高考英语二轮复习与策略第部分专题单项填空第8特殊句式463.pdf

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1、第 1 页 第八讲 特殊句式 1(2021江苏高考，34)Not until recently _ the development of touristrelated activities in the rural areas.Athey had encouraged Bhad they encouraged Cdid they encourage Dthey encouraged C 考察倒装语序与时态。句意：直到近来他们才鼓励农村地区旅游相关活动的开展。not until.位于句首时，句子要用局部倒装；encourage 表示的动作已经发生，故用一般过去时。注意不要受到recently 的

2、影响而误选 B 项。2(2021天津高考，13)You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel _ the coach picks up tourists.Awho Bwhich Cwhere Dthat D 考察强调句型的判定。句意：你等错地方了。长途公共汽车是在旅馆接的游客。从理解思路上先看本句是不是强调句型：It is/was被强调局部that/who剩余局部。强调句的判断方法是将 It is/was 及 that/who 去掉后，句子意思依然清楚，构造依然完整。经判断，“The coach picks up tourists at

3、 the hotel.句子成分完整，句意明确，故本句是强调句。因强调的内容是地点，故空格处应填 that。第 2 页 3(2021 天津高考，3)Only when Lily walked into the office _ that she had left the contract at home.Ashe realized Bhas she realized Cshe has realized Ddid she realize D 此题考察局部倒装。句意：直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。“only状语从句位于句首表示强调时，主句用局部倒装语序。由 walked 可知此

4、处用一般过去时。应选did she realize。4(2021 重庆高考，9)Bach died in 1750，but it was not until the early 19th century _his musical gift was fully recognized.Awhile Bthough Cthat Dafter C 此题考察强调句型。巴赫于 1750 年去世，但是直到 19 世纪早期他的音乐天赋才被完全成认。it is/was.that.是强调句型，此题被强调局部是时间状语 not until the early 19th century。5(2021 湖南高考，21)

5、It was when we were returning home _ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.Awhich Bthat Cwhere Dhow B 此题考察强调句型的判定。句意：是我们快要回家的时候，第 3 页 我才意识到了帮助有困难的人感觉多么美妙！强调句型的根本构造为“It is/was被强调局部that/who剩余局部。假设将 It is/was 及 that/who 去掉，句子成分仍然完整，那么该句就是强调句。经判断，When we were returning

6、home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.句子成分完整，由此可以断定本句是强调句，空格处应用 that。【导学号：57732021】6(2021 北京高考，31)If _ for the job,youll be informed soon.Ato accept Baccept Caccepting Daccepted D 此题考察非谓语动词。句意：如果你获得录用做这份工作，你很快就会接到通知。句中 you 及 accept 之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，所以答案为 D。此题中 if

7、 之后省略了主语与 be 动词，补充完整为：If you are accepted for the job,youll be informed soon.7(2021 湖南高考，24)Video games can be a poor influence if _ in the wrong hands.Ato leave Bleaving Cleave Dleft D 此题考察非谓语动词。句意：如果落在不适宜的人的手中，电子游戏就会有一个很坏的影响。leave的逻辑主语是video games，第 4 页 主语 video games 及 leave 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。if lef

8、t.是“连词过去分词构成的状语从句的省略。8(2021 湖南高考，23)Only after talking to two students _ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.AI did discover Bdid I discover CI discovered Ddiscovered I B 此题考察局部倒装。句意：直到跟两个学生谈了话以后我才发现，有强烈的动机是到达目标的最重要的因素之一。only修饰after引导的时间状语，且位于句首，故句子需用局部倒装语序。

9、9(2021 湖南高考，27)It is important to remember that success _ a sum of small efforts made each day and often _ years to achieve.Ais；takes Bare；takes Care；take Dis；take A 此题考察主谓一致。句意：重要的是要记住，成功是每天所做的一些小小的努力的总与，它常常需要很多年的时间才能实现。此处 success 是不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，应选 A 项。10(2021福建高考，28)The climate here is quite

10、pleasant,the temperature rarely，_，reaching 30 in summer.Aif not Bif ever 第 5 页 Cif any Dif so B 此题考察省略句。句意：这里的气候宜人，_，在夏季气温极少到达 30 摄氏度。if not 如果不；if ever 如果曾经有，如果曾经发生；if any 如果有的话；if so 如果是这样的话。根据句中的关键词 quite pleasant(宜人)，rarely(极少)可知，空格处表达的意 思 是“如 果 曾 经 有(if ever)。if ever 相 当 于 if it(the temperature

