高考英语总复习专题攻略之非谓语动词助动词与情态动词非谓语动词之不定式试题.pdf

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1、本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。非谓语动词之不定式 本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。不定式的语法功能：除不能作谓语，其他句子成分都可。1.不定式作主语 To see is to believe.眼见为实。注意 常用 it 作形式主语。Itsfor sb./Itsof sb.1)for sb.前常用表示事物的特征特点或者客观形式的形容词，如 easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible 等。Its very ha

2、rd for him to study two languages.对他来说，学习两种语言是很困难的。2)of sb.的句型一般用于表示人物的性格、品德，表示主观感情或者态度的形容词，如 good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,cruel,right 等。Its very nice of you to help me.你能帮助我真的是太好了。2.不定式作宾语 I want to speak to Tom.我想跟 Tom 谈谈。Please show us how to do that.请给我们演示一下怎么操作。3.不定式作宾补 Father will not allow u

3、s to play on the street.爸爸不允许我们在街上玩耍。4.不定式作表语 不定式可放在 be 动词后面，形成表语。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。My work is to clean the room every day.我的工作是每天清扫房间。5.不定式作定语 不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。I have a lot of work to do.我有很多工作要做。6.不定式作状语 1)目的状语 to,only to(仅仅为了),in order to,so as

4、 to,so(such)as to(如此以便)He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.他跑得如此之快，就是为了赶上首班车。I come here only to say good-bye to you.我来这里只是为了跟你说再见。2)结果状语 He searched the room only to find nothing.他搜索了房间，不过什么也没有找到。3)原因状语 Im glad to see you.见到你我很快乐。用作介词的 to to 有两种用法：“不定式+动词原形，“介词+名词/动名词，下面的用法是“to+名词/动名词：admit to

5、 成认，confess to 成认，be accustomed to 习惯于，be used to 习惯于，stick to 坚持，turn to 开场，着手于，devote oneself to 献身于，be devoted to 致力于，look forward to 盼望，pay attention to 注意 略 to 的动词不定式 1)情态动词(除 ought 外，ought to)；2)使役动词 let,have,make；本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。3)感官动词 see

6、,watch,look at,notice,observe,hear,listen to,smell,feel,find 等后作宾补，略 to。注意：在被动语态中那么 to 不能掉。The boss made them work the whole night.=They were made to work the whole night.老板让他们通宵工作。4)would rather,had better；5)Why/why not；6)help 后既可带 to，也可不带 to，help sb.(to)do sth.；7)but 和 except：but 前是动词 do 时，后面出现的动词

7、用不带 to 的动词不定式。He wants to do nothing but go out.除了外出，他什么也不想做。8)由 and,or 和 than 连接的两个不定式，第二个 to 可以去；He wants to move to France and marry the girl.他想移居到发过，跟那个女孩结婚。9)通常在 discover,imagine,suppose,think,understand 等词后，可以去 to be。He is supposed(to be)nice.他本应该挺不错的。动词不定式的否认式 not 放在不定式符号 to 的前面。Tell him not

8、to shut the window.告诉他不要关窗户。She pretended not to see me when I passed by.当我路过时，她装作没有看到我。不定式特殊句型 tooto 1)tooto 太以致于不能 He is too excited to speak.他兴奋的说不出话来。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。2)如在 too 前有否认词，那么整个句子用否认词表达肯定，too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意为“不太。Its never too late to m

9、end.(谚语)亡羊补牢，为时未晚。3)当 too 前面有 only,all,but 时，意思是：非常，等于 very。Im only too pleased to be able to help you.可以帮到你，我非常快乐。He was but too eager to get home.他非常渴望回家。不定式特殊句型 so as to 1)表示目的；它的否认式是 so as not to do。Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job.对于事故，Tom 表现得很沉默，为的是不丢掉工作。2)so kind as

10、 to：劳驾 Would you be so kind as to tell me the time?劳驾你能告诉我一下时间是吗？不定式的形式和主、被动 一般式 to do/to be done 进展式 to be doing 完成式 to have done/to have been done 完成进展式 to have been doing 1)一般式：有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。He seems to know this.他似乎知道这个。I hope to see you again.=I hope that Ill see you again.期待以

11、后再见到你。2)完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。Im sorry to have given you so much trouble.很抱歉给你带来如此多的费事。3)进展式：表示动作正在进展，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。He seems to be eating something.他好似在吃什么东西。4)完成进展式：表示动作或者状态从谓语动作之前一直持续到谓语动作发生。She is known to have been thinking

12、 over the problem for many days.据知，这个问题她已经考虑了好多天了。动名词与不定式 1)动名词与不定式的区别 动名词 状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的 不定式 目的，结果，原因，详细，一次性，将发生的 2)接不定式或者动名词，意义相近，如：begin/start to do=begin/start doing;continue to do=continue doing。3)动名词与不定式语义不同的有 11 组：stop to do stop doing forget to do forget doing remember to do remember d

13、oing regret to do regret doing cease to do cease doing try to do try doing go on to do go on doing afraid to do afraid doing interested to do interested doing 本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。mean to do mean doing begin/start to do begin/start doing 常见考法 1.不定式作状语

14、；2.it 作形式主语代替后面的不定式；3.不定式的否认形式；4.被动语态中的不定式；5.不定式 to 情况；6.不定式作定语的情况。误区提醒 1.不定式的不同形式误用；2.被动语态中仍然 to；3.否认形式 not 位置弄错；4.主动语态中该 to 不;5.不定式作定语时丢内容 小试牛刀 1.The chair looks rather hard,but in fact it is very comfortable to _.A.sit B.sit on C.be seat D.be sat on 2.I usually go there by train.Why not _ by boat

15、 for a change?A.to try going B.trying to go C.本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。to try and go D.try going 3.Paul doesnt have to be made _.He always works hard.A.learn B.to learn C.learned D.learning 4.She pretended _ me when I passed by.A.not to see B.not seeing C

16、.to not see D.having not seen 5.The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A.to eat no B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating【答案及解析】4.A【解析】pretend 后应接不定式。其否认形式为 pretend not to do sth.。5.C【解析】warn 一词要求后用不定式，否认形式为 be warned not to do。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。