高中英语名词性从句详细讲解精选PPT讲稿.ppt

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1、关于高中英语名词性从句详细讲解第一页，讲稿共三十九页哦名词性从句名词性从句nounclause 主语从句主语从句subjectclause 宾语从句宾语从句objectclause 表语从句表语从句predicativeclause 同位语从句同位语从句appositiveclause第二页，讲稿共三十九页哦辨别下列名词性从句的类别：1.Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.2.JohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondononWednesday.3.Thefactisthathehasnotbeenseenrecently.4.Thef

2、actthathehasnotbeenseenrecentlydisturbseveryoneinhisoffice.5.HewilltalktousaboutwhathesawinU.S.6.ItisimpossiblethatIgoandattendthemeeting.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句宾语从句宾语从句主语从句主语从句第三页，讲稿共三十九页哦That/wh-clause+v+主语从句主语从句S+be/link.v+that/wh-clause表语从句表语从句S+vt+that/wh-clause宾语从句宾语从句S+vi+prep+wh-c

3、lause宾语从句宾语从句第四页，讲稿共三十九页哦名词从句又可分别称为名词从句又可分别称为名词从句又可分别称为名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和和和和同同同同位语从句。位语从句。位语从句。位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：连接词：that,whether,if连接代词：连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.连接副词：连接副词：when,where,how,why1。that只只起起连连接

4、接主主句句和和从从句句的的作作用用，在在从从句句中中不不担担任任任任何何成成分分，本本身身也也没有词义，没有词义，宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句中可省略中可省略2。不充当介。不充当介宾宾宾宾3。引导主语从句、引导主语从句、表语从句表语从句表语从句表语从句和同位语从句和同位语从句,that不可省略。不可省略。4.thatwhether,if,asif,asthough（以上在从句中均不充当任何以上在从句中均不充当任何成分成分第五页，讲稿共三十九页哦 一主语从句一主语从句主主语语从从句句是是在在复复合合句句中中充充当当主主语语的的从从句句，通通常常放放在在主主句句谓语动词之前或由形式主语谓语动词

5、之前或由形式主语itit代替，而本身放在句子末尾。代替，而本身放在句子末尾。1.It 1.It 作形式主语作形式主语It作作形形式式主主语语代代替替主主语语从从句句，主主要要是是为为了了平平衡衡句句子子结结构构，主主语语从句的连接词没有变化。例如：从句的连接词没有变化。例如：Itisapitythatyoudidntgotoseethefilm.Itdoesntinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.第六页，讲稿共三十九页哦1.It+be+形容词形容词 that从句从句It is necessary/It is necessary/important/obviousi

6、mportant/obvious thatthat2.It+be+-ed分词分词 that从句从句It is believed that 人们相信人们相信It is known to us all that.众所周知众所周知It has been decided that 已经决定已经决定3.It+be+名词名词 that从句从句It is common knowledge that 是常识是常识It is a surprise that.令人惊奇的是令人惊奇的是It is a fact that 事实是事实是4.It+不及物动词不及物动词 that从句从句It appears that 似乎

7、似乎It happens that.碰巧碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起我突然想起第七页，讲稿共三十九页哦n另注意在主语从句中用来表示另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，等语气时，谓语动词要用谓语动词要用 虚拟语气虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：，常用的句型有：nIt is necessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that nIt is suggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that 第八页，讲稿共三十九页

8、哦what引引导导主主语语从从句句时时在在句句时时在在从从句句中中充充当当句句子子成成分分，如如主主语语宾宾语语表表语语，而而that则则不不然然。例如：例如：1)_yousaidyesterdayisright.2)_sheisstillaliveisagoodthing.Itisrightwhatyousaidyesterday.Itisagoodthingthatsheisstillalive.WhatThat2.what与与that在引导主语从句时的区别在引导主语从句时的区别第九页，讲稿共三十九页哦主语从句中的主语从句中的“主谓一致主谓一致”：1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体主语从句通常

