英语名词性从句语法专题.ppt

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1、名词性从句 -基础与提高名词性从句名词性从句 名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。（一）引导名词性从句的连接词（一）引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词：who,whose,whom,what,which。有词义，在从句中 担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。Who(m)ever/whatever/whichever2、连接副词：when,where,why,how。有词义，在从句中做作状语。Whenever/wherever/however3、连接词：that,whether,if,as if。that

2、 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，只是起到连接作用；if(whether),as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。What he said was completely nonsense.Sodont believe whatever he told you.But the remaining problem is whether other guys are reliable or not.If not,Im afraid we have to work it out by ourselves.The idea that there are so much work to do makes

3、me feel terrible.If we dont have any other choice,it might be a good idea to find a new partner.I will make a list of who we might need to talk with.Just be patient.找找看！（二）主语从句（二）主语从句 1、主语从句在复合句作主语。e.g.Who will go is not important.2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。e.g.It doesnt matter so much whether you will com

4、e or not.3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。e.g.That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.It made us surprised that he suddenly fell ill last week.（三）表语从句（三）表语从句1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。e.g.The question was who could go theree.g.The question was who could go there.My idea is that we can get more comrades

5、to help in My idea is that we can get more comrades to help in the work.(the work.(引导表语从句的引导表语从句的thatthat不可省不可省)（四）宾语从句（四）宾语从句1 1、宾从在复合句中作宾语。、宾从在复合句中作宾语。动词后动词后thatthat引导的宾从第一个引导的宾从第一个thatthat可省。可省。eg.Ieg.I hope(that)everything is all right.hope(that)everything is all right.2 2、介词之后的宾语从句的连接词介词之后的宾语从句

6、的连接词thatthat不可省：不可省：The house was just as I left it except that The house was just as I left it except that everything was covered with dust.everything was covered with dust.He differed from his classmates in that he devoted He differed from his classmates in that he devoted his spare time to readin

7、g.his spare time to reading.（五）同位语从句（五）同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news,fact,idea,suggestion,promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容e.g.e.g.I have no idea when he will be back.I have no idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.su

8、rprised everybody.不是任何名词之后都可以加同位语从句；引导同不是任何名词之后都可以加同位语从句；引导同位语从句的位语从句的thatthat不可省。不可省。一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：1.China is no longer what it used to be.2.The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.3.It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4.How he persuaded the manager to ch

9、ange the plan is interesting.5.The news that they had won the game soon spread over the school.6.The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.7.That is where Lu Xun used to live.8.He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9.I wonder why she refused my invitation.表语从句 同位语

10、从句 不是 主语从句 同位语从句 不是 表语从句 宾语从句 不是 答案考点1.名词性从句中的语序问题名词性从句的结构：适当的连接词+陈述语序分析从句所缺的成分考点2.that/what 的区别问题He said that I was wrong and that he would help me.What I see is different from what I heard.America is _ was called “India”by Columbus.A.that B.what After 3 years study abroad,Tom is not _ he was.A.tha

11、t B.what 考点3.that/whether 区别问题I doubt _ he can be here on time.I dont doubt _ he can be here on time.whetherthat考点4.it 在名词性从句中的用法It This is a good book.I love it.形式主语/形式宾语 8.I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.A.itB.themC.these D.thatI like _ in the autumn when the weather is fine and c

12、lear.itId appreciate _ if you could teach me how to use the computer.it考点5.名词性从句中的虚拟语气问题1.宾语从句2.其他名词性从句3.It is important/necessary/natural/a wonder/essential（必要的）/surprising/suggested thatshould do desire,demand,require,request,order,propose,command,advise,suggest,insist等 4.I wish that I were a bird

13、.5.Id rather you didnt.考点6.否定前移带来的反意疑问句问题 He said that I was a fool,_?didnt heI dont think he is a fool,_?is he考点7.if/whether 的区别问题 宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。e.g.I wonder if it doesnt rain.用if 会引起误解，就要用whether。e.g.Please let me know whether you want to go.（此句如果把 whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）若若whether whethe

