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1、小升初英语必考 40 个重点学问点1. 现在进展时表示正在发生的事情或进展的动作,常与 now,listen,look 等词连用。构造是主语+be 动词(am, is, are)+动词 ing.如:It is raining now. 外面正在下雨。It is six oclock now. 现在 6 点了。My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.我父母正在客厅看报纸。Look! The children are having a running race now.看!孩子们正在赛跑。问句将 be 动词移前,否认句在 be 动
2、词后+not.2. 一般现在时表示经常反复发生的事情或动作,常与 often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year) 等词连用。构造是主语+动词原形;当主语为第三人称单数即 he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy 等词时,动词后加s 或 es.如:We have an English lesson every day.我们每天都要上英语课。Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.男孩比女孩跑的快吗?是的。问句借助于 do, does 否认句
3、借助于 dont, doesnt,后面动词肯定要复原。3. 一般过去时表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,常与 just now; a moment ago; ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。构造是主语+be 动词的过去式was; were或主语+动词的过去式。留意:be 动词与动词过去式不行同时使用。如:My earphones were on the ground just now.我的耳机刚刚还在呢。Where were you last week? I was at
4、a camp.你上个星期去哪了?我去野营了。What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm. 你昨天去干嘛了?我去参观农场了。问句有 be 动词将 be 动词移前,没有 be 动词借助于 did,后面动词复原;否认句有 be 动词在后面加 not,没有借助于 didn”t 后面动词复原。4. 一般将来时表示将要打算发生的事情或动作,常与 tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;)today 等词连用。构造是主语+be(am, is, are) g
5、oing to + 动原或主语+will +动原。如:What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic. 你明天要去干嘛?我要去野餐。The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week. 孩子们下个星期将参与运动会。Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.Tom 今晚将和父母去看演出。问句将 be 动词或 will 移前;否认句在 be 动词或 will 后加 not.5. 情
6、态动词情态动词 can; cant; should; shouldnt; must; may 后肯定加动词原形。如:The girl cant swim, but he can skate.女孩不会游泳,但是会滑冰。Dont talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.不要在课上说话,你应当认真听教师讲。6. 祈使句确定祈使句以动词原形开头;否认祈使句以 dont 加动词原形开头。如:Open the box for me ,please.请为我翻开盒子。Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tom
7、orrow.刘涛,明天请早点起床! Dont walk on the grass!不要在草地上走!Helen! Dont climb the tree,please.海伦!不要爬树。7. go 的用法去干嘛用 go +动词 ing如: go swimming; go fishing;go skating;go camping;go running;go skiing;go rowing8. 比较问题than 前用比较级;asas 之间用原级。如:My mother is two years younger than my father.我妈比我爸年轻两岁。Liu Tao jumps as fa
8、r as Ben.刘涛跳得和本一样远。9. 宠爱做某事用 like +动词 ing 或 like+ to + 动原。如:Su Yang likes growing flowers.苏阳宠爱种花。The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.孩子们宠爱在春节去玩花灯。10. 想要做某事用 would like +to+动原或 want + to +动原。例:Id like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum我想去参观历史博物馆。11.
9、 some 用法some 用于确定句中,在否认句和问句中改为 any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用some.如:Can I have some writing paper? 我可以拿一些书写纸吗?Would you like some orange juice? 你想来一些橙汁吗?12. 代词人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前,主格分别是 I you he she it we you they。宾格做宾语用,一般放在动词或介词后。如:Open them for me. Let us , join me 等。宾格分别是 me you him her it us you them。形容词性物主代词
10、放在名词前,不能单独使用,分别是 my your his her its our your their;名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词,它只能单独使用后面不好加名词,分别是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。13. 介词介词后要么不加动词,加动词只能加动词 ing 形式如:be good at running;do well in jumping;14. 时间介词季节前,月份前用介词 in;如:in summer;in March具体的哪一天如星期几,几月几日用介词 on;如:on Saturday; on the second of April
11、; on Wednesday morning在几点钟前用介词 at;如:at a quarter to four;只在上下午晚上用 in;如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;但在夜间用 at night。另:季节, 月份和星期前不好加 the.15. 名词复数构成的方法规章的有:(1) 直接在名词后加 s如 orangeoranges; photophotos;(2) 以 x, s, sh, ch 结尾的加 es如:boxboxes; glassglasses; waitresswaitresses; watch watches;peach-peaches
12、(3) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的改 y 为 i 加 es如:studystudies;librarylibraries; hobbyhobbies; familyfamilies;(4) 以 f, fe 结尾的改 f, fe 为 ves如:knifeknives; thiefthieves注:以 o 结尾的我们学过的只有 mango 加es, mangomangoes 其余加 s,不规章的有:manmen; womanwomen; peoplepeople; childchildren16. 动词第三人称单数的构成(1) 直接在动词后加 s如:runruns; dancedances(2) 以
13、 s,sh,ch,o 结尾的加 es如:dodoes;gogoes; washwashes;catchcatches(3) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的改 y 为 i 加 es如:studystudies; carrycarries;17. 现在分词的构成(1) 直接在动词后加 ing如:singsinging; skiskiing;(2) 双写词尾加 ing如:swimswimming; jogjogging;runrunning;(3) 以不发音的 e 结尾的去 e 加 ing如:rideriding; dancedancing; makemaking;18. 动词过去式的构成规章的有:(1)