9、被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数形主句的谓语动词用单数形式式.Thattheywillcome_certain.2.What引导主语从句时引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定语的单复数决定.Whathewants_thesebooks.Whathewants_somewater.3.注意注意isareis第十页，讲稿共三十九页哦n1_in the regulations that you should not tell other people the pass word of your e-mail account.(2005上海上海)n A.W

10、hat is required B.What requiresn C It is required D.It requiresn2.The Foreign Minister said,“_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”(2006 北京北京)n A.This B.There is C.That is D.It isn3.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,_ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.(2004

11、 上海上海)n A.where B.what C.that D.hown Exercises第十一页，讲稿共三十九页哦 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名名名名词词词词性性性性从从从从句句句句，通通通通常常常常放放放放在在在在主主主主句句句句谓谓谓谓语语语语动动动动词词词词(及及及及物物物物动动动动词词词词)或或或或介介介介词之后。词之后。词之后。词之后。1.Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.2.Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewi

12、thoneanother.3.Iamafraid(that)Ivemadeamistake.宾语从句宾语从句(作动词的宾语作动词的宾语)(作介词的宾语作介词的宾语)(作形容词的宾语作形容词的宾语)第十二页，讲稿共三十九页哦n注意注意1：在：在demand，order，suggest，decide，insist,desire,request,command,doubt等表示等表示要求、命令、建要求、命令、建议、决定议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形动词原形”。nI insist that she(should)do her work al

13、one.我坚持要她自己工作。我坚持要她自己工作。nThe commander ordered that troops(should)set off at once.司令员命令部队司令员命令部队马上出发。马上出发。第十三页，讲稿共三十九页哦n2.用用whether或或if引导的宾语从句，其引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，持陈述句语序。此外，whether与与if 在作在作“是否是否”的意思讲时在下列情况的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用下一般只能用whether，不用，不用if：na.引导引导主语从句主语从句并在并在句首句首时；

14、时；b.引导引导表语从句表语从句时；时；c.引导从句作引导从句作介词宾语介词宾语时；时；d.从句后有从句后有“or not”时；时；e.后后接接动词动词不定式不定式时。时。第十四页，讲稿共三十九页哦nWhether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.nThe question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test?nEverything depends on whether we have enough money.nI wonder whether he

15、 will come or not.nCan you tell me whether to go or to stay?第十五页，讲稿共三十九页哦3.宾语从句中的宾语从句中的“时态呼应时态呼应”与与“否定转移否定转移”若主句谓语动词为若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：谓语用肯定式。例如：Hetoldmethathe_hisjob.(已经完成了

16、工作已经完成了工作)时态呼应时态呼应否定转移否定转移我认为他不会来这里我认为他不会来这里.I think he wont come here.()I dont think he will come here.()hadfinished第十六页，讲稿共三十九页哦4.宾语从句中用宾语从句中用it作形式宾语作形式宾语We think it our duty that we should help others.注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用时，一般用itit来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。我发现他两天

17、之内完成工作是不可能的我发现他两天之内完成工作是不可能的.Ifinditimpossiblethathecanfinishtheworkintwodays.第十七页，讲稿共三十九页哦Exercises:“it”作形式主语或形式宾语：作形式主语或形式宾语：1.Ihate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfullA.itB.thatC.theseD.them2.Ifeel_strangethatheshouldbesocareless.A./B.itC.thatD.how3.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggrey.AwhileB.th

18、atCifDfor4Willyouseeto_thattheluggageisbroughtback?A.weB.yourselfC.itD.themABBC第十八页，讲稿共三十九页哦 三表语从句三表语从句表表语语从从句句在在复复合合句句中中作作表表语语的的名名词词性性从从句句，放放在在系系动动词词之之后后，一一般般结结构构是是“主主语语连连系系动动词词表表语语从从句句”。可可以以接接表表语语从从句句的的连连系系动动词词有有be,look,remain,seem等等。另另外外，常常用用的的还还有有thereasonisthat和和Itisbecause等结构。例如：等结构。例如：1)Thequ

