初中英语总复习主谓一致.pdf

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1、 专题复习主谓一致 【基础知识梳理】一、主谓一致的原则 1、语法一致原则 主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式：主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。2、意义一致原则 (1)主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。单数形式表示复数意义的词有 people,police,audience 等。(2)主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数或不可数，谓语动词用单数。形复意单(不 可数)的词有：news,maths,physics等。3、就近原则 谓语动词的单、复数取决于最靠近它的主语，如 there be 句型或用连词 either.or.，neither.nor.,not only.but also等

2、。二、要注意的一些问题 1、如果主语是不可数名词,动名词,不定式或从句的时候 ,谓语动词用单数.Smoking is not a good habit.To live happily needs a lot of things.What I said is true.2、如果由 and 连接的两个单数名词做主语，指的是同一个人或物的时候,用单数 动词.The singer and songwriter is dead.The science and technology plays an important part in China.Bread and butter(=buttered br

3、ead)is a good food for patients.“War and Peace”is the best book I haver eread.如果由 and 连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each,every,many a/an,no 的时候 用单数名词.Every boy and girl in the class works very hard.Each minute and second is valuable to us.3.主语是单数,后面跟有 with,along with,together with,besides,as well as,but,except,no l

4、ess than,rather than,more than,like,including,in addition to的时候,谓语动词用单数.Jack with his family wants to go to China.He,as well as you,is very honest.No one but I is a student.Her brother,together with his wife and children,was killed in the accident.The father,rather than the brothers,is responsible.4

5、.由 some,any,no,every 构成的复合代词(sb,sth-)和 each,either,neither,one,the other,another,little,a little,much,no one,nothing 做主语的时候,谓语动词用单数.Each of you is cleverer than me.Neither student has passed the exam.Is anybody here?5.both,few,a few,several,many 以及 others 做主语的时候,永远用复数动词.Several friends were invited

6、to the party.Both books are sold out.6.all,none,any,some,more和 most 要是修饰单数名词,谓语动词用单数;若是修饰复数名词,就用复数动词.Most of the apple is bad.Most of the apples are bad.None of this money is yours.None of the people here are teachers.7.由 or 连接的两个以上主语时,动词和最接近的主语一致.You or he is wrong.Are you or he wrong?由 either or,n

7、either nor,not only butalso 连接的两个以上主语时,动词和最近的主语一致.Either he or you have to tell the truth.Neither my brother nor his friends are over 18 years old.Not only the basketball players but also the coach was very nervous.8.若主语的复数名词表示的是”一段时间”,“一笔钱”,“一段距离”,“一个数量”,“一个面积”的时候用单数谓语动词 .Two weeks is to enough for

8、 me to finish it.Five thousand dollars is too much.Ten kilometers is too long for me to run.9.people(人民),police,cattle(牛群)等常用复数动词 .有一些集体名词 ,如果表示的是整体就用单数动词,如果表示的是其中的个体就用复数谓语动词.这样的词常见的有 family,class,audience,public,team等等.His family are all singers.His family is very large.10.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词与先行词一致

9、。Those who want to go please sign their names here.11.一些名词只有复数形式，如 clothes,scissors,trousers,shorts,scales等，作主 语时谓语用复数形式 The scales（天平）are mine.但是成双的东西前面有a pair of 要用单数。This pair of scissors belongs to the tailor.12.如果主语是由“a series of,a kind of,one of+等+名词”构成时，动词一般用单数 形式。A series of pre-recorded tap

10、s has been prepared for language laboratory use.但 a number of+名词复数，动词要用复数形式;.而 the number of+复数名词作主 语,谓语动词用单数。The number of the students in our class is 50.A number of students are learning Japanese now.The number of the students is over 800.13.算术式通常用单数。Two times two is four.14.ics 结尾的学科用单数谓语动词。15.书

11、名，剧名，报纸名，国名的复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。The united states is a capitalist country.“The Arabian Nights ”is a very interesting-bookstory.16.“the+形容词（分词）“指人谓语动词用复数形式。The English speak English.The old are going to be looked after well.17.one and a half 加复数名词作主语谓语动词用单数。One and a half bananas is left on the table.18.

