句子的五种基本句型结构课件.ppt

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1、关于句子的五种基本句型结构现在学习的是第1页，共64页SVVtVilvOPSubject 主语主语Verb 谓语动词谓语动词Transitive verb 及物动词及物动词Intransitive verb 不及物动词不及物动词Linking verb 连系动词连系动词Object 宾语宾语Predicative 表语表语现在学习的是第2页，共64页现在学习的是第3页，共64页Birdwatching1.A golden eagle is flying.现在学习的是第4页，共64页Birdwatching2.A crane eats fish.现在学习的是第5页，共64页Birdwatchin

2、g3.A Swan has a long thin neck.现在学习的是第6页，共64页Birdwatching4.A swallow has a forked tail.现在学习的是第7页，共64页2.A crane eats fish.3.A Swan has a long thin neck.4.A swallow has a forked tail.1.A golden eagle is flying.Subject(主语主语)S 动作发出者动作发出者Verb（谓语）（谓语）V 动作本身动作本身Direct Object（宾语）（宾语）DO 动作接受者动作接受者1.S+V 主语主语+

3、谓语谓语 主谓结构主谓结构2.S+V+O 主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语 主谓宾结构主谓宾结构Vi 不及物动词不及物动词 后面没有宾语后面没有宾语Vt 及物动词及物动词 后面必须有宾语后面必须有宾语现在学习的是第8页，共64页SV和和SVO的注意点的注意点1.They are running.2.Jim can draw.3.The baby pandas drink milk.4.We will read English.run draw vi.(不及物不及物 动词）动词）drink read vt.（及物动词）及物动词）注意注意:1.谓语谓语(V)具有各种不同时态具有各种不同时态;进行时；情

4、态动词；现在时；进行时；情态动词；现在时；以及将来时以及将来时2.在句中先找主语在句中先找主语 subject 再找谓语部分再找谓语部分如是不及物动词，其后不能直接加宾语如是不及物动词，其后不能直接加宾语如是及物动词，其后必须有宾语。如是及物动词，其后必须有宾语。其后有没有宾语是其后有没有宾语是S+V和和S+V+O判断标志判断标志 3.如果对宾语提问使用疑问词如果对宾语提问使用疑问词what.What do baby pandas drink?What will we read?1.S+V1.S+V+O现在学习的是第9页，共64页动词动词+to do:learn/prepare/would l

5、ike/need/have/try/want/hope/plan/agree/choose/decide这就是我们常见的这就是我们常见的 动词动词+to do 句型句型动词动词+doing sth:mind/finish/practise这就是我们常见的这就是我们常见的 动词动词+doing 句型句型动词动词+宾语从句宾语从句:think/believe/be sure/be afraid/say/know/find The government wants to protect the endangered birds.SVOI will finish doing homework soon

6、.SVOI think that you can do the job.SVO现在学习的是第10页，共64页现在学习的是第11页，共64页I like the golden eagle.It has a hooked beak.It looks strong.It is lovely.SSSSVVlinking verbs(系动词)DODOP（表语（表语)PredicativeVbebecomegetlook smelltaste soundfeel 1.S+V(lv)+P 主语主语+谓语谓语(系动词系动词)+表语表语 主主系表结构系表结构三类系动词三类系动词表语三成分表语三成分现在学习的是第

7、12页，共64页1 The man is in the park.2 He looks kind.3 He is a kind man.4 The singing of birds sounds beautiful.5 The world will become better.lvlvlvlvlvP（介词短语）（介词短语）P（adj）P(adj)P（n名词短语）名词短语）P(adj形容词比较级形容词比较级)表语表语 P成分可以出现成分可以出现形容词，名词，介词短语形容词，名词，介词短语(形名介形名介)现在学习的是第13页，共64页常见的连系动词常见的连系动词 1.表示表示感觉感觉的动词的动词5