19、estionis_wecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashorttime.2)Thisis_wecantgetthesupportofthepeople.3)Butthefactremains_wearebehindtheotherclasses.4)Thereason_heislateforschoolis_hemissedtheearlybus.whether/howwhythatwhythat第十九页，讲稿共三十九页哦 四同位语从句四同位语从句1.同位语从句的功能同位语从句的功能同同位位语语从从句句对对于于名名词词进进一一步步解解释释，说说明明名名词词的的具具体

20、体内内容容，一一般般由由that引导，例如：引导，例如：1)Thekingsdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.2)Theorderthatallthesoldiersshouldstaystillisgivenbythegeneral.同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。2.同位语在句子中的位置同位语在句子中的位置同同位位语语从从句句有有时时

21、可可以以不不紧紧跟跟在在它它所所说说明明的的名名词词后后面面，而而是是被被别别的的词隔开。例如：词隔开。例如：HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.第二十页，讲稿共三十九页哦n同位语从句和同位语从句和定语从句定语从句的区别：的区别：nthat作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省

22、略。略。nI had no idea that you were here（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）引导同位语从句，不能省略）nHave you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）第二十一页，讲稿共三十九页哦Exercises1.Doris success lies in the fact _ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.(2006 上海春季上海

23、春季)A.which B.that C.when D.why2.Do you have any idea_ is actually going on in the classroom?(2005辽宁辽宁)A.that B.what c.as D.which3.There is a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is not ever.(2002上海上海)A.that B.which c.of which D.what4.Information has been put forward_ more middle school graduat

24、es will be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C.when D.as第二十二页，讲稿共三十九页哦(1)Theywanttoknow_dotohelpus.A.whatcanthey B.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey(2)Canyoumakesure_thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput(3)SomeoneisringingMary.Goandsee_.A.whoi

25、sheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitisB BC CI.语序问题考点归纳考点归纳DD归纳归纳 在在名名词词性性从从句句中中，除除了了关关联联词词在在从从句句之之首首外外，其其它它部分部分应用应用_的语序的语序。陈述陈述第二十三页，讲稿共三十九页哦II.用用if 或或whether 填空填空n1.I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.n2.I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow.n3.The question is _ this book is worth writing.n4.It depends

26、on _ we will have enough money.n5._ they can do it matters little to us.n6._ you are not free tomorrow,Ill go without youwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherWhetherIfa.主主语语从从句句、表表语语从从句句、同同位位语语从从句句、介介词词后后面面的的宾宾语从句只能用语从句只能用_，不能用，不能用if；b.后面紧跟后面紧跟ornot时时,用用_.归纳归纳whetherwhether第二十四页，讲稿共三十九页哦III.that与与whether/

27、if的选择：的选择：(1)_knowledgecomesfrompracticeisknowntoall.A.WhatB.WhereC.IfD.That(2)Itmakesnodifference_oursportsmeetwillbeheldthisweekornextweek.A.thatB.eitherC.whetherD.when(3)Idoubt_hewillcomesoon.(4)Idonotdoubt_hewillcomesoon.(5)Doyoudoubt_hewillcomesoon?whether/ifwhether/ifthatthatthatthat 表示是否时用表示是

28、否时用_,表示肯定时用表示肯定时用_归纳归纳whether/ifthat第二十五页，讲稿共三十九页哦1._Icantunderstandiswhyhehaschangedhismind.2._theearthisroundisknowntousall.3._hewontheracewas_weexpected.that:what:_只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，没有词义只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，没有词义_起连接作用，且在从句中充当主语，宾语或表语，起连接作用，且在从句中充当主语，宾语或表语，表示表示“所所的的”。ThatWhatThatwhat归纳归纳.that，what引

29、导名词性从句的区别引导名词性从句的区别第二十六页，讲稿共三十九页哦.what&whateverwho&whoeverwhich&whichever引导名词性从句的区别引导名词性从句的区别1._isworthdoingisworthdoingwell.2._weneedismoretime.3._madethelongdistancecalltohimisnotimportant.4._breaksthelawwillbepunished.WhateverWhatWhoWhoevern _等引导的名词性从句等引导的名词性从句不含有不含有疑问意义疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而，相当于名词

