(精品)第5讲 color terms.ppt

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1、Translation of ColoursContents1.A Comparative Study on Color Terms2.Translation Studies 3.Practice十二色相环十二色相环原色（原色（primary hues）二次色（二次色（secondary hues）三次色（三次色（tertiary hues）三原色三原色tricolor是红、黄、蓝是红、黄、蓝;二次色是橙、紫、绿二次色是橙、紫、绿;红橙、黄橙、黄绿、蓝绿、蓝紫和红紫六色为三次色红橙、黄橙、黄绿、蓝绿、蓝紫和红紫六色为三次色 1234562 ZENG Wen-hua1.A Comparative

2、 Study on Color Termsn基本颜色词基本颜色词n颜色词的构词与功能颜色词的构词与功能n颜色词的语义颜色词的语义3 ZENG Wen-huaBasic Color WordsnEnglish（11）：）：nwhite,black,red,green,yellow,blue,brown,purple,pink,orange and gray by美国民族学家柏林美国民族学家柏林(Brent Berlin)和语言学家凯和语言学家凯伊伊(Paul Kay)发表了发表了基本色彩词语基本色彩词语:普遍性与进普遍性与进化论研究化论研究（1969)nChinese（10）：）：n白、黑、红、

3、绿、黄、蓝、紫、灰、橙、褐白、黑、红、绿、黄、蓝、紫、灰、橙、褐 4 ZENG Wen-hua5 ZENG Wen-huaFormation&Functionnpart of speech nHis hair is gray.(adj.)他头发他头发花白花白。(adj.)nHis hair has been graying fast.(v.)他的头发他的头发(近来近来)白白得很快。得很快。(v.)nHis hair is touched with gray.(n.)他有少许他有少许白白头发。头发。(adj.)nHis hair is gray black.(adv.)他的头发黑中带灰他的头发黑

4、中带灰/呈灰黑色。（呈灰黑色。（n./adj.）6 ZENG Wen-huaFormation&FunctionnFormationn Adding affixations empurple;embrown redden;blacken grayishn 前前+Adding words of degree dark/deep 表深浓表深浓 light/pale 表淡浅表淡浅 表淡浅表淡浅 yellowish；greenish；bluish rich/vivid/bright 表明亮、鲜艳表明亮、鲜艳 dull,dirty,murky,darkling 表阴暗表阴暗 7 ZENG Wen-hua

5、nAdding words with affective meaningsn 前前+dazzling；staring;flashing,etc.表示耀眼、夺目、艳俗等n前前+iridescent 表示闪亮的、色彩斑斓的，色彩变幻的；前前+pearlescent 表光芒四射的,珍珠般的n英国人常用英国人常用iridescent green描写孔雀的羽色描写孔雀的羽色 也可用也可用iridescent blue 描写海面的颜色描写海面的颜色nThey walked to the lake where there were two pairs of ducks,mallards（wild duck

6、绿头鸭）with feathers as if painted in iridescent green.8 ZENG Wen-huanDiscribing the Mixture of Colors n Color+Color nyellow green (黄绿色，绿中带黄黄绿色，绿中带黄)blue green(蓝绿色，绿中带蓝蓝绿色，绿中带蓝)grey green(灰绿色，绿中带灰灰绿色，绿中带灰)purple green(紫绿色，绿中带紫紫绿色，绿中带紫)n yellowish green,bluish greenn Object+Color (using simile)nviolet g

7、reen(紫绿色紫绿色)orange green(桔绿色桔绿色)gold(en)green(金绿色金绿色)silvery green(银绿色，绿中带灰银绿色，绿中带灰)9 ZENG Wen-huan颜色词颜色词-and-颜色词颜色词 n a yellow-and-black leopard 一只黄底黑斑的花豹 花豹 spotted leopard；a yellow leopard with black spotsn a red-and-black grid cap 一顶红黑方格帽子 na red-and-white striped blouse 一件红条纹白底衬衣 n他穿着一身浅灰色底子蓝色条