8、个个-必须翻译为必须翻译为 起来起来feel感到感到 excited;smell good;taste delicious;sound interesting;look happy2.表示表示变化变化的动词的动词6个：有固定的搭配个：有固定的搭配get smaller;grow older;become stronger;turn yellow;go bad;come true3.表示表示状态保持状态保持的动词：的动词：stay healthy;keep warm;remain保持保持be(am,is.are,was,were)是是 ；seem似乎似乎必须是这三类专门的词，而且必须表达这个特殊

9、的含义必须是这三类专门的词，而且必须表达这个特殊的含义时才是系动词。时才是系动词。现在学习的是第14页，共64页易考的混淆点易考的混淆点 一一 The food tastes _(delicious).S +V(lv)+P I will taste the food _(good).S+V(Vt)+OHis father looked _(angry)S+V(lv)+PHis father looked _(angry)at him.S+V(Vi+介词介词)+Odeliciouswellangryangrily1 三类专门词，而且表达这种特殊含义才是系动词。三类专门词，而且表达这种特殊含义才是

10、系动词。有的词具备多种含义所以具备多种词性有的词具备多种含义所以具备多种词性现在学习的是第15页，共64页易考的混淆点易考的混淆点 一一 1 He looks _ because his son is looking _ at the bird.A happy,happily B happily,happilyC happily,happy D happily,happy_,he can stay in Hongkong for two days.However,after he heard good news,he stayed very _.A Luckily;calm B Lucky;c

11、almC Lucky;calmly D Luckily;calmlyA1 三类专门词，而表达特殊的含义才是系动词。三类专门词，而表达特殊的含义才是系动词。有的词具备多种含义所以具备多种词性有的词具备多种含义所以具备多种词性A现在学习的是第16页，共64页易考的混淆点易考的混淆点 二二1 The food tastes _A good B well 2 We should stay _ during the earthquake.A calm B calmly 3 The young boy becomes _A more and more surprised adjB more and mor

12、e surprisedly advC more and more surprise ngoodcalmA2 只有形容词名词介词短语才能去做系动词后面的表只有形容词名词介词短语才能去做系动词后面的表语，要根据含义上确定动词是不是系动词。语，要根据含义上确定动词是不是系动词。现在学习的是第17页，共64页1.She often laughs.2.2.She is laughing now.3.She will laugh soon.4.She is singing happily.5.She is singing a song.6.She is a singer.She is happy.(S+V

13、+O)(S+V)(S+V)(S+V)(S+V)区分进行时态和区分进行时态和SVP中中lv是是Be动词的情况动词的情况注意注意:1 现在进行时现在进行时的谓语与主的谓语与主系表结构系表结构有区别有区别:关键要看关键要看be动词后接的是动词后接的是实义动词实义动词ing形式形式还是还是表语表语(形名介形名介).(S+V+P)Happily adv修饰动词修饰动词sing viA song 是名词做宾语是名词做宾语 sing vta singer 名词表语名词表语 happy 形容词表语形容词表语一般现在时一般现在时现在进行时现在进行时一般将来时一般将来时谓语谓语(V)具有各种不同时态具有各种不同时

14、态现在学习的是第18页，共64页竞赛加分开始竞赛加分开始现在学习的是第19页，共64页Judge the following sentences(T or F):1.Millie is sleeping.S V 2.Ann is kind.S V 3.The idea sounds great.S V P4.Amy is reading English.S V DOTFT Ann is kind.S V PT现在学习的是第20页，共64页Zhalong looks beautiful.We can see many birds.Some people are watching birds.Th

15、ey are birdwatchers.Birdwatching is interesting.SVSDOPSVVP1.2.3.4.5.DOSVSVP分析句型结构分析句型结构现在学习的是第21页，共64页1.Birds fly.2.He looks young.3.He saw a bird in the tree.4.It tastes nice.VPDOPeg:A swan is swimming.判断划线部分属于什么成分判断划线部分属于什么成分V现在学习的是第22页，共64页OIODOOCObject 宾语宾语Indirect object 间接宾语间接宾语Direct object 直