11、)ever reached 30 in summer。一、强调句 1强调句型 强调句型由“Itis/was被强调局部that/who.构成，可以用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语；被强调局部是指人的名词或代词时用 who 与 that 均可，其他情况一律用 that。(1)强调句的一般疑问句式 Is/Was it被强调局部that/who.Was it yesterday that you met your old friend in the supermarket(2)强调句的特殊疑问句式 特殊疑问词(被强调局部)is/wasitthat/who.Why was it that you didn

12、t attend the meeting What was it that made her so upset(3)对 not.until.进展强调 It is/wasnot until.that.第 6 页 It was not until I failed in the exams that I realized I had not studied hard.2使用助动词 do(does，did)强调 强调句子谓语动词时，将助动词 do(does，did)置于动词原形之前，用来加强语气。Do be careful!He does enjoy drawing.二、倒装句 1局部倒装 局部倒装

13、指的是只将 be 动词、助动词与情态动词提到主语前面。(1)表示否认意义的词或短语置于句首时句子用局部倒装。常见的这类词或短语有 not，never，hardly，seldom，rarely，by no means，in no way，in no case，at no time 等。Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.At no time should you touch it or get it hurt.(2)not only.but(also).连接两个分句，not only 置于句首时，前一个分句用局部倒装。Not o

14、nly do I enjoy less spare time,but I find myself even busier than before.(3)在 no sooner.than.hardly(scarcely).when.构造中，no sooner/hardly(scarcely)置于句首时，主句局部用局部倒装，且用第 7 页 过去完成时，than/when 后的句子用一般过去时。Hardly had he begun to speak when his father stopped him.No sooner had she seen him than she smiled.(4)在

15、 not.until.构造中，当 not until.置于句首时，主句/句子用局部倒装。Not until then did he know he lost his way.Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.(5)only 强调状语置于句首时，主句/句子用局部倒装。Only in this way can we learn English well.Only when he returned did we find out the tr

16、uth.(6)so，neither，nor 置于句首表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物时。We saw the film last week.So did they.I have never been abroad.Neither has he.(7)在 so/such.that.句型中，so/such.置于句首时，主句用局部倒装。So moved was she that she could not say a word.Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.(8)虚拟条件句中如果有 were/

17、had/should，省略连词 if 时，第 8 页 were/had/should 要提到主语之前，构成局部倒装。Were they here now，they could help us.Had you come earlier，you would have met him.(9)neither.nor.连接并列的句子，前后两个分句都要倒装。Neither do I know what has happened，nor do I care about it.2完全倒装 完全倒装指的是将谓语局部全部放在主语前面。(1)表示地点、方位的词(短语)，或 there，here，now，then等置

18、于句首，且主语是名词时用完全倒装构造。Down came the rain.Here comes the train to Beijing.In the deep forest lies a lake，with a variety of fishes in it.On top of the mountain stands an ancient temple.(2)主系表构造中的表语置于句首时。Present at the meeting were Professor Zhang and many other guests.(3)直接引语的一局部位于句首时。“Exactly，said my fa

19、ther，shaking the old mans hand.三、主谓一致 1 “主 语 with/along with/together with/as well as/rather than/but/except名词，谓语动词的形式及主语一第 9 页 致。A gift together with many flowers was sent to me on Teachers Day by my students.The father as well as his children goes skating on the frozen river every Sunday morning i

20、n winter.2 由 either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but(also).，or，nor 连接的并列成分作主语，以及 there be 句式中，谓语动词的形式及最靠近的主语一致。Either you or I was wrong in this matter.Not only the teacher but also his students have been invited to the meeting.3被 every，each，many a，more than one 等修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Every boy and(every)g

21、irl has adapted to the new teacher.Many a student in this school is from the country.4 class，family，crew，team，group，crowd，government等集体名词作主语时，假设侧重整体，谓语动词常用单数；假设侧重成员，谓语动词用复数。The football team is made up of 22 members.The football team are taking their training course on the playground.5从句、不定式或动名词作主语时

22、，谓语动词通常用单数。第 10 页 When the meeting will be held has not been decided yet.Reading in the sun does harm to our eyes.注意：主语是 what 引导的从句，谓语动词的形式根据主语从句表示的意义而定。例如：What we want is money./What we want are skilled workers.6定语从句中，关系代词作主语时，谓语动词的形式及先行词保持一致。Mr.Smith，who is now downstairs，is asking to see you.The

