大学英语四级考试考点词汇和真题汇总.docx

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1、大学英语四级考试考点词汇和真题汇总(AM) Aabsorb vt吸取；使认真【搭配】be absorbed in 认真于【考题】She was soin her job that she didn”t hear anybody knocking at the doorAattracted BabsorbedCdrawn Dconcentrated1996125B【译文】她工作如此认真以致于没听见有人敲门。abuse vt滥用；虐待 n滥用【考题】It has been revealed that some government leaderstheir authority and positi

2、on to get illegal profits for themselves Aemploy BtakeCabuse Doverlook1996634C【译文】据透露，一些政府官员滥用职权为自己谋取非法利益。accomplish v到达；完成【考题】The project，by the end of 2023，willexpand the city”s telephone network to cover 1，000，000 usersAaccomplishedBbeing accomplishedCto be accomplishedDhaving been accomplished19

3、99668C【译文】估量在 2023 年前完成的这项工程将扩大该市的 网至 1，000，000用户。account n账；账户 v说明缘由【搭配】on account of 为了的缘由，由于takeinto account 考虑到【考题】I”dhis reputation with other farmers and business people in the community，and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loanAtake into account Baccount for Cmake up for

4、Dmake out2023163A【译文】我得向社区【搭配】for sb”s approval 求某人指正give one”s approval to 批准【考题】If only the committeethe regulations的其他的农户和商人们了解他的信誉，然后再打算是否同意他的贷款恳求。approve vt赞成，赞许；批准approval n and put them into effect as soon as possible AapproveBwill approve Ccan approveDwould approve1997147D【译文】要是委员会能尽快批准这些规章制

5、度并付诸实施就好了。approximately ad近似地，大约【考题】They claim that1，000 factories closed down during the economic crisisAsufficiently Bapproximately Cconsiderably Dproperly1993145B【译文】他们宣称大约有 1000 家工厂在经济危机中倒闭了。arise vi消灭；由引起【考题】Some confusion hasabout who can join the association Aretained BliftedCraised Darisen19

6、92143D【译文】关于谁参与协会意见不一。artificial a人工的；矫揉造作的【考题】There were someflowers on the table Aartificial BunnaturalCfalse Dunreal1991644A【译文】桌子上有一些假花。ashamed a惭愧的；耻辱的【搭配】be ashamed of 以为是耻辱be ashamed to do sth以干为耻【考题】He wasof having asked such a silly question Asorry Bguilty Cashamed Dmiserable1991665C【译文】他对自

7、己问了这样一个愚蠢的问题感到很不好意思。associate vi交往 n伙伴，同事【搭配】associate oneself with 参与associate sthwith 把某事物与其他事物联系在一起associate with 和来往【考题】A healthy life is frequently thought to bewith the open countryside and homegrown foodAtied BboundCinvolved Dassociated1996623D【译文】人们总是把安康的生活与开阔的乡村和自家种的食物联系在一起。available a可利用的；

8、通用的the bare necessities of life 最起码的生活必需品v. 揭露，暴露，揭开，去除的掩盖物bare one”s head 脱去帽子bare one”s heart 表露真情【全真考题】Although they plant trees in this area every yea，r of some hills are still 996AbareBvacantCblankDhollow答案Abarelyad仅仅，只不过，几乎不the tops【考题】Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking a

9、re in grocery storesAready Bapproachable Cprobable Davailable1997143D【译文】经过加工随时可供烹调的便利食品在食杂店可以买到。awkward a笨拙的；犯难的【考题】The shy girl feltand uncomfortable when she could not answer her teacher”s questionsAamazed Bawkward Ccurious Damused1998642B【译文】当这个大方的女孩答复不上来教师的提问时，她感到很窘迫和难过。Bban v制止In most countrie

10、s the sale of liquor to children is banned大多数国家都制止卖酒给小孩子们。n制止，禁令announce a 30-day ban on hunting 宣布 30 天的禁猎令【辨析】ban，forbid 和 prohibit 三个词都表示“制止”，其中ban 语气最重， 指权威机关正式制止。 forbid 是一般用词，指个人行为。prohibit 是正式用词， 指用法律或法令来制止。bare a无遮盖的；空的；仅仅的a bare hillside 光秃秃的无树木的山坡a room bare of furniture 几乎没有家具的房间We barely