16、接宾语直接宾语Object complement 宾语补足语宾语补足语S+V+DO+OC 主谓宾补结构和 S+V+IO+DO 主谓双宾结构现在学习的是第23页，共64页We call the man David.a zookeeperSVDOOC(宾补宾补)Object ComplementSVDOOCSVDOOCI make him angry.He tells us to protect the birdsDavid S+V+DO+OC 主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补句型宾补句型 简称简称 主谓宾补主谓宾补现在学习的是第24页，共64页We callthe manDavidDOOC1 仅仅使用主谓

17、宾无法说明完整句意仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在判断标准是在DO和和OC中间可否加中间可否加be动词动词 S+V+DO+OC 主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补句型宾补句型 简称简称 主谓宾补主谓宾补the manis就是是否存在就是是否存在逻辑上的主系表关系逻辑上的主系表关系David此处为此处为 名名词宾补词宾补可接可接 名词宾补的动词有名词宾补的动词有call/make/name/find现在学习的是第25页，共64页I makehimangryDOOC1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足

18、语补充说明宾语情况必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在判断标准是在DO和和OC中间可否加中间可否加be动词动词 主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补句型宾补句型 简称简称 主谓宾补主谓宾补Heis就是是否存在就是是否存在逻辑上的主系表关系逻辑上的主系表关系此处为此处为 形容词宾补形容词宾补可接可接 形容词宾补的动词有形容词宾补的动词有keep/make/find现在学习的是第26页，共64页We ofen findhimin the zooDOOC1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在判断标准是在DO和和

19、OC中间可否加中间可否加be动词动词 主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补句型宾补句型 简称简称 主谓宾补主谓宾补Heis就是是否存在就是是否存在逻辑上的主系表关系逻辑上的主系表关系此处为此处为 介短宾补介短宾补可接可接 介短宾补的动词有介短宾补的动词有keep/leave/find现在学习的是第27页，共64页He tellsusto protect the birdsDOOC1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况就是我们常见的就是我们常见的 动词动词+sb+to do 词组词组 主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补句型宾补句型 简称

20、简称 主谓宾补主谓宾补此处为此处为 动词不定式做宾补动词不定式做宾补现在学习的是第28页，共64页He tells us to protect the birds.常见的可接不定式宾补的动词有：常见的可接不定式宾补的动词有：tell,ask,want,would like,wish,teach,invite V+O +OC(V sb to do sth)My deskmate often makes me laugh.常见的可接动词原形宾补的动词有：常见的可接动词原形宾补的动词有：have,let,make,使让词使让词 see,hear,find,feel,watch 感觉类动词感觉类动词V

21、+O +OC(V sb do sth)He keeps me worrying.常见的可接常见的可接doing宾补的动词有：宾补的动词有：Keep 和和 see,hear,feel,watch,find感觉类动词感觉类动词V+O +OC(V sb doing sth)现在学习的是第29页，共64页 I often hear David _ when I stay at home,but yesterday I was very angry because I heard him _ in his room at midnight.A sing;sang B singing;singing C

22、sing;singing D sing;sing2 You can keep _ every day to keep _.A exercise healthy B exercising healthyC exercising healthily D exercise healthyC感官类动词用动词原形和动词感官类动词用动词原形和动词ing形式做宾补形式做宾补 含义不同含义不同B现在学习的是第30页，共64页S+V+O+OC （如果是形名介做宾补）（如果是形名介做宾补）判断标准是判断标准是 能否在能否在O 和和 OC 之间加之间加 Be 动词动词构成主系表结构构成主系表结构 宾补和表语一样都是

23、宾补和表语一样都是 形名介形名介 S+V+O+OC （如果是动词结构做宾补）（如果是动词结构做宾补）判断标准是能否找出判断标准是能否找出 动词动词(V)+sb(O)+to do sth 结构结构动词动词(V)+sb(O)+do sth 结构结构动词动词(V)+sb(O)+doing sth 结构结构现在学习的是第31页，共64页1 I find you clever.2 We will make our country stronger and stronger.3 They can keep the zoo clean.4 Parents wish their children to stu

