教育精品：高三英语课件：现在分词和过去分词--用法之异同.ppt

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1、高三英语总复习语法专项训练高三英语总复习语法专项训练现在分词和过去分词现在分词和过去分词用法之异同用法之异同 动词-ed 形式的功能 现在分词和过去分词的用法异同历来是学现在分词和过去分词的用法异同历来是学习中的难点和高考测试的重点。众所周知，两习中的难点和高考测试的重点。众所周知，两种分词的区别很多，但它们之间的根本区别是：种分词的区别很多，但它们之间的根本区别是：过去分词在时态上强调动作已经完成，在过去分词在时态上强调动作已经完成，在过去分词在时态上强调动作已经完成，在过去分词在时态上强调动作已经完成，在语态上侧重于被动；语态上侧重于被动；语态上侧重于被动；语态上侧重于被动；而现在分词在时

2、态上强调动作正在进行，而现在分词在时态上强调动作正在进行，而现在分词在时态上强调动作正在进行，而现在分词在时态上强调动作正在进行，在语态上侧重于主动。在语态上侧重于主动。在语态上侧重于主动。在语态上侧重于主动。这种根本的区别具体体现在两种分词分别这种根本的区别具体体现在两种分词分别充当的各种句子成份中充当的各种句子成份中。1.There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light.A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed2.The Olympic Games,_ in

3、776 B.C.,didnt include women until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be playing3.Whats the language _ in Germany?A.speaking B.spoken C.be spoken D.to speak4.Most of the people _ to the party were famous scientists.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.inviting 5.The com

4、puter centre,_ last year,is very popular among the students in this school.A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened 6.The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.having written B.to be written C.being written D.written 分词分词分词分词作定语作定语作定语作定语 共同点：共同点

5、：共同点：共同点：分词作定语时，如果分词只是一分词作定语时，如果分词只是一个单词，那么，该分词就位于其所修饰的名词个单词，那么，该分词就位于其所修饰的名词之前；如果是分词短语，那么，该短语就位于之前；如果是分词短语，那么，该短语就位于其所修饰的名词之后，它的作用相当于一个定其所修饰的名词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。语从句。不同点不同点不同点不同点：现在现在分词分词与逻辑主语之间是与逻辑主语之间是主动主动关系关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作示的动作同时发生同时发生；而；而过去分词则表示被动关过去分词则表示被动关系系，所示动作一般发生在谓语

6、动词，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时之前或同时发生。发生。1.This news sounds _.A.encouraging B.encouraged C.encourage D.to encourage 2.-How did Bob do in the exams this time?-Well,his father seems _ with his results.A.pleasing B.please C.pleased D.to please3.-How did the audience receive the new play?-They got very _.A.excit

7、e B.excited C.excitedly D.exciting分词分词分词分词作表语作表语作表语作表语 共同点：共同点：共同点：共同点：分词作表语时，它起着形容词的作用。分词作表语时，它起着形容词的作用。不同点不同点不同点不同点：现在现在分词作表语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主分词作表语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系动关系，意味着，意味着“起这种作用起这种作用”；而过去分词则表示被动而过去分词则表示被动关系关系，意味着，意味着“受这种影响受这种影响”。1.The next morning she found the man _ in bed,dead.A.lying B.lie C.lay D

8、.laying 2.-Good morning.Can I help you?-Id like to have the package _,madam.A.be weighed B.to be weighed C.to weigh D.weighed3.If you wave your book in front of your face,you can feel the air _ against your face.A.moved B.moving C.moves D.to move4.The murderer was brought in,with his hands _ behind

9、his back.A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied分词分词分词分词作宾语补足语作宾语补足语作宾语补足语作宾语补足语 共同点：共同点：共同点：共同点：分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足语，对句子的宾语分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足语，对句子的宾语起补充或说明作用。起补充或说明作用。不同点：不同点：不同点：不同点：分词作宾语补足语时，分词作宾语补足语时，句子的宾语就是该分词的逻句子的宾语就是该分词的逻辑主语辑主语。但。但现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时

10、发生；而作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表过去分词则表示被动关系示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。1.European football is played in 80 countries,_ it the most popular sport in the world.A.making B.makes C.made D.to make2._ a reply,he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having recei

11、ved D.Having not received3.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,_ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added4.“Cant you read?”Mary said _ to the notice.A.angrily pointing B.and point angrily C.angrily pointed D.and angrily pointing分词分词分词分词作状