12、名词性物主代词后的动词单复数，取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。如：ours(=Our Party)is a great party.Your shoes are black,mine(=my shoes)are brown.19.以 here，there 开头的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致 There is a book and three pens on the desk.Here are some books and paper for you.20.在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致 Behind the house are some tre

13、es.21.几分之几/half of/part of/the rest of+n/pron.作主语，谓语动词由后面的n/pron 决 定。而 one of+n/pron 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：Two thirds of the bread was eaten.22.名词所有格之后的名词被省略的情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等，作主语 时，动词一般用单数。如：The doctors is on the other side of the street.23.more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。More than one student has ever been to

14、Beijing.不止一个学生曾经去过。24.主语是 each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。Each boy and each girl has got a seat.每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。Every man and every woman is at work.每个男人和女人都在工作。25.a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。A student or two has failed the exam.一两个学生考试不及格。【巩固练习】一、单项选择 1.The singer and pianist _ asked t

15、o make a speech at the meeting yesterday.A.is B.was C.are D.were 2.A large number of students in our class _ girls.A.are B.was C.is D.be 3.The paper for books and new papers _ made of wood.A.are B.is C.has D.have 4.What we need _ good textbooks.A.is B.are C.have D.has 5.Each of the _ in the ship.A.p

16、assenger has his own room B.passengers have their own room C.passenger have their own room D.passengers has his own room 6.What you said _the matter we are discussing.A.have something to do at B.has something to do with C.had something to do with D.has been something to do with 7.Not only my brother

17、 but also I _ good at painting.Both of us _good painters.A.are.are B.am.are C.is.is D.are.is 8.Three-fourths of the homework _today.A.has finished B.has been finished C.have finished D.have been finished 9.Many people say 10,000 _ a lot of money.A.dollar is B.dollars are C.dollars is D.dollar are 10

18、.Nobody but two students _ left in the classroom.A.is B.are C.has D.have 【中考】【2012 XX 东营】20.There_ more visitors in Dongying this year because 2014 City Landscaping Exposition of Shandong Province山(东省城市园林绿化博览)will be held here on September 1st.A.isB.areC.will beD.is going to have 【2013 XX 东营】8.-Ther

19、e_ so many foreigners in the streets these days.-They might be runners in the Yellow River Estuary(入 XX，河口)International Marathon.A.isB.areC.haveD.will be 【2014 XX 东营】20.There_ more visitors in Dongying this year because A.is 2014 City Landscaping Exposition of Shandong Province山(东省城市园林绿化博览)will be

20、held here on September 1st.B.are C.will be D.is going to have 【2015 XX 东营】26.Police:Whats in your wallet?e-sports competition.A.isB.wasC.are D.were 【2015 XXXX】15 Listen!There _ someone _ at the door.It must be your sister.A.is;knocking B.is;knock C.are;knockingD.are;knock 【2015 XXXX】27.Everybody exc

21、ept Mike and Linda _there when the meeting began.A.isB.areC.wasD.were 【2015 XXXX】33.There _ a basketball game in our school tomorrow.Great A.is going to haveB.will beC.beD.will have 【2015 XXXX】23.We _ some robots at home in the future,and there _some in the office,too.A.will have;will haveB.have;wil

22、l be C.will have;will beD.will have;are 【2015 XX 黔东】23.There _ quite a lot of trees on the hill.A.were used to beingB.had C.used to haveD.used to be 【2015 XX 眉山】29.In our school library there _ a number of books and the number of them_ growing larger and larger.A.is;areB.has;isC.are;isD.have;are 【20

23、15 XXXX】19.The weather forecast says that _ another storm tomorrow.A.there will have C.there has B.there will be D.there has been 【2015 XXXX】8._ the teachers in the school is one hundred,and _ of them arewomen teachers.A.A number of;four fifthB.The number of;four fifth C.A number of;four fifthsD.The number of;four fifths 【2015 XX】33.Wechat(微信)is very popular._ the young _ the old are getting interested in it.A.Neither.norB.Either.or C.Not only.but alsoD.Between.and