24、dy hard.5 We often make the teachers help us.DODODODODOOC(adj)OC 形容词形容词 比较级比较级OC adjOC to do 不定式不定式OC 动词原形动词原形常考的主谓宾补句型：常考的主谓宾补句型：现在学习的是第32页，共64页it was interesing to learn English.一个非常特殊的句型一个非常特殊的句型I found it interesing to learn English.SVDOOCDO形式宾语形式宾语简称形宾简称形宾真正宾语真正宾语简称真宾简称真宾这个句子在含义上等于这个句子在含义上等于:I

25、found it was interesing to learn English.SVDO(用句子做宾语简称宾语从句用句子做宾语简称宾语从句)SV(lv)SP(形表形表)形式主语形式主语 简简称形主称形主真正主语真正主语 简简称真主称真主考点一：时态一致性考点一：时态一致性现在学习的是第33页，共64页I found _ important to get ready for the coming examination.A its B its C it was D that CI found that it was important to get=I found(that)it was im

26、portant to get以上两句是以上两句是 主谓宾从主谓宾从 SVO中中 O宾语从句宾语从句=I found it important to get上句是上句是 主谓宾补主谓宾补 答案可以是答案可以是 it it was its=it is 不对不对 考点一：时态一致性考点一：时态一致性现在学习的是第34页，共64页He was very interesting.We found him very interesting.SVDO宾语宾格宾语宾格OC这个句子在含义上等于这个句子在含义上等于:We found he was very interesting.SVDO(用句子做宾语简称宾语从

27、句用句子做宾语简称宾语从句)S 主语主格主语主格V(lv)P(形表形表)考点二：主格宾格考点二：主格宾格现在学习的是第35页，共64页We thought _ clever.A she B she is C her D her wasCWe thought(that)she was clever.上句是上句是 主谓宾从主谓宾从 she 用主格用主格We thought her clever.上句是上句是 主谓宾补主谓宾补 her 用宾格用宾格答案可以是答案可以是 she was 而非而非 her was 也可是也可是 her 而非而非 she 考点一：时态一致性考点一：时态一致性现在学习的是第

28、36页，共64页 we shouldnt give any food.the birdsSVDO（直接宾语（直接宾语)Direct objectIO(间接宾语间接宾语)Indirect ObjectHe tells me some rules.IOVSDOsb.Sth.S+V+IO+DO 主主+谓谓+间宾间宾+直宾句型直宾句型 简称简称 主谓双宾结构主谓双宾结构现在学习的是第37页，共64页Zhalong givesI passHe boughtbirdsan ideal homehima bookhis sona present.IODOIODOIODOtotoforIO?有生命有生命的名词

29、的名词(人或动物）人或动物）sbDO?没有生命没有生命的名词（事物）的名词（事物）sth双宾语结构中有两个宾语，判断标准是双宾语结构中有两个宾语，判断标准是可否将两个宾语顺序替换并加介词可否将两个宾语顺序替换并加介词to/for S+V+IO+DO 主语主语+谓语谓语+双宾（直接宾语双宾（直接宾语+间接宾语）间接宾语）现在学习的是第38页，共64页1 give me money2 pass me a ball 3 show me your watch4 sell me the book5 send him a letter6 teach her English7 tell me a story

30、8 lend me your eraser1 buy me a present2 make me damplings3 cook her meals1 give money to me2 pass a ball to me3 show your watch to me4 sell the book to me5 send a letter to him6 teach English to her7 tell a story to me8 lend your eraser to meto 型双宾语结构型双宾语结构for 型双宾语结构型双宾语结构1 buy a present for me2 ma

31、ke damplings for me3 cook meals for her现在学习的是第39页，共64页几个特殊句型几个特殊句型Read a book for me 为我读一本书为我读一本书Read a book to me 读一本书给我听读一本书给我听Bring a map for me 为我去带一幅地图为我去带一幅地图Bring a map to me 带来一幅地图给我带来一幅地图给我现在学习的是第40页，共64页S+V+IO+DO or S+V+DO+OC?They passed us some apples.The shopkeeper sold me a ruler.We nam