14、r 与与or notor not直接连用，就不能换成直接连用，就不能换成ifif；不直接连用可换。eg.I dont know whether or not the report is true.I dont know whether/if the report is true or not.介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whetherwhether可与可与不定式连用。不定式连用。whetherwhether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不

15、能用whether。e.g.It depends on whether we have enough time.They dont know whether to go there.Please come to see me if you have time.考点8.1.no matter who/2.whoever_ breaks the rules,he will be punished.1./2.考点9.1.who/2.whoever _ will be sent abroad has not been decided yet._ will be sent abroad should c

16、ome back on time.1.2.6._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.（上海1999）A.Who B.The oneB.C.AnyoneD.Whoever7._ has helped to save the drowning girl hasnt been found out.A.WhoB.The oneB.C.AnyoneD.Whoever考点10：强调句型的有关问题It is important that you should learn a foreign language.It is with T

17、oms help that I learned French.1.It was in the hotel that I met Tom.2.Was it in the hotel that you met Tom?3.Where was it that you met Tom?4.Can you tell me where it was that you met Tom?5.It was in the hotel where I lived that I met Tom?6.-Where did you meet Tom?-It was in the hotel _ I lived.(that

18、 I met Tom)选择填空：1.Do you see _ I mean?A.that B./C.how2.Tell me_ is on your mind.A.that C.which D.why3.We must stick to _ we have agreed on.B.thatC./D.how4.Let me see _.A.that can I repair the radioC.I can repair the radioD.whether can I repair the radio5.Keep in mind _.A.that the teacher saidB.what

19、did the teacher sayC.that did the teacher say答案D.whatB.whatA.whatB.whether-I can repair the radioD.what the teacher said6.Could you advise me _?A.which book should I read firstB.what book should I read firstC.that book 1 should read first7.He was criticized for _.A.he had done itB.C.what had he done

20、 D.that he had done it8.Would you kindly tell me _?A.how can I get to the Beijing Railway StationC.where can I get to the Beijing Railway StationD.whether can I get to the Beijing Railway Station9.Mrs.Smith was very much impressed by _.A.what had she seen in ChinaB.that she had seen in China D.which

21、 had she seen in ChinaD.which book I should read firstB.what he had doneB.how I can get to the Beijing Railway StationC.what she had seen in China答案10.We took it for granted _ B.that were they not comingC.they were coming notD.were they not coining11.I really dont know _A.I should do nextB.what shou

22、ld I do next D.how I should do next12.Im afraid _.B.that will the little girl have to operate onC.the little girl will have to operate onD.that will the little girl have to be operated on13.She walked up to _.A.where did I stand C.I stood there D.where I stood thereA.that they were not comingC.what

23、I should do nextA.the little girl will have to be operated onB.where I stood答案14.Can you tell me _?A.who is that gentlemanB.that gentleman is who D.whom.is that gentleman15.Well give you _.A.that do you needB.what do you need D.whether do you need16.They want us to know _ to help us.A.what can they

24、C.how they can D.how can they17.We must put _ into practice.B.that we have learnedC.that have we learnedD.what have we learned答案C.who that gentleman isC.whatever you needB.what they canA.what we have learned18.Did she say anything about _?A.that the work was to be doneB.how was the work to be doneC.

25、that was the work to be done19.He was never satisfied with _.B.had what she achievedC.she had achievedD.that she achieved20.These photographs will show you _.A.what does our village look likeC.how does our village look likeD.how our village looks like21.Peter insisted _ he pay the bill.A.on thatB.wh

26、atD.on whichD.how the work was to be doneA.what she had achievedB.what our village looks likeC.that答案22.They urged _ the library open during the vacation.A.whenB.whereC.why23.We wish we could have learned _ when we were at high school.B.that you had doneC.that what you did D.what did you do24.1 will