11、 had time to catch the train我们仅有牵强赶上火车的时间。【用法】1barely 用在句首时引起句子倒装。 2barely 含有否认意义，因此用在反意疑问句中时，句尾的疑问短句要用确定形式。3barelywhen 构造表示“刚就”，barely 所在的局部要倒装。 4barely 不与 ever， any 和 at all 连用。【辨析】barely，hardly，rarely 和 scarcely 四个词意义相近，都表否认概念， 但也有一些差异。rarely 意为“难得，不常”not often。Rarely have I seen him smilehardly

12、往往强调力气上有困难，意为“简直不，很难”。He can hardly jump over the fencescarcely 往往强调缺乏，常同 enough，sufficient，any 等表示程度的词连用， 意为“不太，几乎，简直没有”。He has scarcely any money leftbarely 与 hardly 和 scarcely 意思相近，意为“几乎，牵强，仅能做到”。但假设后面跟有 ever，any，at all 等词，只能用 hardly 或 scarcely，不能用barely。benefit n好处；优越性；保险金，救济金I”ve had the benefi

13、t of a good education我得益于良好的教育。the benefits of science 科学的优良条件 unemployment benefits 失业保险vi. 得益He hasn”t benefited from the experience他并没有从他的阅历中受益。vt使受益This policy benefits the whole city这个政策使整个城市受益。【用法】benefit 作不及物动词时，其后常接介词 from。borevt使感到厌烦All his old stories bore me他全部的老生常谈使我厌烦。n令人厌烦的事物Don”t be s

14、uch a bore别这么厌烦。【用法】bore 的两种分词形式boring 和 bored：boring 表示主动，指某事物令人厌烦；bored 表示被动，指被某事物弄得厌烦。He was bored with his jobIt”s a boring film类似的词还有interesting 与 interested；exciting 与 excited 等。Ccontrary adj在性质、倾向或方向等方面相反的；好与人作对的contrary beliefs 截然相反的信仰He is an awkward，contrary child他是个又麻烦又不听话的孩子。n反面【用法】contr

15、ary to 违反：be contrary to the law；on the contrary 与此相反：It doesn”t seem ugly to me；on the contrary，I think it”s rather beautiful【全真考题】What you have done is the doctor”s orders901 Aattached to Bresponsible toCresistant toDcontrary to【答案】D contributev捐款，捐助；有助于；投稿concentratev全神贯注，精神集中，认真致志；集中，集合；浓缩We con

16、tributed clothingto the relief of the poor我们捐赠衣物救济贫民。We should concentrate all our efforts on improving education我们应当集中精力努力改进教育工作。Troops are concentrating south of the river军队正向河的南边集结。n浓缩液【用法】concentratesthon sthdoing sth【全真考题】Anne couldn”t concentratewhat she was doing while her family were watchin

17、g TV931Ato Bon Cfor Din【答案】Bcontinual adj连续不断的；一再重复的continual rain 不停的雨【辨析】continual 与 continuouscontinual 一般指屡次重复的动作：Please stop your continual questions continuous 表示动作或物体连续不停地或不连续地进展下去：a continuous flow of traffic【全真考题】Our journey was slow because the train stoppedat different villages991Aunceasi

18、nglyBgradually CcontinuouslyDcontinually【答案】DHard work contributed to his success努力工作使他成功。He contributed poems to the magazine他投诗稿给杂志。【用法】contribute 与介词to 搭配：contributesth to【全真考题】Medical research has shown that the widespread use of cigarettes contributesthe increase of cancers941 Atowards Bfor Cwi

19、th Dto【答案】Dcritical adj吹毛求疵的，批判的；打算性的，重要的He is so critical that nobody can please him他太吹毛求疵，所以没有人能取悦他。We arrived at the critical moment我们在关键时刻到达。【用法】critical 作吹毛求疵的、批判的讲时与介词 of 搭配。【全真考题】The director was criticalthe way we were doing the work20231A. at Bin Cof Dwith【答案】C大学英语教学大纲中，关于四级词汇的要求是：“领悟式把握420

20、0 单词其中复用式把握的单词为 2500以及由这些词构成的常用词组 1600 条中学所把握的单词和词组均包括在内，并具有依据根本构词法识别生词的力气。”大纲中所指的领悟式强调对词义的认知，而复用式则强调对这类词的词义辨析、用法以及搭配关系的把握。因此，以大纲为指导，四级考试中词汇的内容，除了考察对单词的认知外，还测试词义的微小区分、词汇用法和搭配关系。目前考察领悟式词汇为 739占大局部，复用式占261。在此篇和上期所列重点词汇的四级考题中，bare，concentrate，contribute，continual，critical 都以复用式词汇方式来考察。其中，bare 和continua