32、e the panda Xiwang.The teacher often makes us laugh.S+V+IO+DOS+V+IO+DOS+V+DO+OCS+V+DO+OCpassedsoldnamemakes主谓双宾语结构判断标准是主谓双宾语结构判断标准是可否将两个宾语顺序替换并加介词可否将两个宾语顺序替换并加介词to/for主谓宾补结构判断标准是能否在主谓宾补结构判断标准是能否在O和和OC 之间加之间加 Be 动词构成动词构成主系表结构主系表结构或则找出或则找出Verb+sb to do 等动词宾补结构等动词宾补结构现在学习的是第41页，共64页SV+1.VS+P3.VSDO+2.VS

33、DO+IO+4.VSDOOC+5.Linking verbsbsth逻辑上的主系表关系逻辑上的主系表关系forto现在学习的是第42页，共64页1.S +V.2.S +V +P.3.S +V +O.4.S +V +IO +DO.5.S +V +O+OC.主主+谓谓主主+谓谓+宾宾主主+系系+表表主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补主主+谓谓+双宾双宾特别注意的要点：特别注意的要点：1谓语动词谓语动词V成分，是包含时态和情态动词的成分，是包含时态和情态动词的2 及物动词和不及物动词的标志是后面可否接宾语及物动词和不及物动词的标志是后面可否接宾语3 S+V+P结构中的结构中的V是是l-v 系动词有保持型，变

34、化型和感觉型三系动词有保持型，变化型和感觉型三种种4 S+V+P结构中的表语有名词，形容词，介词短语结构中的表语有名词，形容词，介词短语5 双宾语结构中有两个宾语，标准是可否转换为双宾语结构中有两个宾语，标准是可否转换为to型和型和for型句型句型结构型结构6 主谓宾补结构判断标准是在主谓宾补结构判断标准是在O和和OC中间可否加中间可否加be动词动词转换为主系表结构转换为主系表结构 OC 和和 P相似相似 有形名介三种有形名介三种现在学习的是第43页，共64页1 People call Zhalong Birds Home.2 The government built the nature r

35、eserve.3 The sparrow is flying.4 The reserve gives wildlife an ideal home.5 The crane looks beautiful.6 The students are counting the birds.7 Sandy thought herself a good birdwatcher.8 I found the article on wildlife interesting.S+V+DO+OC S+V+DOS+V S+V+IO+DO S+V+P S+V+DO S+V+DO+OC S+V+DO+OC P81 A现在学

36、习的是第44页，共64页竞赛加分开始竞赛加分开始现在学习的是第45页，共64页3 Many boys are running.1 I feel excited.4 He gave Tom a present.5 I find it interesting.6 Music sounds beautiful.7 I am a student.8 She bought a pen for me.9 I saw her dance.2 They are watching TV.11S S+V V+P P22S S+V V+DODO33S S+V V44S S+V+V+IO+DOIO+DO55S S+V

37、 V+P P66S S+V V+P P77S S+V V+P P88S S+V+V+IO+DOIO+DO99S S+V+V+DO+DO+OCOC10.I call him LiMing.1010S S+V+V+DO+DO+OCOC现在学习的是第46页，共64页He gave me a book.He calls me Tom.DOOC+IODO+5.We call the panda XiWang.3.I found it important.1.Lily brings me a present.2.People call Zhalong Birds Home.4.Zhalong brings

38、 the wildlife an ideal home.6.She thought the swan beautiful.IODO+DOOC+IODO+DOOC+DO OC+Play a gameeg:DOOC+现在学习的是第47页，共64页5.Mary gave Sandy a book.S V P6.They call me Tom.S V IO DO FF Mary gave Sandy a book.S V IO DO They call me Tom.S V DO oc现在学习的是第48页，共64页 It was a fine day.Our class went to Zhalon

39、gtogether.Zhalong was a nature reserve.We saw many birds fly in the sky.They looked beautiful.But the keeper told us some rules.He asked us to protect the wildlife and weshouldnt give any food to birds.I found the trip interesting.After birdwatchingA diary现在学习的是第49页，共64页A diary It was a fine day.Our

40、 class went to Zhalongtogether.Zhalong was a nature reserve.We saw many birds fly in the sky.They looked beautiful.But the keeper told us some rules.He asked us to protect the wildlife and weshouldnt give any food to birds.I found the trip interesting.SVPAfter birdwatchingSVDOSVPSVDOOCSPVSVIODOSVDOO