8、子的西装，打着一条玫瑰红的领带。(周而复上海的早晨)nHe was dressed in a pale gray western suit with blue stripes and a rosecoloured tie.10 ZENG Wen-huan汉语颜色词的构词汉语颜色词的构词 n表程度或性状的形容词+颜色词 深红、鲜红、纯白、洁白、嫩绿（viridescence）、淡蓝n 颜色词+颜色词 紫红（mauve）、粉红、绯红(crimson)、绛紫、乌黑（jet black）、朱红（Vermilion）n表事物的名词表事物的名词+颜色词颜色词枣红、桔红、火红、银白、雪白、乳白、漆枣红、桔红

9、、火红、银白、雪白、乳白、漆黑、油黑、炭黑、湖蓝、米黄、鹅黄、蜡黄黑、油黑、炭黑、湖蓝、米黄、鹅黄、蜡黄 11 ZENG Wen-huan汉语颜色词的构词汉语颜色词的构词 n颜色词颜色词+词素词素“色色”紫色、粉色、绿色紫色、粉色、绿色n 表事物的名词表事物的名词+词素词素“色色”肉色、金色、土黄色肉色、金色、土黄色n柠檬黄、葡萄紫、茄子紫、鱼肚白、孔雀绿柠檬黄、葡萄紫、茄子紫、鱼肚白、孔雀绿 n红彤彤、白茫茫、绿油油、金灿灿、红彤彤、白茫茫、绿油油、金灿灿、黄澄澄、灰蒙蒙黄澄澄、灰蒙蒙n“白不呲咧白不呲咧”、“红不棱登红不棱登”、“黑不溜秋黑不溜秋”、“灰不溜丢灰不溜丢”12 ZENG We

10、n-huaPhrases with color termsnto paint the town red nyellow blightnblue ribbon n亮黄牌 n红杏出墙n他俩争得脸红脖子粗。狂欢、痛饮n一种致植物及树木于死地的疾病n象征着最高的荣誉，因为英王常用来赐给那些成绩卓越的臣民带有blue ribbon礼物 nto show yellow card ton an apricot flower coming out of the wall；a woman who has been unfaithful to her husband Quarrelling with each o

11、ther,both of them saw red.13 ZENG Wen-huaPhrases with color termsnAn ape is an ape,a varlet is a varlet,though they be clad in scarlet.ngive sb.a black eyengive sb.a pink slipna white faced mann白发三千丈，缘愁似个长?不知明镜里，何处得秋霜?n一个坏人，尽管穿上了紫一个坏人，尽管穿上了紫袍袍(地位显赫了地位显赫了)，也还是，也还是改变不了他的劣根性。改变不了他的劣根性。n把某人眼睛打青把某人眼睛打青使丧

12、失信誉使丧失信誉;使丢脸使丢脸n 解雇；开除解雇；开除 to give a notice of termination of employment.n不健康的人不健康的人nGray hair14 ZENG Wen-huaPhrases with color termsnbrown paper nto marry into the purplenJoe is a yellow-bellied guy,dont send him such a tough assignment!nwhite-collar workersnblue-collar workersngray-collar workers

13、npink-collar workersn白开水白开水n牛皮纸牛皮纸 n与皇室或贵族联姻与皇室或贵族联姻n 乔是个胆小鬼，不要给他乔是个胆小鬼，不要给他如此艰难的工作。如此艰难的工作。n白领阶层白领阶层(指受过专门教育指受过专门教育或技术训练的脑力劳动者或技术训练的脑力劳动者)n蓝领阶层蓝领阶层(普通体力劳动者普通体力劳动者)n灰领阶层灰领阶层(服务行业的职工服务行业的职工)n粉领阶层粉领阶层(指职业妇女群体指职业妇女群体)15 ZENG Wen-huaTranslation of Color Termsn 因嫌帽纱小，因嫌帽纱小，n 致使锁枷扛，致使锁枷扛，n 昨怜破袄寒，昨怜破袄寒，n 今

