全日制人教版高一英语同步必备一(unit7---unit8)477.pdf

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1、Unit 7 Culture relics 一、语法 The Passive Voice(1)现在完成时被动语态 现在完成时的被动语态结构是“have/has been+过去分词”。如：Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.How many new shopping malls have been set up here?二、聚焦高频考点 1.include 包括；包含。如：Price$14.90,postage included.价格 14.90 美元，邮资包括在内。He had included a large number

2、of funny stories in the speech.他在讲话中加进了许多引人发笑的故事。比较以下两个句子：Eight people hurt in the accident,including three children.Eight people hurt in the accident,three children included.2.give in“屈服”“投降”。如：They prefer to die than give in.give in“(植物等)枯死，成批死去”The plants gave in to the cold weather.with the help

3、 of.“在的帮助下”如：With the help of the teacher,the students made great progress last term.bring back“归还”；“使恢复”如：Remember to bring back the book tomorrow.The letter brought back many memories.3.begin=start,其后都可以跟不定式或动名词做宾语。一般情况下，不定式或动名词可以互换。但以下三种情况只能用不定式：1)主语是物时 I started/began to cry/crying.The flower be

4、gan/start to come out.2)当 begin，start 本身是进行时态时 The teacher was beginning to get angry.3)当非谓语动词是表示心理状态的动词时，如 realize,understand,know 等。Finally,she began to realize the importance of English.We should choose someone to represent us.5.“及物动词名词介词”这种短语动词转换为被动语态时有两种形式。一种是短语动词当作一个及物动词。eg:They didnt pay any

5、attention to his words.=His words were not paid any attention to.另一种方式是把短语动词看成“动词宾语介词”结构。上句可等于:No attention was paid to his words.6.It+be+adj.+that-clause 这是主语从句句型。主语从句在句中作主语，可置于主句谓语动词之前，但常用 it 作形式主语，而把它移到主句之后。如：It is very important that we study English well.三、常用词语和句型 1.lie(lay,lain,lying)躺 eg:Jack

6、 was still lying in bed.Lie 还表示保持在某种状态或位置 eg:Those towns lay in ruins.keep the door open keep the fire burning keep the child happy keep on doing 继续作某事(含强调重复性和决心)No matter what happens,just keep on trying.Keep doing 不停地，不断地做某事(表示连续不断的动作或持续的状态)Why did the baby keep crying?You have kept me waiting so

7、long!Keep sb./sth.from doing sth.Sars keeps many people from traveling.3.主语+be+said to be.据说 eg:The man is said to be a professor before.It is said that.据说 eg:It is said that there is going to be a storm.4.happen,take place,break out,belong to 等不及物动词无被动语态 四、日常交际用语 What shall we put in?Lets put in.Wh

8、at/How about.?Cant we put in.?Maybe we could put in.Why not.?Should we put in.?Id like to choose.Why dont you.?Id like to.Why not.?Unit 8 Sports 一、语法 The Passive Voice(2)一般将来时被动语态 被动语态由助动词“be+过去分词”构成，其时态则通过 be 的不同形式体现出来。将来时态的被动语态由 will/shall+be+过去分词构成，表示某事将要被干。一般将来时被动语态的各种句式：主语+will/shall+be+过去分词+其它

9、成分 The flower will be watered tomorrow.主语+will/shall not+be+过去分词+其它成分 The flower will not be watered tomorrow.Will/Shall+主语+be+过去分词+其它成分 Will the flower be watered tomorrow?When will the flower be watered?二、聚焦高频考点 1.would rather 和动词原形连用。否定形式为 would rather not do sth.如：I would rather leave now.would

10、rather do.than do.表示宁愿做什么而不愿做什么 如：They would rather die than surrender.would rather和句子连用。通常动词用过去时，是虚拟语气。在表示以前的动作时，用had done。如：Id rather you went home now.Id rather he hadnt done that.2.join in 多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛，游戏”等。如：Come on,join in the ball game.Hes going to join in the talk tonight.take part in 指参加会

11、议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。如：Well take part in social practice during the summer vacation.They often take part in outdoor activities.Part 前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。如：Lincoln took an active part in politics.3.stand for 代表，特征。如：What do GRE stand for?The dove stands for peace.stand for 赞同，支持，拥护。如：Almost ev

12、eryone in the world stand for peace.stand for 容忍。如：She cant stand for his rudeness.4.the same as 意为“同一样”。如：Many of the sports were the same as they are now.the same.as 意为“与一样”，后跟从句。指的是两样东西。如：The pen is the same as you bought yesterday.the same.that 意为“与一样，后跟从句。指的是同一件东西。如：Thats the same pen I lost.5.

13、prefer.to.喜欢而不喜欢(to 是介词)eg:I prefer swimming to running.=His words were not paid any attention to.prefer 后可直接加名词，代词，动名词等；prefer to 后跟动词原形。如：Which one do you like,tea,milk or coffee?I prefer milk.Do you want to take a taxi?No,I prefer to walk.Do you like swimming?Yes,but I prefer playing running 6.ev

14、ery 可与表示数量的词连用，表示时间或空间的间隔。如：Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games.I usually go to the cinema every three days(every third day).Every后可接few,但不能接a few,因every一词已包含a之意；every后也不能接some,several,many 等词。every 后接序数词时，则修饰单数可数名词。7.from/in/on/at/about/+which 引导定语从句 关系代

15、词 which,whom 在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词一般放在关系代词之前，有时也放在定语从句后面。The train on which I was traveling was late.The house in which the old man lived was on fire last night.The old Olympic Games from which the modern games came began around the year 776 BC in Greece.8.more.than 有两种含义：一是普通的比较级；另一种表示“与 其说是”,“是而不是”，指对同

16、一事物的两种属性进行选择。She is more diligent than wise.与其说她聪明，不如说她勤奋。三、常用词语和句型 1.prefer.to.喜欢而不喜欢,to 是介词 I prefer swimming to running.Prefer 后可跟名词，代词，动名词 Would you like to take a taxi?No,I prefer walking.Prefer to 后跟动词原形 I prefer to swim.Which one do you like,tea,milk or coffee?I prefer milk.As your best frien

17、d,I surely will try my best to help you.As long as you try your best,youll succeed.3.such as 意为“例如，诸如”，与 for example 相似，但 for example 后常接完整的句子,只举一个例子，而 such as 后常接两个或以上的词或词组。eg:He knows several foreign languages,such as French and Japanese.4.mean to do sth.:打算作某事 What do you mean to do with it?mean

18、doing sth.:意味着做某事 That means wasting time.5.win 后接战争，比赛，奖品等名词作宾语，不能接竞争对手作宾语；而 beat 后常接竞争对手，意为“打败,击败”。win a race/a battle/a prize/a medal beat the team/the country 四、日常交际用语 Which do you like,.or.?Whats your favourite sport?Which sports do you like best?Which do you prefer,.or.?What about.?Are you interested in.?Sure.I love sports.Yes,very much./No,not really.Shooting,I think.I like.best.I prefer.to.I like watching it.Id rather watch it than play it.