21、l 考察词义的辨析；concentrate， contribute 和 critical 考察了词的搭配关系。固然，四级试题中词汇的领悟与复用也不都是界限清楚的，有时在一道题中会既考察认知又考察用法等。D同学们，假设你正在复习大学英语四级词汇的字母D 局部，请跟我来。先做题， 再认真阅读题后的讲解。看看收获如何。1. The issue is how toof radioactive waste Adeal Bdispose Cdisposal Ddo答案与译文B问题是怎样处理放射性废料。辨析及搭配Adealwith处理；应付；做生意。例句：I have dealt with this com

22、pany for more than a decade我已经与这家公司做了十多年的生意。B. disposeof处理；处置；除掉；去掉。例句：Man proposes，God disposes谋事在人，成事在天。Dispose of these old newspapers！把这些旧报纸处理掉。Cdisposaln处理；处置。Ddo 处理；整顿；解决问题。2. The trend of brain drain does the developing countriesdegrees of harmAdiver Bdiversify Cdiverse Ddiversity答案与译文C人才外流的趋

23、势不同程度损害着进展中国家。辨析及搭配Adiver n潜水员。Bdiversify v使多样化。Cdiverse adj不同的。Ddiversity n多样性。此处只能用形容词diverse 修饰名词。3Whether he could obtain his diploma or not greatlyhim AdisturbedBdistinguishedCdistresses Ddisputes答案与译文A是否能取得文凭极大地扰乱了他的心绪。辨析及搭配Adisturb 扰乱；打搅。Bdistinguishbetween；from区分；区分。Cdistress 使哀思；使哀痛。Ddisput

24、e 争论；辩论；争吵。4All had to stay in the open space，espat night， for theof the warning of an earthquakeAdonation BdominationCdestination Dduration答案与译文D在整个地震警报期间，大家只好特别是在夜间待在空旷的地方。辨析及搭配Adonation 捐赠品；捐款。B domination 统治；把握；支配。Cdestination 目的地。Dduration 期间；持续时间。5. The free market iswith purchasers and mercha

25、nts Adeliberate Bdense Cdependent Ddesirable答案与译文B自由市场上云集买卖双方而一片繁忙。辨析及搭配Adeliberate 蓄意的；审慎的。B densewith密集的；深厚的；繁忙的。Cdependent 依靠的；依靠的；以而定。Ddesirable 值得要的；合心愿的；悦人心愿的。6. MrSmith is used toreading his favorite academic over coffee Adigital Bdigest Cdigestion Dindigestion答案与译文B史密斯先生习惯于边喝咖啡边读他最宠爱的学术文摘。辨析

26、及搭配首先排解Adigital adj数字的；数码的。后面三个是同根词： Bdigest v消化，领悟。n文摘，摘要。Cdigestion n消化，领悟。Dindigestionn消化不良。7. Failure is the mother of success，so that hers hasn”ther，but encouraged her to redouble her exertions insteadA. discharged Bdiscounted Cdiscarded Ddiscouraged答案与译文D失败乃成功之母。所以她的失败没使她灰心丧气，反而使她加倍努力。辨析及搭配Adi

27、scharge v允许离开；排放出。Bdiscount vt打断；漠视；认为不值得考虑。Cdiscard vtvi抛弃；放弃。Ddiscouragev使泄气；懊丧；阻拦。8. The chemistry teacher dipped his finger into the mixtureand took it out of itA. indirectlyBdirectlyCdimlyDdiplomatically答案与译文B化学教师把一个指头伸进混合液里，马上又拿了出来。辨析及搭配Aindirectly 间接地；拐弯抹角地。 Bdirectly 马上；很快； 直接地。Cdimly 微暗地；模糊

28、地。Ddiplomatically 外交上；外交地。上接第 2 面9Anyin a watch is very delicate Adevice Bdevise Cdeviancy Ddeviation答案与译文A钟表中的任何装置都格外精巧。辨析及搭配首先排解动词Bdevise v设计；制造。Adevice n装置； 设备；方法；打算。Cde- viancy n反常；背离。Ddeviation n背离；越轨；偏差。10. His disasters wereto what he had done wrong AdespiteBin spite ofCdownDdue答案与译文D他遭灾难的缘由是