23、Smiths，who are now downstairs，are asking to see you.四、省略 1状语从句中的省略 由 when，while,if，as if，although/though，as，until，once，whether，unless，where 等引导的状语从句中，如果其动词为 be，而主语及主句的主语一样或为 it 时，那么从句的主语与 be可省略。When(I am)in trouble，I always turn to my classmates for help.If(it is)possible，this machine can be fixed a

24、t once.2不定式的省略 单独使用不定式符号 to 代替不定式后被省略的动词，常用在 be afraid，expect，forget，hope，intend，like,love，mean，prefer，第 11 页 refuse，try，want，wish 等词后；或放在表情绪的词后，代替被省略的动词，常见词有：glad,happy，pleased 等；但是，如果不定式中含有 be，have,have been，那么要保存 be，have，have been。I asked him to see the film,but he didnt want to.Are you a sailor

25、No.But I used to be.3常考的几个省略形式 if ever，if any，if not better/worse/taller.than 等。4并列句中的省略 并列句中的两个对等句里的动词一样时，后者的动词可以省略。He is going to Hong Kong，but his brother(is going)to America.My room is on the third floor and his(is)on the fifth.1(2021南京、盐城二模)My voice was so little that the shop owner had to bend

26、 down to hear_I wanted to buy.Awhat it was Bit was that Cwhat it was that Dwhat was that C 结合宾语从句考察强调句。句意：我的声音如此小，以至于店主只得弯下腰来听我到底想买什么。hear 后是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除 D 项；buy 后缺少宾语，应用 what 来引导宾语从句，第 12 页 并作 buy 的宾语；此处强调句强调了宾语从句的宾语 what。应选 C项。2(2021南通、连云港二模)Dogs barked madly while fish jumped out of water.In no

27、time_as a prediction of a coming earthquake.Athe phenomena were noticed Bthe phenomena was noticed Cwere the phenomena noticed Dwas the phenomena noticed A 考察倒装构造及主谓一致。句意：当鱼儿跳出水面时狗疯狂地叫。这些预示地震即将到来的现象立刻引起了注意。in no time“立刻，马上，不含否认含义，因此置于句首时句子不需要倒装。另外 phenomena 为 phenomenon 的复数形式。应选 A 项。【导学号：57732021】3(

28、2021苏锡常镇一模)To recognize and respect a countrys own culture does not mean to close the door to others；_ to stand upon principles of being superior.Aand it means Bbut it means Cso does it mean Dneither does it mean D 考察倒装句。句意：认识与尊重一个国家自己的文化并不意第 13 页 味着把其他国家的文化拒之门外，也不意味着主张高高在上的原那么。neither does it mean

29、也不意味着，及前文的 does not mean一致。应选 D 项。4(2021无锡一模)Was it_Stanley failed the driving test again_made him depressed this morning Yes.I cant agree more with you.Athat;which Bwhich;that Cwhich;which Dthat;that D 结合名词性从句考察强调句。句意：是驾驶执照考试又一次失败让 Stanley 今天上午非常沮丧的吗？是的，我非常同意你的说法。Stanley failed the driving test aga

30、in 为主语从句，由于句子意义与构造完整，故用 that 引导从句；同时主语从句为强调句中的被强调局部，即强调了句子的主语。应选 D 项。5(2021常州二模)To our astonishment,nowhere else along the coast_such shallow water so far from the mainland.Ais it Bthere is Cit is Dis there D 考察倒装句。句意：让我们惊讶的是，沿着海岸没有另外一个地方离大陆如此远，水却如此浅。“有如此浅的水用 there be构造表示，另外否认词 nowhere 置于句首，引起局部倒装。应

31、选 D项。第 14 页 6(2021苏北四市一模)“Not until I knew much about Nanking Massacre，the foreigner says，“_the significance of setting the National Memorial Day.Ahad I understood Bdid I understand CI have understood DI understood B 考察倒装句。句意：这个外国人说：“直到我了解了很多关于南京大屠杀的事，我才意识到设立国家公祭日的重要性。“not until从句放在了句首，引起主句局部倒装；另外 u

32、nderstand这一动作发生在 know 之后，不需要用过去完成时，应选 B 项。7(2021徐州三模)Is it true that all the citizens enjoy free medical care in your country Not exactly._only old people aged 60 or over.AIt is BThey are CThere is DThere are A 考察强调句式。句意：你们国家所有居民都享受免费医疗吗？不全是。只有 60 岁或以上的老人享受免费医疗。答语第二句是一个省略形式，其完整形式为 It is only old peo

