部编人教版九年级上语文《9 精神的三间小屋》优质精品公开课课件.pptx

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1、,9 精神的三间小屋,新课导入,秋菊有佳色，裛露掇其英。汎此忘忧物，远我遗世情。一觞虽独进，杯尽壶自倾。日入群动息，归鸟趋林鸣。啸傲东轩下，聊复得此生。 （晋陶渊明饮酒其七）,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元

2、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元

3、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,学习目标,1.品味文章优美的语言，把握作者主要观点。(重点)2.理解“精神的三间小屋”的深刻内涵，体会本文“以小见大”的精巧构思。(重点、难点)3.学会关注自己的心灵，构建自己的精神空间。(重点),作者名片,毕淑敏，祖籍山东，1952年生于新疆伊宁。17岁赴西藏高原阿里地区当兵，在海拔五千米的高原部队服役11年。从医20多年后，开始专业写作。主要有中、短篇小说集女人之约昆仑殇预约死亡，散文集素面朝天提醒幸福保持惊奇，长篇

4、小说红处方等。,背景链接,本文选自毕淑敏散文（浙江文艺出版社2001年版）。有改动。“精神的三间小屋”第一间小屋中盛着我们的爱和恨；第二间小屋中盛放着我们的事业；第三间小屋中安放我们的自身。在物欲横流的时代，呵护心灵，澡雪精神是可贵而必要的事，作者用那充满灵性的文笔把平凡人的所见所闻所感娓娓道来。智慧的心灵，思想的火花，隽永的话语，发人深省。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

5、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

6、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,广袤（ ） 积攒（ ） 宽宥（ ）游弋（ ） 惊骇（ ） 濡养（ ）麾下（ ） 嘟囔（ ）坍塌（ ）灰烬（ ） 窗棂（ ） 轻觑（ ）赘生物（ ） 间不容发（ ）自惭形秽（ ）抽丝剥茧（ ）鸠占鹊巢（ ）相得益彰（ ）,mo,zn,yu,y,hi,r,h

7、u,d nn,tn,jn,ln,q,zhu,jin,hu,jin,ji,zhn,生难字,预习测评,形似字,弋（ ）游弋戈（ ）戈壁,坍（ ）坍塌彤（ ）彤云,僵（ ）冻僵疆（ ）边疆缰（ ）缰绳,y,tn,tn,jin,jin,jin,词语解释,自惭形秽：原指因自己的举止容貌不如别人而感到惭愧，后来泛指自愧不如别人。广袤：开阔，广阔。广，从东到西的长度。袤，从南到北的长度。积攒：一点(儿)一点(儿)地聚集。可望而不可即：只能够望见而不能够接近，形容看来可以实现而实际难以实现。宽宥：宽恕，原谅。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元

8、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元

9、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,间不容发：两物中间容不下一根头发，形容事物之间距离极小。游弋：在水中游动。形销骨立：形容身体极其消瘦

10、。轻觑：轻视，小看。濡养：滋养。俯拾即是：只要弯下身子来捡，到处都是。形容地上的某一类东西、要找的某一类例证、文章中的错别字等很多。也说俯拾皆是。,自由地朗读课文，思考：本文可以分为哪几个部分？,整体感知,第一部分（16）：引出话题如何布置我们的心灵空间。,第二部分（717）：分析人们的精神世界里应该建立“三间小屋”。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

11、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

12、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,第1层（7、8）：分析如何建立第一间精神小屋，即盛放着爱和恨的小屋。 第2层（913）：分析如何建立第二间精神小屋。即盛放着事业的小屋。 第3层（1417）：分析如何建立第三间精神小屋，即安放我们自身的小屋。 第三部分(18、19)：指出我们能够建筑精神的三间小屋并扩建成精神大

13、厦。,课文解读,作者认为应该修建三间精神小屋的原因是什么？,为了给精神建立栖息地，使人生健康、美丽、庄严、伟大、真诚、完满、永恒。,16自然段写的是什么？与后文写的精神的三间小屋有什么关联？,13段是全文的引子，由两句名言引出对精神空间的理解。 46段由身体活动的空间引出人心灵活动空间的思考。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元

14、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元

15、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,第1自然段里的“每一粒泥土，每一朵浪花，每一朵云霓”三个短语能不能互换位置？为什么？,不能。因为它们对应上文的“大地，海洋，天空”。,走进第一间小屋,作者认为第一间精神小屋应该怎样布置才是美的？是怎样的美？,给爱留下足够的空间。 如果这样，“小屋就光明温暖，像一座金色的池塘，有红色的鲤鱼游弋”，就会“祥

16、和”，就会“充满希望”。,从欣赏的角度，你怎样评价课文第7自然段？,运用了排比，比喻的修辞手法。 增强了文字的形象性，生动性，新奇感，使文章变得文采飞扬。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,

