高考完形填空解题技巧精选PPT讲稿.ppt

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1、关于高考完形填空解题技巧第一页，讲稿共二十八页哦 完型填空完型填空 之能力训练目标之能力训练目标：1)词语辨析能力词语辨析能力2)语法结构分析能力语法结构分析能力3)语篇理解能力语篇理解能力4)逻辑推理能力逻辑推理能力5)文化背景透析能力文化背景透析能力6)作者意图剖析能力作者意图剖析能力7)生活常识综合运用能力生活常识综合运用能力第二页，讲稿共二十八页哦近几年广东完型填空特点近几年广东完型填空特点:1.1.题材常为说明文或夹叙夹议的文章题材常为说明文或夹叙夹议的文章.2.2.内容完整内容完整,逻辑性强逻辑性强,语言结构严谨语言结构严谨.3.3.考察近义词语细微差别的辨析考察近义词语细微差别的

2、辨析.4.4.考察重点多为实词考察重点多为实词:名名/代代/动词动词/形容形容/副词副词等等.5.5.关注语境背景知识关注语境背景知识,侧重上下关联侧重上下关联,暗示判断暗示判断能力能力.6.6.侧重于篇章侧重于篇章,体现语用判断和内在逻辑体现语用判断和内在逻辑.第三页，讲稿共二十八页哦完型填空设题特点完型填空设题特点:年度年度年度年度 20072007年年年年 20082008年年年年 体裁体裁体裁体裁 说明文说明文说明文说明文 记叙文记叙文记叙文记叙文 题材题材题材题材 该文通过前沿科学的幻想，介绍了该文通过前沿科学的幻想，介绍了该文通过前沿科学的幻想，介绍了该文通过前沿科学的幻想，介绍了

3、一种未来可以代替密码的面部识别一种未来可以代替密码的面部识别一种未来可以代替密码的面部识别一种未来可以代替密码的面部识别技术。技术。技术。技术。本文讲述了并非所有英国神本文讲述了并非所有英国神本文讲述了并非所有英国神本文讲述了并非所有英国神话故事中的仙女都是善良的，话故事中的仙女都是善良的，话故事中的仙女都是善良的，话故事中的仙女都是善良的，有的也很残酷，常给人们带有的也很残酷，常给人们带有的也很残酷，常给人们带有的也很残酷，常给人们带来痛苦。来痛苦。来痛苦。来痛苦。总词数总词数总词数总词数 153153206206名词名词名词名词 5 5个个个个 2 2个个个个 动词动词动词动词 2 2个个

4、个个 4 4个个个个 形容词形容词形容词形容词 2 2个个个个 4 4个个个个 副词副词副词副词 1 1个个个个 0 0个个个个 第四页，讲稿共二十八页哦Tales of the supernatural are common in all parts of Britain.In Tales of the supernatural are common in all parts of Britain.In particular,there was(and perhaps still is)a belief in fairies(particular,there was(and perhaps

5、still is)a belief in fairies(仙女仙女仙女仙女).).Not all of these Not all of these 21 21 are the friendly,people-loving characters that are the friendly,people-loving characters that appear in Disney films,and in some folktales they are appear in Disney films,and in some folktales they are 22 22 and cause a

6、nd cause much human suffering.This is true in the tales about the Changeling.much human suffering.This is true in the tales about the Changeling.These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows 23 23 and pale and and pale and has changed so much tha

7、t it is almost has changed so much that it is almost 24 24 to the parents.It was to the parents.It was then then 25 25 that the fairies had come and stolen the baby away that the fairies had come and stolen the baby away and and 26 26 the human baby with a fairy Changeling.There were the human baby

8、with a fairy Changeling.There were many ways to prevent this from happening:hanging a knife over many ways to prevent this from happening:hanging a knife over the babys head while he slept or covering him with some of his the babys head while he slept or covering him with some of his fathers clothes

9、 were just two of the recommended fathers clothes were just two of the recommended 27 27 .However,.However,hope was not lost even if the baby had been hope was not lost even if the baby had been 28 28 .In those cases.In those cases there was often a way to get the there was often a way to get the 29