33、ple aged 60 or over that.，强调了句子的主语。应选 A 项。8 (2021 苏 锡 常 镇 二 模)Look，_beautiful flowers_the girl carrying that she becomes the focus in the room.Asuch；is Bso;are 第 15 页 Chow;is Dwhat;are A 句意：看，那女孩拿着如此漂亮的花，以至于她成为这个房间的焦点。此题是一个 such.that.句型，“such名词被提前到句首，谓语局部要倒装，正常语序为：Look，the girl is carrying such beau

34、tiful flowers that she.。句子的主语是 the girl，谓语动词用单数。应选 A 项。9(2021徐州三模)They should have informed you of the result of the competition by the time it was eventually given out，_？Ahavent they Bdidnt they Cshouldnt they Dhadnt they D 考察反意疑问句。句意：他们本应该在最终公布之前把比赛结果通知你的，是吗？should have done 表示“过去本应该做而没做。另外根据 by t

35、he time it was eventually given out 可知主句表示的是过去的过去，故反意疑问局部用过去完成时。故此题选择D 项。10(2021常州二模)When shall we set out to handle the problem we came across last week Not until_a chance to discuss it thoroughly.Awe have had Bwill we have had Chave we had Dwe will have had A 考察倒装句。句意：我们什么时候将要开场处理我们上第 16 页 周遇到的问题啊

36、？直到我们有时机彻底讨论之后。not until 后接时间状语从句，放在句首时引起主句倒装，而此题主句被省略，not until 后是从句，无需倒装，排除 B、C 两项。另外 until 引导的是时间状语从句，要用现在时态表示将来，排除 D 项，应选 A 项。11 (2021 南 京、盐 城 二 模)With this New Year_new challenges.Sure.Global economy remains uncertain,and many countries continue to struggle.Acomes Bwill come Cis coming Dcome D

37、考察倒装句。句意：伴随着这个新年而来的是新的挑战。确实是，全球经济不明朗，很多国家还在继续苦苦挣扎。with短语被提前到句首，表示伴随，谓语局部又是 come，需用全部倒装；另外，句子主语是 new challenges，谓语动词用复数形式。本句正常语序是：New challenges come with this New Year.。应选 D项。12(2021南京、盐城一模)On two occasions he was accused of stealing money from the company，but in neither case_any evidence to support

38、 the claims.Awas there Bthere was Chad there been Dthere had been A 考察倒装句。句意：他在两个场合下被起诉偷了这家公司的第 17 页 钱，但是都没有证据支持这些说法。but 后的句子中 in neither case是一个含有否认意义的短语，置于句首时句子要局部倒装；由 was accused 可知，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。应选 A 项。13(2021苏锡常镇二模)_you believe him when he said he had made it to Easons concert!He doesnt like p

39、op music at all.ADo BDid CDont DDidnt C 句意：当他说他去了陈奕迅的音乐会时，你别相信他！他根本不喜欢流行音乐。根据后一句可知，此处表示否认，祈使句的否认形式是在其前加 dont，应选 C 项。14(2021宿迁质检)Was _Bill，_played basketball very well，_helped the blind man cross the road Yes，of course.He is always ready to help others.Ait;who;that Bthis;who;that Cwhich;that;that Dit

40、;that;who A 结合定语从句考察强调句。句意：是比尔帮助那位盲人过马路的吗？他篮球打得非常好。当然是的。他总是乐于助人。本句是强调句的一般疑问形式，被强调局部是主语比尔，另外 Bill被 who 引导的非限制性定语从句修饰，变为普通句型为：Bill，who played basketball very well，helped.。应选 A 项。第 18 页 15(2021苏锡常镇二模)Never before_the famous ancient garden was just a stones throw away from the hotel,so out_ Ahad they known;went all they Bthey had known;went all they Chad they known;they all went Dthey had known;they all went C 考察倒装句。句意：他们以前从不知道这个著名的古代花园离他们的宾馆只有几步远，因此(知道后)他们都去了(那儿)。第一空由于否认词 never 在句首，用局部倒装，排除 B、D 两项；第二空尽管副词 out 提到了分句句首，但由于分句主语 they 是代词，不需要倒装，应选 C 项。【导学号：57732021】