高考英语虚拟语气总结优秀课件.ppt
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1、关于高考英语虚拟语气总结优秀第1页,此课件共93页哦IntroductionIf虚拟条件句虚拟语气特殊句型虚拟语气高考考点及要点归纳Contentswww.ppthi-虚拟语气高考专题专练第2页,此课件共93页哦1.英语动词有三种语气,陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。2.定义:用来表示所说的话不是事实,或者是不可能发生的情况,而是一种愿望,建议,假设的语气叫虚拟语气。3.虚拟语气的特点1.虚拟语气用以表示假定,想象,愿望等非事实的观念。2.虚拟条件从句中的条件是假设的,因此主句的结论也只能是想象的,非事实的。3.这些特点决定了它必须使用不同于真实句的动词形式。SubjunctiveMood虚拟语
2、气第3页,此课件共93页哦一.虚拟语气在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。If there were no subjunctive mood,English would be much easier.The volleyball match will be put off if it rains.真实条件句虚拟条件句第4页,此课件共93页哦动词形式If从句主句should+v.wereto+v.动词的过去式(be用were)would/should/could/might+v.原形过去式(be
3、的过去式用were)would/should/could/might+v.原形had+过去分词would/should/could/might+have+过去分词与将来事实相反与现在事实相反与过去事实相反虚拟条件句分为三类:与现在事实相反的情况;与过去事实相反的情况;与将来事实相反的情况。构成方式如下:第5页,此课件共93页哦Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI_ time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.had【解析】答案为D。考查虚拟语气。句意为:抱歉,我现在太忙了。要是有时间的话我一定会和
4、你一起出去逛逛。本题考查if引导的虚拟条件句对现在事实的虚拟。故if条件句中用一般过去时。D项为一般过去时,符合题意。A项为现在完成时;B项为过去完成时;C项为一般现在时。【2012湖南卷T29】虚拟语气高考真题再现第6页,此课件共93页哦Ifwe_theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.A.takeB.hadtakenC.tookD.havetaken【解析】答案为B。句意:“如果我们走另外一条路,我们就有可能及时赶到这儿参加会议。”由句意可知,实际上我们没有走另外一条路,所以没能及时赶到这儿参加会议。本题是对过去动作的虚
5、拟。对过去动作虚拟时,主句用了might+have+过去分词,从句用过去完成时had+过去分词。【2010陕西卷T15】虚拟语气高考真题再现第7页,此课件共93页哦Ifhe_myadvice,hewouldnthavelosthisjob.A.followed B.shouldfollowC.hadfollowed D.wouldfollow【解析】答案为C。本题考查虚拟语气的用法。句意:如果他当初听了我的建议,他就不会失去工作了。由句意可知从句是对过去动作的虚拟,对过去动作虚拟时,从句应用过去完成时,故选C。【2010湖南卷T29】虚拟语气高考真题再现第8页,此课件共93页哦Thisprin
6、terisofgoodquality.Ifit_breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might【解析】答案为B。考查虚拟语气的用法,表示将来不大可能发生的情况。句意为:这个打印机的质量很好,如果在一年内出现故障,我们将免费维修。2009天津卷虚拟语气高考真题再现第9页,此课件共93页哦GracedoesntwanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe_ there,shewouldntbeabletoseeherparentsveryo
7、ften.A.lives B.wouldliveC.hasliveD.weretolive【解析】答案为D。考查虚拟语气。句意为:格雷丝不想搬到纽约去,因为她认为如果住在那里就不能经常见到父母了。主句说明了客观事实,if从句是对将来事实的假设,故在条件状语从句中用weretolive。【2012安徽卷T31】虚拟语气高考真题再现第10页,此课件共93页哦二.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用1.wish后接的宾语从句表示动作所发生的时间谓语动词的虚拟形式动作发生在主句动作之前had+过去分词动作与主句动作同时发生did(be动词用were)动作发生在主句动作之后would/could/might+动词
8、原形1.I wish every day were my birthday.2.I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.3.He wishes he could become a scientist some day.第11页,此课件共93页哦Wherearethechildren?Thedinnersgoingtobecompletelyruined.Iwishthey_alwayslate.A.werentB.hadntbeenC.wouldntbeD.wouldnthavebeen【解析】答案为A。考查虚拟语气。句意为:孩子们在那里?晚饭都快要糟蹋了。但愿他