14、嫌今嫌紫莽紫莽长。长。(红楼梦红楼梦 好了歌好了歌)n Hawkes把这首诗词译作把这首诗词译作:n The judge whose hat is too small for his head,n Wears in the end,a convicts cangue instead,n Who shivering once in rags bemoaned his fate,n Today finds fault with scarlet robes of state.16 ZENG Wen-huaExamplesnBut they did not know how silvery golde

15、n her hair was,nor how golden silver her skin;they did not know her enchanting smile.(毛姆毛姆狂欢狂欢)silvery golden是金黄色中带银白色是金黄色中带银白色golden silver是银白色中带金黄色是银白色中带金黄色n西南天上起了西南天上起了乌云乌云，密雨下，密雨下黑黑了天地了天地(周立波周立波暴风骤雨暴风骤雨)Suddenly inky clouds gathered in the southwestern sky and dissolved into a downpour，blackenin

16、g heaven and earth.17 ZENG Wen-huan我们的船向前走，两岸的我们的船向前走，两岸的青山青山在黄昏中，都装成在黄昏中，都装成深黛深黛颜色，连着退向船后梢去。颜色，连着退向船后梢去。(鲁迅鲁迅故乡故乡)As we set off,the green mountains on the two banks became deep blue in the dusk,receding toward the stern of the boat.n道旁屯落里，做早饭的淡灰色的紫烟，正从土黄道旁屯落里，做早饭的淡灰色的紫烟，正从土黄屋顶上高高飘起。屋顶上高高飘起。(周立波周立波上

17、海的早晨上海的早晨)Greyish wisps of kitchen smoke were curling up from the yellowish earthen house-tops in the villages beside the highway.18 ZENG Wen-huan a tall young woman,well-shaped and rather full-bodied,came on the boat from the bank,leading a child of about six.She had very small feet,neatly bound,bu

18、t she stood quite erect.She wore a violet dress,broad-trimmed in green,and no skirts,but only green trousers,trimmed with broad,horizontal bands of a continuous swastika（万字饰）万字饰）design in black.Beneath the trousers showed a pair of red bow shoes,three and a half inches long,beautifully embroidered a

19、nd topped by ankle bands of white cloth.(P52,Moment in Peking)n 这个少妇脚很小，裹得整整齐齐的，但是站得笔直，穿着紫褂子，镶着绿宽边，没穿裙子，只穿着绿裤子，上面有由黑A字连成的横宽条儿。裤子下面露出的是红色弓鞋，有三寸长，花儿绣得很美，鞋上端缚的是白腿带儿。（Trans.by 张振玉）19 ZENG Wen-huapracticen她穿着蜜褐色的棉袄，玫瑰紫二色金眼线的坎肩儿，葱黄绫子棉裙、一色儿半新不旧的。（薛宝钗的衣着）nShe was wearing a light brown cotton-wadded coat,a r

20、ose purple waistcoat trimmed with gold and silver laces,and a yellowish green satin skirtall were half new and half old.20 ZENG Wen-huanPractice:鲁迅鲁迅故乡故乡选段选段n这时候，我的脑里忽然闪出一幅神异的图画来：深蓝的天空中挂着一轮金黄的圆月，下面是海边的沙地，都种着一望无际的碧绿的西瓜，其间有一个十一二岁的少年，项带银圈，手捏一柄钢叉，向一匹猹尽力的刺去，那猹却将身一扭，反从他的胯下逃走了。21 ZENG Wen-huaReferencenAt t

21、his moment,a miraculous picture popped up in my mind:A golden full moon was hanging in the dark blue sky,beneath which lay an endless stretch of sandy land with dark green watermelons.A lad of eleven or twelve with a silver ring around his neck,a steel fork in hand,was pricking at the badger with all his strength,which swiftly twisted and escaped from under his thigh.22 ZENG Wen-huaThats the end.Thank you!23 ZENG Wen-hua