12、语作状语作状语作状语 共同点：共同点：共同点：共同点：分词作状语时，一般在句子中作时间、原因、分词作状语时，一般在句子中作时间、原因、方式或伴随等状语。方式或伴随等状语。不同点：不同点：不同点：不同点：分词作状语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑分词作状语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，主语。但现在分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生谓语动词之而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生谓语动词之前

13、或同时发生。前或同时发生。如果作如果作状语的动作发生在谓语动词之前状语的动作发生在谓语动词之前，且和句子，且和句子的逻辑主语构成的逻辑主语构成被动关系被动关系，用，用 having been done 的形式，也的形式，也可以直接用可以直接用 过去分词过去分词 done.1.I cannot understand _ such a well-paid job.A.him to give up B.him to have given up C.his giving up D.his being given up2.Janes summer vacation in England led to _

14、 an Englishman.A.her marry B.her to marry C.her being married D.her marrying 3.She was sad because of _ any chance left.A.there being not B.there not being C.not there being D.there was not4.If you think a letter is too slow,why not _ a telegram?A.try to have sent B.trying to send C.to try to send D

15、.try sending 5.There is no chance _ him today.A.in seeing B.to seeing C.of seeing D.about seeing 6.I know you like _.Would you like _ with me now?A.swim,to swim B.swimming,swimmingC.swimming,to swim D.to swim,swimming7.Before _,the machine must be checked.A.being used B.using it C.being used to D.us

16、ing 8.To give up _ means _.A.smoking,stopping smoking B.smoking,to stop smoking C.to smoke,to stop to smoke D.to smoke,stopping to smoke9.What do you think of the book?Oh,excellent.Its worth _ a second time.A.to read B.reading C.to be read D.being read 10.“What has made you so upset?”“_ my new bike.

17、”A.Lost B.Because of losing C.Since I lost D.Losing 11.I still remember _ to Beijing when I was six.A.to take B.taking C.having taking D.having been taken 12.Some foreigner used to _ on the left in their own countries,but now they have got used to _ on the right in our country.A.driving,drive B.driv

18、e,drive C.drive,driving D.driving,driving13.He remained _ there,for he grew _ in many things there.A.staying,interesting B.staying,interested C.to stay,interest D.stayed,interested14.It is important for parents and young people to learn how to get through to each other and develop skill in understan

19、ding and _.A.being understood B.to be understood C.understand D.understood15._ more trees is good for health and it is also important to stop waste from factories _ our surroundings.A.To plant,pollute B.Planting,to pollute C.Plant,polluting D.Planting,polluting 16.I would appreciate _ back this afte

20、rnoon.A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.youre calling 17.How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden?A.to take B.take C.taking D.to be taking18.“The light in the office is still on.”“Oh,I forgot _.”A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off D.having turned it off19.“I must apologiz

21、e for _ ahead of time.”“Thats all right.”A.letting you not know B.not letting you knowC.letting you know not D.letting not you know20.It happened _ when I left the station,so I had to wait until the rain stopped.A.to be raining B.to have rained C.to rain D.raining 21._ more attention,the trees could

22、 have grown better.A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having given22.Climbing mountains was _,so we all felt _.A.tiring;tired B.tired;tiring C.tiring;tiring D.tired;tired23.The _ morning,the father came into the lonely house,_ by his naughty boy.A.following;following B.followed;followed C.following;follow

23、ed D.followed;following24._ these pictures,I couldnt help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing and _ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building,Beijing looks more magnificent.A.Seeing;seen B.Seen;seeing C.Seeing;seeing D.Seen;seen25.Mrs White was glad to see the nurse _ after her son and her

24、 daughter and was also pleased to see children well _ care of in the nursery.A.looked;taken B.looking;taken C.looked;took D.looking;taking 26.I was fortunate to pick up a wallet _ on the ground on the way home,but unfortunately for me,I found my colour TV set _ when I got home.A.lying;stolen B.layin

25、g;stealing C.lay;stolen D.lying;stealing27._ better attention,the vegetables could have grown better with the sun shining brightly in the sky and _ them light.A.Giving;given B.Given;given C.Giving;giving D.Given;giving28._ his head high,the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting _ then.A

26、.Holding;being held B.Held;holding C.Having held;held D.Held;to be held29._ but he still could not understand it.A.Told many times B.Having been told many timesC.He has been told many times D.Though he had been told many times30.On hearing the _ news,I was too _ to sleep.A.exciting;excited B.excited;exciting C.exciting;exciting D.excited;excited