27、 describe to you _ I saw when there.B.thatC.which D./25.From _ I should say he is a good worker.B.that I do know of himC.what do I know of himD.that do I know of him26.I will give this dictionary to _ wants to have it.A.whomever B.anyone D.someoneD.thatA.what you didA.whatA.what 1 know of himC.whoev

28、er答案27._ they will come here hasn t been decided yet.A.What B.ThatD.Where28._ was said here must be kept secret.A.Who B.The thing D.Where29.It is still a question _ we shall have our sports meet.A.if B.that C.what30.Im going anyway._ she will go is up to her to decide.A.If or not C.IfD.That31.It is

29、strange _ she have left without saying a word.B.whatC.whyD.how32.It is very clear _ our policy is a correct one.A.whatC.why D.where答案C.WhenC.WhateverD.whenB.Whether or notA.thatB.that33._ Mr Zhang said is quite right.A.That B.WhenD.Whether34.It has been decided _ he will be sent there.A.ifB.whether

30、C.why35.It doesn t matter _he s come back or not.A.if C.thatD.when36.Its a great pity _ we wont be able to finish the task on time.A.when C.why D.where37.It happened _ I wasnt there that day.A.when B.whyC.where 38._ you have done might do harm to other people.B.ThatC.Which D.The thingsC.WhatD.thatB.

31、whetherB.thatD.thatA.What答案39._ leaves the room last ought to turn oft the lights.A.Anyone B.The person D.Who40._ the 2000 Olympic Games wont be held in Beijing is known to all.A.Whether B.IfC.Whenever 41._ fails to see this will make a big mistake.A.That C.Whether D.Whether or not42._ we need more

32、equipment is quite obvious.A.What B.WhetherD.Whatever43.Has it been announced _?A.when are the planes to take offB.that are the planes to take offC.where are the planes to take offC.WhoeverD.That B.WhoeverC.ThatD.when the planes are to take off答案44.That is _ we all support his idea.A.whatC.whereD.wh

33、en45.Thats _ we should do.A.thatC.howD.why46._ is troubling me is _ I dont understand _ he said B.What;what;whatC.That;that;whatD.Why;that;which47.Things were not _ they seemed to be.A.whenC.thatD.what48.Thats _ I want to say.A.all whatB.whatC.all whichB.whyB.whatA.What;that;whatB.whyD.what that答案49

34、.Thats _.B.our differences lie thereC.where do our differences lieD.that where our differences lie50.That is _.A.where lived he thereB.where did he live D.that where he lived51.The questions is _.A.whether is it worth doingB.that if it is worth doing D.if it is worth doing52.Water will continue to b

35、e _ it is today next in importance to oxygen.A.howB.whichD.as53.Thats_.A.how did I become a teacherC.how a teacher I becameD.that I became a teacherA.where our differences lieC.where he livedC.whether it is worth doingC.whatB.how I became a teacher答案54.They are just _.A.that what shall I haveB.what

36、shall I haveC.that I shall have what55.It looked _.B.that as if it was going to rainC.as if was it going to rain D.as if that it was going to rain56.Thats_.B.that how did she do it.C.how did she do itD.what she did it57.That is _ we decided to put the discussion off.A.whereB.whichC.that58.Thats _ I

37、lived when I was ten years old.B.at whichC.there whereD.whenD.what I shall haveA.as if it was going to rainA.how she did itD.whyA.where答案59.My suggestion is _ we should send a few comrades to help them.A.if C.when thatD.that where60.The idea _ all people are selfish is wrong.A.whatC.why D.if61.We he

38、ard the news _ our team had won.B.whatC.whetherD.why62.The fact _ he hadnt said anything surprised us all.A.whyB.ifD.whether63.I have no idea _ she will be back.A.thatB.whereC.that when64.We must keep in mind the fact _ China is still a developing country.A.whetherC.whyD.when65.They have no idea at all _.B.where did he goC.where has he goneD.which place he has gone答案B.thatB.thatA.thatC.thatD.whenB.thatA.where he has gone