29、曾经干过坏事。辨析及搭配依据句中的to，可否认A 和 B。 Adespite 不管；尽管；不管。直接带短语，例句：Despite the pouring rain，he went to his post as usual尽管大雨倾盆，他照常去上班。Bin spite of 与 A 同义。In spite of the pouring rain，he went to his post as usualC down 往下；沿着。Ddue to 由于；由于而起。例句： Due to his illness he was lying in bed由于生病， 他躺在床上。11. No one canan

30、y citizen”s legal rightAbe done withBdraw onCderive fromDdeprive of答案与译文D谁也不能剥夺公民的合法权利。辨析及搭配Abe done with 了结了；完成了。 Bdraw on 戴穿上；吸取；引诱。例句：The jailer drew the prisoner on to tell his story 看管诱导囚犯把事情说出来。Cderive from 得来自；由获得。例句： Anyone can derive a lot of pleasure from making friends任何人都能从结交朋友中获得很多乐趣。Dd

31、eprive of 剥夺；夺去。12. The gifted engineera model of the atomic generator Adragged Bdrafted Cdrifted Ddratted答案与译文B那位天才工程师画了一幅原子发电机草图。辨析及搭配Adrag 拖；拉。Bdraft 起草；草拟。draft a plan of study 草拟一份争论打算Cdrift 漂流；漂移。Ddratdamn例句：Drat it！I forgot my key！见鬼该死！我忘了钥匙！13. MrBlack was in the ，standing there dumbfounded，

32、not knowing what to doAdark Bdusk Cdawn Ddam答案与译文A布莱克先生不知就里，站在那里目瞪口呆，不知怎么办好。辨析及搭配Adark 黑暗，in the dark 在黑暗中；不知情；蒙在鼓里。例句： Parents often keep their children in the dark about their presents on NewYear”s Eve年前夕，父母亲常常不让孩子们知道他们的礼物。Bdusk 薄暮； 黄昏：It is hard to see clearly at dusk黄昏时难看清楚东西。Cdawn 拂晓；破晓。例句：They

33、 take their boat out every day at dawn他们每天拂晓时起航出海。Ddam 大坝。14. An unexpected gueston us last night AdecreasedBdeclinedCdescendedDdropped答案与译文C昨天晚上，一位不速之客突然来到我们家。辨析及搭配Adecrease 削减；降低。例句：The number of illiberal people is decreasing gradually缺乏文化素养的人数在渐渐削减。Bdecline 下倾； 下降；下垂。Cdescend 下来；下降；突然来访与upon，on

34、连用。例句： Amy descended upon us at Christmas艾米在圣诞节时突然来访。Ddrop 落下；下降；滴，drop by in over round 顺便来访。E1. economic economical两者都是形容词，但词义不同。economic 意为“经济上的”，“经济学的”；而economical 意为“节约的”， “节约的”，常用于“be economical of”构造。例如：economic growth 经济增长an economical person 节约的人典型考题：Beingof money，she managed to save enough

35、 for a holiday Aeconomic BeconomicalCeconomics Deconomies答案为B。句意：由于节约，她设法储够了度假的钱。economics 经济学，经济状况；economies 节约，节约，节约。2. efficient effective形容词efficient 与 effective 都表示“有效的”。efficient 指“有效率的”， “高效率的”，“有力气的”，常指人；而effective 表示“有效的”，“效率好的”，“得力的”，常指政策、措施等。如：a very efficient production manager 一位格外得力的生产

36、经理effective teaching 效果好的教学典型考题：A lawyer needs ansecretary Ainefficient Befficient CeffectiveDsufficient答案为B。句意：律师需要一位能干的秘书。inefficient 不能胜任的，没有力气的；sufficient 充分的，足够的。3. electric electricalelectric 与 electrical 均作形容词用，但前者用来指“用电来驱动的”，“由电产生的”，后者为“与电有关的”。另外 electric 还可以表示“令人震惊的”。例如：an electric torchgen

37、erator电筒发电机 an electrical engineer 电机工程师典型考题：His speech had aneffect on the crowd；they all cheered him AelectricBelectricalCelectronicDelastic答案为A。句意：他的演说震撼人心，整个人群都向他欢呼。 electronic 电子的； elastic 有弹性的。4. eminent imminenteminent 和imminent 都是形容词，词形相像，但词义不同。eminent 指“著名的”， “卓越的”，“精彩的”； imminent 指“马上发生的”，

