轮流做某事 It is ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事 It turns/turned out that.结果 名师整理，助你成功 When it is in my turn，I am too excited to speak.当轮到我时，我激动得都说不出话来了。You cant all do it together；youll have to take turns.你们不能全体一齐上；你

26、们得轮流做。Theory is based on practice and in_turn serves practice.理论的基础是实践，反过来理论又为实践服务。【活用】用 turn 的相关词语填空(1)He asked each of us_ to describe how the Internet had affected our lives.(2)Obviously mad，the poor woman laughed and cried _(3)A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics，which _ wi

27、ll promote its economic development.答案：(1)in turn(2)by turns(3)in turn cheer up(使)高兴；(使)振奋；感到高兴；感到振奋(教材 P31)I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.我立刻高兴起来，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月亮越来越大。名师整理，助你

28、成功 (1)cheer sb.on 以喝彩声鼓励；为某人加油 cheer the victory 为胜利而欢呼(2)cheering adj.能鼓舞人的；使人振作/高兴的 cheerful adj.快乐的；高兴的；兴高采烈的 cheerless adj.阴冷的；阴暗的；阴郁的；不快乐的(3)Cheers!(用于祝酒)干杯！(2014高考福建卷阅读理解)So we went over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower for the lady to cheer her up.所以我们走向卖花人那儿问她我们是否可

29、以买朵花使老太太高兴起来。They gathered round the swimming pool and cheered_her_on他们聚集在游泳池边为她加油。I do hope she can cheer up and accept the challenge of life bravely！我真心希望她能振作起来，勇敢地接受生活的挑战！【活用】用 cheer 的相关短语完成句子 The(1)_news made the(2)_boy(3)_，which made his parents(4)_，too.这个令人鼓舞的消息使得这个不愉快的小男孩高兴起来，他的父母也感到很高兴。答案：(1

30、)cheering(2)cheerless(3)cheerful(4)cheer up 名师整理，助你成功 (教材 P31)“Oh dear，”I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”“天哪，”我大声说，“重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”名师整理，助你成功 now that“既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句。在语义上相当于 since，that 在口语中可省略。Now that you have finished your work，youd better have a res

31、t.既然你的工作已经完成了，你最好休息一下吧。Now_that/Since youve grown up，you can make up your mind by yourself.既然你已经长大了，你可以自己做决定了。【温馨提示】now that 中的 that 可以省略，它相当于 since，强调人们已知的事实；because 比 now that/since 表示的原因更直接。(教材 P31)But when I tried to step forward，I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.名

32、师整理，助你成功 而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。twice as far as.是一种倍数的表示方法，意为“是的两倍远”。as far as.“远到”。英语里常见的倍数表达法有：Abe倍数asadj./adv.原级as BAbe倍数adj./adv.比较级than BAbe倍数the名词（size/weight/length.）of BA倍数what从句，表示“A是的多少倍”。Professor Wang is considering going to teach in our school，where he can get paid

33、five times as much.王教授正考虑在我们学校教课，在这里他能获得 5 倍的报酬。Jessica devoted twice_more_energy_and_time_than she did before，so I believe she will succeed this time.杰西卡付出的是以前三倍的时间和精力，所以我相信她这次能成功。The worlds population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.目前世界人口与 1800 年相比已经增长到当时的六倍多。名师整理，助你成功 扫一扫 进入

34、 91 导学网()形容词倍数关系的三种表达方法 .词汇自测 A)根据句意及汉语提示，写出所缺单词。1Its _(不像)him to be late；hes usually on time.2Not all people are aware of the various effects of _(全球的)warming on the earth.3Some believe in the _(存在)of life on Mars，while others consider it as a myth.4When the policeman stopped we all looked question

35、ingly at him，nervous and _(迷惑的)5I consider that it is _(有害的)for students to play computer games，though some of them dont think so.答案：1.unlike 2.global 3.existence 4.puzzled 5harmful B)在句中空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。6He failed in the exam and I didnt know how to cheer him_ 7With the sun _(rise)，the

36、clouds in the sky became thinner and thinner.8Is there any hope of saving his life?His injuries are extremely serious，but hes expected to pulled_ 9I could feel the wind _(gentle)blowing through my hair，it was a warm summer breeze.名师整理，助你成功 10Last year，one of the plants exploded _(violent)，and the lo

37、cal people got into a great panic.答案：6.up 7.rising 8.through 9.gently 10.violently.选词填空 用方框中短语的适当形式完成下列句子。watch out；in time；give birth to；break out；in ones turn；block out；get the hang of；cheer sb.up 1Dont worryIm sure things will get better _ 2We congratulated her on _ a fine healthy baby.3Class Thr

38、ee should be responsible for raising the red flag this week_ 4The wall _ all the light.It should be pulled down.5She told her child to _ when crossing the street.6Using the computer isnt difficult once you _ it.7Mary looks a little unhappy today.Yes.We must do something to _ 8Should another world wa

39、r _，what would become of human beings?答案：1.in time 2.giving birth to 3.in its turn 4.blocks out 5.watch out 6.get the hang of7cheer her up 8.break out.一句多译 1正在建造的下届亚运会的新体育馆将是目前这个的三倍大。The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _ the present one.The new stadium being built for the ne

40、xt Asian Games will be _ the present one.The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will _ the present one.2他们向公众表明：他们所做的工作重要且必不可少。They _ they did an important and necessary job.They _they did an important and necessary job.3既然大家都同意这个计划，咱们下个星期出发去上海。_，lets start for Shanghai next week._，let

41、s start for Shanghai next week.答案：1.three times as big as three times bigger than be three times the size of 2made it clear to the public that made it was clear to the public that 3Since everyone agrees to the plan Now that everyone agrees to the plan 名师整理，助你成功 写作素材 1恐龙在地球上存活了好多年。2他们生下小恐龙，温暖的气候使他们迅速

42、繁殖。3可惜，他们未能制止自己的消失。4此后人类就开始统治这个地球。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。连句成篇 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ One possible version：Dinosaurs existed on the earth for a long time.They gave birth to young babies and the warm climate helped them multiply quickly.Sadly，they couldnt prevent themselves from disappearing and then it was the turn of the humans to control the earth.温馨提示 完成作业：必修 3 Unit 4