14、 直接在动词后加 ed如:cleancleaned; milkmilked; playplayed;(2) 以 e 结尾的直接加 d如:dancedanced; tastetasted;(3) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的改 y 为 i 加 ed如:studystudied;carrycarried;(4) 双写词尾加 ed如:stopstopped; jogjogged; 不规章的有:am,iswas; arewere; do,doesdid; have,hashad; gowent; meet met; sitsat; seesaw; getgot; telltold; runran; com
15、ecame; stealstole; readread;19. 形容词副词比较级的构成规章的有:(1) 直接在形容词或副词后加 er如;smallsmaller; lowlower;(2) 以 e 结尾的加 r如:latelarer;(3) 双写词尾加 er如:bigbigger; thinthinner; fatfatter;(4) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的改 y 为 i 加 er如:heavyheavier; earlyearlier;不规章的有:good, wellbetter(最高级为 best); many, much more(最高级为 most); farfarther 或 fu
16、rther(最高级 farthest 或 furthest);20. rain 与 snow 的用法(1) 作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不行数名词如:There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。(2) 作为动词意思是下雨和下雪,有四种形式分别是:动词原形 rain;snow;第三人称单数 rains ;snows; 现在分词 raining; snowing; 过去式 rained;snowed;如:Look! It is raining now. 瞧!天正在下雨。It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通
17、夏天经常下雨。 It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。(3) 形容词为 rainy 和 snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的如:It is often rainy here in spring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的。If it is rainy tomorrow, Ill stay at home.假设明天是有雨的,我将呆在家里。21. 比较级留意只有同类事物才可进展比较。 如:My eyes are bigger than hers. 我的眼睛比她大。Your school bag is heavier th
18、an mine. 你的书包比我的重。My computer is nicer than Nancys. 我的电脑好于 nancy 的电脑。My brother is stronger than me.我的哥哥比我强壮。22.have, has 用法表示某人有(has 用于第三人称单数);There is/ are;There was/ were 表示某地存在有留意 There be 句型的就近原则单数或不行数用 there is /was;复数用 there are/ were.23. 本身就是复数的词眼镜 glasses; 耳机 earphones; 鞋 shoes;裤子 trousers
19、等词本身是复数。如:My glasses were on the chair just now.我的眼镜现在在椅子上。但假设表示这双,这副,一双的时候用单数如: There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate.盘里有一双筷子。This pair of earphones is for you. 这一副耳机是送给你的。24. 五个元音字母 分别是 A, E, I, O, U;25. 一个的用法a 用于辅音前不是辅音字母前;an 用于元音前不是元音字母前。如:There is an s, a t, a u, a d ,an e, an n,and a t in
20、 the word student.26. 时间表示法有两种:(1) 直接读时钟和分钟。如 6:10 读成 six ten; 7:30 读成 seven thirty; 8:45 读成 eight forty-five;(2) 用 to 与 past 表示。在半小时包括半小时以内用几分 past 几点。如:6:10 读成 ten past six; 7:30 读成 half past seven;过了半小时用下一个钟点差几分;如 7:45 读成 a quarter to eight; 9:50 读成 ten to ten;27. 基数词变序数词的方法基变序有规律,结尾加上 th;一二三特别例,
21、结尾字母 t、d(即 first, second, third);八去 t, 九去 e, ve 要用 f 替即 eigheighth; nineninth; five- fifth ;twelvetwelfth;ty 改 y 为 ie 后加 th 别遗忘(即整十数如 twentytwentieth;fortyfortieth); 几十几十位为基个位为序如其次十一为 twenty-first。另外强调序数词前肯定要加 the。28. 日期的表示法用 the+序数词+ of +月如:三月三日 the third of March;12 月 25 日 the 25th of December. 29
22、.both表示两者都如:My parents are both teachers. 我的父母都是教师。all 表示三者以上都如:The students are all very excited. 学生们都很兴奋。30. 节日的表示法有 day 的节日前用 on.没有 day 的节日前用 at;如:at Christmas; on Christmas Day; at New Year; on New Year s Day.31. 感动兴奋的excited 表示感动的,兴奋地主语是人;exciting 表示令人感动的,令人兴奋的主语是事情;如:The running race is very e
23、xciting, so all the students are very excited. 赛跑格外令人感动,因此全部的学生都很感动。32. 比较两者比较用比较级,三者以上比较用最高级。如:Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does 谁跑得更快,男孩还是女孩?男孩。Which season do you like best? I like autumn best.你最宠爱哪个季节?我最宠爱秋天。Which season do you like better, summer or winter? I like winter better
24、. 你更宠爱哪个季节,夏天还是冬天?我更宠爱冬天。33. 动词复原的用法前面用了 do, does did, dont, doesnt didnt 后面动词要复原。如:Did she watch TV last night? 她昨晚看电视了吗?Helen doesnt like taking photos. Helen 不宠爱拍照。34. 到了到达用 get to,但留意到家,到这儿,到那儿不行以加 to。如:get home; get here; get there,另外 go home; come here; go there 也一样。35. 长着和穿着长着什么用 with;如:the g
25、irl with big eyes 大眼睛的女孩;穿着什么用 in;如:the man in black 穿黑衣服的男人或:the woman in the white skirt 穿白色短裙的妇女36. 让某人做某事用 let sb 后加动词原形;如:Lets water the flowers together. 我们一起来浇花吧。是该做的时候了用 Its time for+名词或 Its time to +动原;帮助某人做某事是 help sb with sth;如:帮我学英语是 help me with my English37. 东西在树上外来的东西在树上用 in the tree;如:the bird in the tree 树上有一只鸟树上长的用 on the tree;如:the apples on the tree 树上长着苹果38. 运动和乐器球类之前不加 the;乐器之前必需加 the如:play the piano; play football39. 一周中的第一天是 Sunday; 一年中的第一个月是 January。40.get 后加比较级表示变得更怎么样
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