9、们别老是迟到。表示与现在试试相反的虚拟语气要用过去时,故选A。【2012北京卷T28】虚拟语气高考真题再现第12页,此课件共93页哦2.wouldratherthata.I would rather you paid me now.b.I would rather you had seen the film yesterday.c.Dont come.I would rather you came tomorrow.wouldrather,hadrather,wouldsooner等之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望,故使用虚拟语气。在不同情况下,其虚拟语气的结构为:表示现在或将来
10、的愿望:did表示过去的愿望:haddone第13页,此课件共93页哦Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butIdratherhe_moreonitsculture.A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused【解析】答案为B。考查虚拟语气。句意:George打算讨论他的国家的地理情况,但我宁愿他更多地关注文化。wouldrather后应用虚拟语气,表示与将来相反的情况,用动词的过去式。故选B。【2010江苏卷】虚拟语气高考真题再现第14页,此课件共93页哦在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的
11、从句中,谓语动词“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。【助记】口诀记忆虚拟动词一坚持(insist)二命令(order,command)三建议(suggest,propose,advise)四要求(require,request,demand,ask)3.表示要求,命令,建议等动词后的宾语从句。第15页,此课件共93页哦Mymomsuggeststhatwe_eatoutforachangethisweekend.A.shouldB.mightC.couldD.would【解析】答案为A。考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为suggest,表示建议,其后所接的名词性从句应用“(should+
12、)动词原形”的虚拟语气,故选A。【2013陕西卷T12】虚拟语气高考真题再现第16页,此课件共93页哦Eyedoctorsrecommendthatachildsfirsteyeexam_attheageofsixmonthsold.A.wasB.beC.wereD.is【解析】答案为B。考查虚拟语气。句意:眼科医生建议,孩子的第一次眼睛检查应该在6个月大时进行。recommend建议,其宾语从句中用shoulddo表虚拟语气,且should可以省略。故选B。【2013浙江卷T08】虚拟语气高考真题再现第17页,此课件共93页哦注意:如suggest,insist表示“建议”或“坚持要求”时,
13、后接宾语从句使用虚拟语气;若它们用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“坚持认为”时,宾语从句用陈述语气。1.The guard at gate insisted that everybody _(obey)the rules.2.He insisted that she _(be)seriously ill and that _(send)to hospital at once.3.He suggested that we _(have)a meeting at once.4.His pale face suggested that he _(be)ill.obeywasbe senthavewas第1
14、8页,此课件共93页哦表 示 请 求、要 求、命 令、建 议 等 的 名 词advice,desire,decision,idea,instruction,order,plan,proposal,recommendation,request,requirement,suggestion,wish等充当句子的主语而后面接表语从句或它们后面接同位语从句时要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用(should+)动词原形。Its suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week
15、.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.三.虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句中的应用第19页,此课件共93页哦1.Its+adj./n.+that从句在该结构中,若形容词为necessary/strange/natural/essential/important/apity/ashame/nowonder等时,that引导的从句要用虚拟语气,即(should)+动词原形。It is important that we(should)master a foreign language
16、.It is strange that he should speak to his father like that.Its necessary that we should study hard.It is a pity that we should not meet last night四.虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用第20页,此课件共93页哦Dontyouthinkitisnecessarythathe_toMiamibuttoNewYork?Iagree,buttheproblemis_hehasrefusedto.A.willnotbesent;thatB.notbesent;tha
17、tC.shouldnotbesent;whatD.shouldnotsend;what【解析】答案为B。考查虚拟语气与名词性从句。Itsnecessarythat结构要求后接的that从句使用虚拟语气,即(should)+动词原形;根据答语判断,应是由that引导的表语从句,故选B。notbesent相当于shouldnotbesent。【2005江苏卷】虚拟语气高考真题再现第21页,此课件共93页哦2.Itissuggested+that从句在“Itisordered(suggested,requested,required,proposed等)+that从句”句型中,从句谓语动词用“sho