10、 29 baby back.You could baby back.You could 30 30 the Changeling on the fire-then it would rise up the chimney,and the Changeling on the fire-then it would rise up the chimney,and you would hear the sound of fairies laughter and soon after you you would hear the sound of fairies laughter and soon af

11、ter you would find your own child safe and sound nearby.would find your own child safe and sound nearby.第五页，讲稿共二十八页哦解题方法：解题方法：总的原则：总的原则：“先完意，后完形先完意，后完形”。八字方针：八字方针：上下求索，瞻前顾后。上下求索，瞻前顾后。三步曲：三步曲：读读填填读读第六页，讲稿共二十八页哦完形填空之完形填空之三步答题三步答题第七页，讲稿共二十八页哦Step1Skip(跳读跳读)thepassagetogetthe general ideaandpayattention

12、tothe first sentence.In the cloze test,there is no blank in the first sentence(首句首句).It helps us to know the topic of the whole passage.(.(完形完形填空首句不挖空，帮助进入语境）填空首句不挖空，帮助进入语境）第八页，讲稿共二十八页哦Step2 Rereadandchoosethebestanswerforeachblankbyusingsome methods.在把握语篇大意的基础上，借助于在把握语篇大意的基础上，借助于 一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案。一些恰当

13、的方法选择最佳答案。第九页，讲稿共二十八页哦Discuss:What are your methods of doing cloze tests?第十页，讲稿共二十八页哦Fourmethods(四种常用的方法四种常用的方法)：1、context上下文语境上下文语境2、worddistinctionsorcollocations词语辨词语辨析和固定搭配析和固定搭配3、informationgiveninthepassage利用文利用文章中的信息（原词复现、近义词和反义词等）章中的信息（原词复现、近义词和反义词等）4、culturalbackgroundandcommonsense文化背景和常识文

14、化背景和常识第十一页，讲稿共二十八页哦Step3Readthepassageagainandcheckthe answers.（将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查）将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查）Tips:1、thetenseandthevoice，theaccordbetweensubjectandpredicate（时态语态，主谓语在上下文时态语态，主谓语在上下文的中是否一致）的中是否一致）2、grammarandcollocations（语法和习惯用法的（语法和习惯用法的搭配在上下文中是否逻辑上一致）搭配在上下文中是否逻辑上一致）3、theconnectionbetweensentences

15、andparagraphs(段段与段，句与句之间的衔接是否连贯与段，句与句之间的衔接是否连贯)4、themeaningofthewholepassage（整体上检查（整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文的衔接是否合理）结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文的衔接是否合理）第十二页，讲稿共二十八页哦完形填空之完形填空之九大解题技巧九大解题技巧第十三页，讲稿共二十八页哦1.利用首句来解题利用首句来解题Ididverybadlyatschool.MyheadmasterthoughtIwas36andwhenIwas14hesaid,“Yourenevergoingtobe37(anything)b

16、utafailure.”A.brightB.uselessC.simpleD.hopeful第十四页，讲稿共二十八页哦2.根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题Eg:Ourfatherwasastruggling36(lawyer),butIalwaysknewhewas37.Henevercriticizedus,butusedto38tobringoutourbest.(2005年山东年山东)37.A.strictB.honestC.specialD.learned38.A.helpB.peaceC.smileD.praise第十五页，讲稿共二十八页哦Practice

17、HisbigstomachhasalwaysballoonedoutbetweenhisT-shirtandtrousers.Althoughhisfamilyoften43aboutthat,Edrefusedtobuya44T-shirtortoloseweight.（2003年全国）年全国）43.A.caredB.forgotC.quarreledD.joked44.A.cleanB.straightC.largerD.darker第十六页，讲稿共二十八页哦3.利用语篇标志解题利用语篇标志解题常见的标志性的词语有以下几种常见的标志性的词语有以下几种;结构层次结构层次:firstly,se