38、“迫在眉睫的”。例如：典型考题：Women are often said to be morethan men AemotionsBmotionsCemotionalDemotive答案为C。句意：常常说女人比男人易动感情。emotions 是人类精神情感的总称， 包括喜、怒、哀、乐等心情；motions 运动，动作。6. enviable enviousenviable 表示“值得艳羡的”，多作定语用。如an enviable possession 一笔令人艳羡的财产。而envious 表示“艳羡的”，“妒忌的”，常用于短语be envious of艳羡，妒忌。典型考题：Mary would

39、 always beof her sister”s beauty AenvoyBvarious CenviableDenvious答案为D。句意：玛丽总是妒忌她妹妹的秀丽。envoy 使节，公使；various 各种各样的，不同的。7. equal equivalentequal 与 equivalent 近义。但equal 指在大小、质量、数量、外形、价值等方面相当或相等，常用词组be equal to等于，和相等，而equivalent 指在意义、重要性等抽象的方面相当或相等。另外，equal 可作名词用，表“对手”，“匹敌者”。如：Washington was eminent both

40、as a general and as president位将军和总统，都是出类拔萃的。华盛顿作为一equal pay for equal work 同工同酬His behavior is equivalent to treason他的行为等于背叛。The black clouds and the lightning show that a storm is imminent乌云和闪电说明暴风雨马上降落。典型考题：As we know，Churchill was one of the world”s moststatesmenAeminentBimminentCillicitDexplicab

41、le答案为A。句意：众所周知，邱吉尔是世界上最卓越的政治家之一。A 与B 较易混淆，前者意为“著名的”；后者意为“靠近的”，“马上发生的”。illicit 违法的；explicable 可解释的，可说明的。5. emotional emotive典型考题：John knows so much about the stars that I am sure it would be impossible to find hisAsimilar Breflection Cequal Dequivalent答案为C。句意：约翰对星球的学问如此渊博，我可以断定没有人可以与他匹敌。similar 类似的，和

42、to 连用；reflection 倒影，反射。8exhausting exhaustiveexhausting 与 exhaustive 是同根形容词，但词义差异很大。exhausting 意为“使人疲乏不堪的”，“筋疲力尽的”。而exhaustive 表示“彻底的”，“无遗漏的”，“广泛的”。如：emotional 与 emotive 并不同义，却常被混淆。emotional 表示“布满感情的”， “易动感情的”，主语多为人；emotive 表示“使人感动的”，“令人感动的”之意，主语多为物。如： an emotional person 易动感情的人We had a long and exh

43、austing meeting this morning使人疲乏的长会。I don”t claim to be exhaustive on this subject 我并不认为自己把这个问题讲透了。今日上午我们开了一个an emotive speech 令人感动的演讲典型考题：The professor didresearch before writing the articleAexhaustingBexhaustive CexhibitedDexecuted答案为B。句意：这位教授在写这篇文章之前，做了全面的调查争论。exhibit 展览，陈设； execute 执行，如execute o

44、rders 执行命令。Ffacilityf silitinpl设备，设施便利，简洁，便利【考点】facility 表示“设备，设施，便利”时通常只用复数。facultyf k ltin力气，技能，天赋系，学科，学院全体教员【考点】faculty 表示“全体教员”用做主语时，如看做是一个整体，则其谓语用单数形式；如看做是个体，其谓语则用复数形式。 fadefeidvi褪去，褪色渐渐消逝，变微弱，变黯淡凋谢，枯萎 vt使褪色【辨析】fade 和 wither 两词都可表示“凋谢”。但前者表示渐渐失去颜色和明媚，有时也表示暗淡。后者则指因无活力或不明媚而失去生气，可以借喻为“年轻”。faithful

45、fei fula忠诚的，忠实的，忠贞的尽职的，责任心强的 照实的，准确牢靠的【考点】faithful 用做表语时后面的搭配介词是to，即 be faithful to。fancyf nsivt想要，宠爱想象，设想猜测，以为n爱好，沉迷想象力，梦想力设想，空想，梦想a昂贵的，高档的别致的，花式的， 花俏的【考点】fancy 表示“设想，想像”时，后面接动名词作宾语，不行接不定式。fancy 和think 一样，在句子中常用否认转移，如I don”t he will come to our party常用词组take a fancy to 宠爱上，爱上farewellf weln告辞，欢送会【辨析】farewell 和 good-bye 两词都表示“再见”，但后者是一般用语，适用于各种告辞的场合。前者是正式用语，多用于亲友远离时的告辞。feasiblefi:z bla可行的，可能的，可用的【全真考题】I suggest we put