41、CSVDOIOSVDOOC现在学习的是第50页，共64页现在学习的是第51页，共64页现在学习的是第52页，共64页1 Tom的父亲正在愤怒地朝他喊叫。的父亲正在愤怒地朝他喊叫。是什么使得他如此生气呢？是什么使得他如此生气呢？2 Tom 过去认为我当时不高兴。过去认为我当时不高兴。3 我发现他们是真正的爱鸟者。我发现他们是真正的爱鸟者。我经常看见他们喂他们的鸟。我经常看见他们喂他们的鸟。4 他是一个歌手而且他正在唱一首歌。他是一个歌手而且他正在唱一首歌。5 我经常听见我经常听见David在家里唱歌，但是昨天我听见他在半夜唱歌。在家里唱歌，但是昨天我听见他在半夜唱歌。6 你可以持续锻炼来保持健康

42、。你可以持续锻炼来保持健康。1 Toms father is shouting at him angrily.What makes him so angry？3 I find them real bird lovers.I find(that)they are real We often see them feed their pet birds.2 Tom thought(that)I was unhappy then.Tom thought me unhappy then.4 He is a singer and he is singing a song now.5 I often hea

43、r David sing at home,but yesterday I heard him singing midnight.6 You can keep exercising to keep healthy现在学习的是第53页，共64页现在学习的是第54页，共64页The birdwatcher thought himself very lucky.The nature reserve gives the birds a perfect place to live.The people were hapy.Birds fly.The boy saved a rare bird.S+V+DO

44、+OCS+V+IO+DOS+V+PS+VS+V+DO 课本课本P81现在学习的是第55页，共64页6.She spoke very softly.7.He bought a T-shirt.8.Jay named his dog Bobby.9.She looks lovely.10.He gave Mary a present.(S+V+IO+DO.)(S+V.)(S+V+DO.)(S+V+DO+OC.)(S+V+P.)I.Give the right sentence structures.II.Finish the exercise of Part A on Page81.现在学习的是第

45、56页，共64页1.She laughed.2.2.He bought a T-shirt.3.We must keep the classroom lean.4.She looks lovely.5.He gave Mary a present.(S+V.)(S+V+DO.)(S+V+DO+OC.)(S+V+P.)(S+V+IO+DO.)IV.Give the right sentence structures.现在学习的是第57页，共64页6.The teacher is marking the tests.7.They thought John the best actor.8.I fi

46、nd the article interesting.(S+V+DO.)(S+V+DO+OC.)(S+V+DO+OC.)现在学习的是第58页，共64页 (S+V+DO.)(S+V+DO+OC.)(S+V+P.)(S+V+DO+OC.)9.Many teenagers have an unhealthy diet.10.An unhealthy diet makes your body weak.11.They are unhappy.12.They find their homework difficult.现在学习的是第59页，共64页13.They are tired.14.Some of

47、 them cry.15.Teenagers have many hobbies.16.Many teenagers write me letters.(S+V+P.)(S+V.)(S+V+DO.)(S+V+IO+DO.)现在学习的是第60页，共64页常考的主谓宾补句型：请找出宾补常考的主谓宾补句型：请找出宾补1 We name our city Yangzhou.2 The students make Daniel monitor.3 Everyone should make the classroom clean.4 Millie found the movie very interest

48、ing.5 I left the book at home.6 They finally found the pen under the book.现在学习的是第61页，共64页常考的主谓宾补句型：请找出宾补常考的主谓宾补句型：请找出宾补1 My teacher let the boy stand an hour.2 I heard him sing a song last night.3 Who will you have go with us?4 I watch our team playing football.5 I heard him singing at 12 last night.6 My mother keeps me waiting an hour.7 We saw Kitty dancing at that moment.8 I would like/want you to do a bird count.9 Mr.Tang teaches me how to read a book.现在学习的是第62页，共64页现在学习的是第63页，共64页感感谢谢大大家家观观看看现在学习的是第64页，共64页