18、condly,thirdly；逻辑关系：；逻辑关系：thus,therefore,so；递进关系：递进关系：besides,whatsmore,further;转折关系：转折关系：but,while,however等。等。Shetoldthefront-deskclerkshehadhada(n)_vacation,butwasheart-brokenaboutlosingseveralrollsofKodakcolorfilmshehadnotyetdeveloped.A.disappointing B.wonderfulC.uncomfortableD.important_第十七页，讲稿共

19、二十八页哦4.根据逻辑推理解题根据逻辑推理解题Eg:andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange_quitepleasanttaste.A.besidesB.butC.andD.or 第十八页，讲稿共二十八页哦 Students generally appreciate these special 50 opportunities.They are almostalways fun and interesting,and professors 51 them too because stu

20、dents learn somuch in just a few short months.50.A.working B.living C.teaching D.learning51.A.hold B.like C.dislike D.discover第十九页，讲稿共二十八页哦5.根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择Theamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld.36(Owning)springsandstreamssometimesmeanscontrol,particularlyinthe37

21、areaslikethedesert.AdryBdistantCdesertedDwild第二十页，讲稿共二十八页哦6.从语法角度来解题从语法角度来解题Eg:Iwentintoacafandaskedforacoffee.21Iwaswaitingformydrink,Irealizedthattherewereotherpeopleintheplace,butIsensed22(loneliness).ABeforeBSinceCAlthoughDWhile第二十一页，讲稿共二十八页哦7.从词汇辨异和固定搭配方面来解题从词汇辨异和固定搭配方面来解题1)Hewasonlyfourteenand

22、wasnotgoodatswimming_1_.Soheshouldnthavegoneintothatplace.1.A.afterallB.inallC.atallD.forall2)So I tried hard with my writing and went to college.My first novel 45 while I was at college.45.A.came on B.came in C.came out D.came back第二十二页，讲稿共二十八页哦8.利用词汇的复现解题利用词汇的复现解题例例1：The strange thing was that pra

23、ctically all the students went to class,and very few people stayed up late at night.Only the new people stayed up or _ class.(NMET2000）A.attended B.took C.missed D.studied文章中文章中or连接的是并列成分，所以空格中的连接的是并列成分，所以空格中的内容应与上文内容应与上文went to class 构成相反的意义，构成相反的意义，该题属于反义词复现现象。该题属于反义词复现现象。第二十三页，讲稿共二十八页哦例例2：How doe

24、s a tooth go bad?The 51 begins in a little crack in the enamel(珐琅）珐琅）covering of the tooth.This happens after germs and bits of food have collected there.Then the decay slowly spreads inside the tooth.In the end,poison goes into blood,and we may feel quite ill.(2002,上海上海春季招生）春季招生）51.A.destruction B.

25、decay C.fault D.hurt上文中讲蛀牙如何产生。上文中讲蛀牙如何产生。空空51和红体单词在意和红体单词在意义上是一致的，义上是一致的，属于同义词复现现象属于同义词复现现象。第二十四页，讲稿共二十八页哦9.利用语气副词的情景解题利用语气副词的情景解题.I raised the pistol and fired.The animal fell backwards with an angry cry.Father took the _ smoking pistol from my hand,and fired another shot,which killed the gorilla.

26、A.still B.yet C.even D.already第二十五页，讲稿共二十八页哦完形填空之完形填空之实战训练实战训练第二十六页，讲稿共二十八页哦Consolidationexercise Wouldntitbegreatifwedidnthavetorememberpasswords(密密码码)everagain？Ifwecouldjustsitinfrontofourcomputersandbe21loggedin(登登录录)?CravementionshowNECSoftBiodeLogonsystemusesfacerecognitiontechnologytologyouont

27、oWindows,ratherthanusinga22.Allyouneedisawebcamandyourprettyfaceto23yourPC.Nomore24,confusingpasswordstorememberorchangeeveryfewmonths.21.A.automaticallyB.personallyC.correctlyD.occasionally22.A.faceB.passwordC.softwareD.system23.A.accessB.connectC.recognizeD.remember24.A.simpleB.complicatedC.specialD.useful第二十七页，讲稿共二十八页哦感谢大家观看第二十八页，讲稿共二十八页哦