17、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,

18、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,第段中“给爱留下足够的容量”能不能理解为最终有把“第一间小屋”建设成盛满爱的小屋？简述理由。,不能，因为第一间小屋里还要用来盛恨，包括对丑恶的仇恨，对污浊的厌烦等等。,走进第二间小屋,第二间小屋中，作者罗列数字有什么作用？,给人们一个事业的时间概念，强调事业的重要性，不要小看事业对人产生的深远影响。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

19、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

20、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,作者认为第二间小屋的理想效果是什么？这种效果怎样才能实现？,使人生和事业缤纷和谐相得益彰，小屋坚固优雅。 找合适自己的事业，适时播种辛勤耕耘，

21、快乐收获。,为什么说适合你的事业，如同“白桦林不靠天赐，主要靠自我找寻”？,不但是因为相宜的事业，并非象雨后白桦林中的菌子一样，俯拾即是，而且因为我们对自身的认识，也是抽丝剥茧，需要水落石出的流程。,建造“坚固优雅”的第二间精神小屋，它的“要诀”是 什么？,建造“坚固优雅”的第二间精神小屋，它的“要诀”是“规划自己的事业生涯，使事业和人生，呈现缤纷和谐，相得益彰的局面”。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

22、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

23、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,走进第三间小屋,为什么作者说“在我们的小屋里，住着所有我们认识的人，唯独没有我们自己”？,这是一个信息高度发达的社会，我们能从不同渠道接受各种纷繁复杂的信息，渐渐有的人就被这个信息社会所同化了，,常常随波逐流，用他人的观点来

24、肯定事物的价值，常常以为众人所追求的就是他们自己想要的。于是别人的思想、外在的信息代替了他们自己的思想，使他们成为缺乏思想和思考的群体。,如果我们的精神小屋不住着自己，会出现什么情况？,如果真是那样，我们的精神小屋，不必等待地震和潮汐，在微风中就消无声息的坍塌了。我们的精神，将会孤独地在风雨中飘零。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

25、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

26、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,如何理解“三间小屋，说大不大，说小不小”这句话？,因为相对于人类而言，它涉及的都是个人的喜怒哀乐、事业与生活；相对个人而言，它的意义可能比大地、海洋、天空都要宽广。,根据你的理解，谈谈“精神的三间小屋”之间的内在联系。,三间小屋是一个整体，其中盛放我们自身的小屋是根本，是心灵大厦的基础，我们只有拥

27、有自己的主见，才能明确自己所爱和所恨的，才懂得什么样的事业才能带给我们真正的快乐。,结构梳理,精神的三间小屋,一颗大心才能盛得下喜怒，输得出力量,引论,结论,如何让人的心灵博大,第一间小屋,第二间小屋,爱恨,美好人性 健康人格,建筑三间小屋 扩建精神大厦,事业,第三间小屋,自身,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

28、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

29、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,拓展迁移,优等的心，不必华丽，但必须坚固。 毕淑敏造心,我不相信手掌的纹路，但我相信手掌加上手指的力量。如果你不能确定你往哪里走，那么此处就是你的葬身之地。 毕淑敏心灵七游戏,我相信不化妆的微笑更纯洁而美好，我相信不化妆的目光更坦率而真诚，我相信不化妆的女人更有勇气直面人生。 毕淑敏素面朝天,艺术特色,1.引用名言，巧

30、妙开篇。 本文开头第自然段，分别引用了雨果的名言及俗语“宰相肚里能撑船”，从两句名言写起，为下文写人需要修建精神的三间小屋作好铺垫，水到渠成地提出自己的观点。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

31、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

32、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,2.并列结构，条理清晰。 文章在论述“精神的三间小屋”时，分别以“第一间，盛着我们的爱和恨”“第二间小屋，盛放我们的事业”“第三间，安放我们自身”来引领对如何营造精神的三间小屋的论述，这种并列的结构方式，使行文显得条理清晰，结构分明。,3.对比手法，论述充分。 如文章第段“假若爱比恨多，小屋就光明温暖，像一座金色池塘，有红色的鲤鱼游弋，那是你的大福气。假如恨比爱多，小屋就阴风惨惨，厉鬼出没，你的精神悲戚压抑，形销骨立。如果想重温祥和，就

33、得净手焚香，洒扫庭院。销毁你的精神垃圾，重塑你的精神天花板，让一束圣洁的阳光，,从天窗洒入”使用的就是对比的手法，将“精神的屋”“爱比恨多”与“恨比爱多”时的不同情状拿来对比，前者“光明温暖”，后者“阴风惨惨”，很自然地让读者接受了“在布置我们的精神空间时，应给爱留下足够的容量”的观点。,4.用语形象，修辞巧妙。 如“不要轻觑了事业对精神的濡养或反之的腐蚀作用，它以深远的力度和广度，挟持着我们的精神，以成为它麾下持久的人质”，使用了比喻及拟人的修辞手法，将“事业”喻作“挟持者”，将 “人”喻作“人质”，阐述了事业对人的濡养或腐蚀作用，使论证显得形象生动。,课后作业,1.抄写你最喜欢的语句或段落。2.结合自己的阅读感悟，试以“我的精神小屋”为话题，写一篇300字左右的文章。,