30、后加一个定语从句，而n_等引导的名词性从句都等引导的名词性从句都含有含有疑问意义疑问意义。Whoever,whateverWho,what第二十七页，讲稿共三十九页哦1.Its generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A.which B.thatC.whatever D.all what2.These wild flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to save them.A.which B.thatC.whatever D.all what3._ ki

31、lls,sells or eats wild animals or birds,is to blame.A.AnyoneB.Anyone whoC.Those who D.ThoseExercises第二十八页，讲稿共三十九页哦.名词性从句中的虚拟语气：名词性从句中的虚拟语气：Hesuggestedthatameeting(should)beheldimmediately.Itwassuggestedthatameeting(should)beheldimmediately.Hissuggestionwasthatameeting(should)beheldimmediately.Hemade

32、asuggestionthatameeting(should)beheldimmediately.表示表示建议建议,请求请求,命令命令,要求要求,坚持坚持等的名词性从句中等的名词性从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气谓语动词用虚拟语气.归纳归纳第二十九页，讲稿共三十九页哦2.在主语从句中用来表示在主语从句中用来表示惊奇惊奇,不相信不相信,惋惜惋惜,理应如此理应如此等等,谓语动词用虚拟语气谓语动词用虚拟语气(should)+do,常用句型有常用句型有 1)It is necessary(important,natural,strange,etc)that 2)It is a pity(a shame,no

33、wonder etc,)that e.g.It is strange that she(should)think so.第三十页，讲稿共三十九页哦试区分以下句子试区分以下句子Do you know the fact that he stole the car?Do you know the fact that they were talking about?注意：注意：1.1.如果是定语从句，它的从句肯定是不完如果是定语从句，它的从句肯定是不完整的，关系词肯定在句中充当成分的；而同位语整的，关系词肯定在句中充当成分的；而同位语从句中的从句中的thatthat只起连接作用。只起连接作用。2.2.

34、定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，而同位定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，而同位语从句则解释说明前面名词的具体内容。语从句则解释说明前面名词的具体内容。(同从同从)(定从定从)拓展拓展第三十一页，讲稿共三十九页哦高考再现高考再现1.(NMET1995)isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It2.(NMET1996)wecantgetseemsbetterthanwehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what3.(NMET20

35、01春春)Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatteritwas?A.whereB.whatC.howD.which4.(NMET1997)Itsgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever5.(NMET1999)IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.-Isthat youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.whereDADBA第三十二页，讲稿共三十九页哦

36、第三十三页，讲稿共三十九页哦1.Thequestionis_thefilmisworthseeing.A.ifB.whatC.whetherD.how2.Theyreceivedorders_theworkbedoneatonce.A.whichB.whenC./D.that3.Thereason_Ihavetogois_mymotherisillinbed.A.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;becauseConsolidation:第三十四页，讲稿共三十九页哦4._Icantunderstandis_shewantstochangehermind.

37、A.What;whyB.Which;howC.That;whyD.What;because5._hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain.A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Evenif6.Itisknowntous_wherethereispollution,thereisharm.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that第三十五页，讲稿共三十九页哦7.Ihavetheinformation_.A.ofwhathellcomesoonB.thathellcomesoonC.ofthathellcomesoonD.hisc

38、omingsoon8.-Isawyourneighborbreakyourwindowwithabasketball.-_itmademenearlymad.A.ThathebrokeB.WhathebrokeC.HebrokeD.Hisbreak第三十六页，讲稿共三十九页哦9.Itremainsaquestion_wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.A.howB.thatC.whenD.what10.-CanIhelpyou?-Yes,doyouknow_?A.whencomesthebusB.whenwillcomethebusC.whendoesthebuscomeD.whenthebuscomes第三十七页，讲稿共三十九页哦11.Hemadeapromise_anyonesethimfreehewouldmakehimveryrich.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.thatif12.Theylosttheirwayintheforestand_mademattersworsewas_nightbegantofall.A.what;thatB.it;thatC.what;whenD.which;what第三十八页，讲稿共三十九页哦感谢大家观看第三十九页，讲稿共三十九页哦