18、uld+动词原形”,should可省略。It is suggested that he(should)not spend too much time playing games.建议他不要花太多时间玩游戏。第22页,此课件共93页哦1.asif/though+方式状语从句 She loves the baby as if it were her own son.They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long.He coughed twice as if someone should come.五.虚拟语气在状
19、语从句中的应用表示动作所发生的时间谓语动词的虚拟形式动作发生在主句动作之前had+过去分词动作与主句动作同时发生did(be动词用were)动作发生在主句动作之后would/could/should/might+动词原形第23页,此课件共93页哦Donthandlethevaseasifit_ madeofsteel.A.isB.wereC.hasbeenD.hadbeen【解析】答案为B。考查虚拟语气。句意为:不要把那个花瓶当作是钢铁做的那样处理。asif引导的是状语从句,从句中用虚拟语气;与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,应用一般过去时。在虚拟语气中,常用were代替was。【2010北京卷T35
20、】虚拟语气高考真题再现第24页,此课件共93页哦Jackwasntsayinganythingbuttheteachersmiledathim_hehaddonesomethingveryclever.A.asifB.incaseC.whileD.though【解析】选A。考查状语从句中的虚拟语气。句意:杰克没说一句话,但老师却对着他微笑,好像(asif)他做了什么聪明事似的。【2011湖南卷T33】虚拟语气高考真题再现第25页,此课件共93页哦Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasifit_yesterday.A.washappeningB.happensC.ha
21、shappenedD.(had)happened【解析】答案为D。考查虚拟语气。asif仿佛,好像,其后的从句可出现虚拟语气。句意为:Eliza清楚地记得每一件事,仿佛它是昨天发生的!【2006全国I卷】虚拟语气高考真题再现第26页,此课件共93页哦【名师点津】如果asif/asthough后的从句有明显的迹象表示可能发生时,不用虚拟语气。Itissocloudy.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.天阴得厉害,似乎要下雨了。第27页,此课件共93页哦2.sothat/inorderthat+目的状语从句在incase,lest,forfearthat,inorderthat
22、,sothat等引导的目的状语从句中,谓语动词用“could/might/would/should+动词原形”,表示虚拟。She called him lest he should go out.They left early for fear that they would meet him.They removed the prisoner in order that he would not disturb the proceedings any further.第28页,此课件共93页哦Thepoliceofficersinourcityworkhard_therestofuscanl
23、iveasafelife.A.incaseB.asifC.inorderthatD.onlyif【解析】选C。考查状语从句和连词。句意为:为了我们能过上安全的生活,我们城市的警察工作很努力。incase以免,(以防)万一;asif好像;inorderthat为了;onlyif只有,由句意可知选C。【2011上海卷T33】虚拟语气高考真题再现第29页,此课件共93页哦我们该去睡觉了。Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed.1.Its(about/high)time+that六.虚拟语气在定语从句中的应用英语中,
24、表示“早该做某事了”时,后接的that引导的定语从句中的谓语动词须用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:Itis(high/about)time(that)+主语+动词的过去式/should+动词原形。第30页,此课件共93页哦Jackisagreattalker.Itshightimethathe_ somethinginsteadofjusttalking.A.willdoB.hasdoneC.doD.did【解析】答案为D。考查虚拟语气。句意为:杰克很健谈。他早就应该行动起来而不是夸夸其谈。Itshightime后面跟的that从句要用虚拟语气,结构有两种:一种是动词过去式,另一种是shoul
25、d+动词原形。故选D。【2012辽宁卷T33】虚拟语气高考真题再现第31页,此课件共93页哦含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有:七.含蓄的虚拟语气第32页,此课件共93页哦1.由Without,butfor等介词短语构成含蓄的虚拟语气。Without air,no one could live.(=If there were no air,no one could live.)But for your help,I would have failed.(=If it
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